Civic Location Data eXchange Format (CLDXF) Michael Gurley 9-1-1 GIS Coordinator Oregon Office of Emergency Management
Dec 18, 2015
Civic Location Data eXchange Format (CLDXF)
Michael Gurley
9-1-1 GIS Coordinator
Oregon Office of Emergency Management
Purposes of CLDXF Support the exchange of address data by
providing “definitive set of core civic location data elements”
Ensure portability of address data
Permit efficient design of software systems
Meet functional needs of call-routing and dispatch
Does not include all elements needed for local address data management
No address ID, no metadata, no data quality checks
Purposes of CLDXF
Map a profile between IETF (internet engineering task force) PIDF-LO and NENA
PIDF - Presence Information Data Format “hello, it’s me and I’m waiting for an answer”
LO - Location Object “this is exactly where I am” coordinate location or civic address
CLDXF is the United States profile of IETF PIDF-LO, and it uses the PIDF-LO XML (Extensible Markup Language) schema, extended to include US-specific elements
Purposes of CLDXF Map elements to FGDC address standard
FGDC - Federal Geographic Data Committee
United States Thoroughfare, Landmark, & Postal Address Data
Standard
Sponsored by NENA and URISA, managed by Census
Over 10 years in development
More complex than CLDXF
Provide illustrative examples of parsing
There’s a lot of weird addresses out there!!
Why address standard is so important A standard allows for automated matching between many
different address lists & mapping sources
ALI database (9-1-1) may not provide a complete list
Field data collection Local
updates
Commercial data provider
Voter List
Utilities ALI DB
Tax List
US Census
LocalParcels
address standard
tabular
geographic
How is CLDXF different from other standards?
No abbreviations
except State and Country
More levels of geography
Municipalities, communities, neighborhoods
Boundaries matter!
Complete parsing of street names
Fixes deficiencies in existing telco and USPS formats
How is CLDXF different?
Covers all possible numbering schemes
Number prefix, number, number suffix
Provides structure for subaddress information
Supports precision in address down to room & seat
CLDXF contents S1: executive overview S2: introduction S3: civic location address data elements S4: NENA registry system consideration S5: references S6: previous acknowledgements A: FGDC-NENA profile B: cross-ref of CLDXF-PIDFLO-FGDC
elements C: examples of address parsing
CLDXF element description CLDXF name and PIDF-LO name Definition Definition source Examples Data type Domain of values Mandatory/Conditional/Optional Minimum, maximum number of
occurrences Notes
CLDXF element groups
Country, State, and Place Name
Street Name
Address Number
Landmark Name
Subaddress
Address Descriptor
Country, State, and Place NamesThe easy ones – large geographies, well-defined legal status Country Name / Country – mandatory
two-letter ISO code State Name / State – mandatory
two-letter USPS code Place Name / County - mandatory
The name of county or county-equivalent where the address is located.
Addresses and boundaries “…where the address is located.”
All these structures are located in Cambridge but addressed in Belmont.
You can’t list an address for Grove Street in Cambridge – because this Grove Street is not in Cambridge and there very well might be another Grove Street that is
CAM
BRID
GE
BELM
ON
T
Gro
ve S
treet
Addresses and boundaries “…where the address is located.”
In which municipality is this address located?
Parts of Street Name Street Name Pre Modifier Street Name Pre Directional Street Name Pre Type Street Name Pre Type Separator Street Name Street Name Post Type Street Name Post Directional Street Name Post Modifier
Familiar elements
No abbreviationsExample: “N JOHNSON TR”
Is it “NORTH JOHNSON TRAIL”or “NEIL JOHNSON TERRACE”
Domains for Pre/Post Types at http://technet.nena.org/nrs/registry/_registries.xml
pre directional pre type street name post type post directionalMAIN STREETBROADWAY
NORTH FAIRFAX DRIVEROUTE 7
SEVENTH STREET EASTAVENUE C NORTH
A Few Twists on Familiar Elements
Two types
Multiword types
Local Knowledge Required
pre directional pre type street name post type post directionalWARREN STREET COURT
NORTH 10TH STREET EXTENSION
pre directional pre type street name post type post directionalSTADIUM ACCESS ROAD
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY 95
pre directional pre type street name post type post directionalEAST BRIDGEWATER ROAD
EAST BRIDGEWATER ROADNORTH STAR ROAD
NORTH STAR ROADBYRON LANE ROADBYRON LANE ROAD
Not-so-familiar elements
Modifiers Separated from name, not a type word or phrase
Separated from name, before or after directional
pre modifier pre directional pre type street name post type post directional post modifierARNOLD AVENUE BYPASSARNOLD AVENUE EXTENDEDSOUTH SHORE MALL ACCESS ROAD NUMBER 1
ALTERNATE ROUTE 8THE MANOR LANE
THE MANOR LANE
pre modifier pre directional pre type street name post type post directional post modifierMARKET STREET NORTH EXTENSIONMAIN STREET
NORTH MAIN STREETOLD NORTH MAIN STREET
Not-so-familiar elements (continued)
Street Name Pre Type Separator Added to match FGDC Separator Element Preposition or prepositional phrase that
“separates” pre type from name
‘northbound’ and ‘southbound’ modifiers
pre-type pre-type separator street nameROAD TO THE RIVERAVENUE OF THE AMERICAS
pre-directional pre-type street name post-type post-directional post-modifierINTERSTATE HIGHWAY 95 southbound
NORTH MARKET STREETMARSHALL AVENUE SOUTH
Address Number What is an address number?
Ideally, the number part indicates a location in sequence along a road, respecting parity
At a minimum, the full address number uniquely identifies one of the following
a site or a group of structures a single structure a part of a structure or some other location like an undeveloped parcel
with reference to a named street
Address number prefix
Address number (integer)
Address number suffi x
Address Number – further thoughts
Unfortunately, address numbers are often used to encode other kinds of information: Sector
Cross street or block
Building, Floor, Unit
Decoding the pattern may be useful Splitting the full number into prefix, number
and suffix should preserve the sequence information, if any
Zero should NOT be used to indicate no address number
Weirdo numbering sample number parsing – odd cases Complete Address Number
Address Number prefix
Address Number
Address Number suffi x Note
A21 A 2112B 12 B typical two family or infill12.5 12 1/2 also common for infill12.5 12 .5 due to field type constraints
B4-01 B 4 -01 building, floor, unit194-23 1/2 194- 23 1/2 Queens, NY (block number)
0123 0 123 Portland, OR
Weirdo numbering
“0”: In Portland, OR, negative Address Numbers have been assigned in an area along the west bank of the Willamette River. By local practice, the minus sign is represented as a leading zero. ("0123 South Whitaker" and "123 South Whitaker" would be two completely different addresses). The leading zero must be treated as an Address Number Prefix.
Landmarks and landmark parts Landmark: “Name by which a prominent feature
is publicly known”
Landmark part added by CLDXF as extension of PIDF-LO. Usually involves a geographic hierarchy.
Landmark part is a repeating tag, so doesn’t neatly translate to fields
Order is not specified, (e.g. smallest -> largest) parts concatenated with spaces
Landmark Name Part (LMKP) Landmark Name Part (LMKP) Landmark (LMK)Statue of Liberty Statue of Liberty Winona Park Elementary School Winona Park Elementary School Yosemite National Park Camp Curry Yosemite National Park Camp CurryUniversity of South Florida Sun Dome Arena University of South Florida Sun Dome Arena Reed College Eliot Hall Reed College Eliot Hall
One way to manage landmark parts
If you are managing “sites” as a separate geographic layer, with sub-sites and named buildings mapped:
When is a something “a prominent feature, publicly known”?
When is something a building and when is it a landmark?
Note: a landmark is a complete, valid address
Site (landmark part) sub-site (landmark part) building (landmark part)Beth Israel Hospital East Campus Lamont BuildingSt. John's College Meecham LibraryWisteria Lake Boat RampGeneral Electric Plant Maintenance Shed
Subaddress elements
In USPS or ALI database, typically unstructured info
CLDXF provides hierarchy of building, floor, unit
FGDC allows for flexibility in typing subaddress components; CLDXF suggests type word included
BuildingFloorUnitRoomSeatAdditional Location Information
Subaddress examples
Building Addl. Location Information
Floor Unit Room Seat Notes
Building 4 Suite 10Wing 7
Floor 6Corridor Zero
Apartment 2DMezzanine Room 450F
PenthouseBasement (FLOOR)
Basement (UNIT)Terminal A Gate C27
4th floor Empire RoomCorridor F Floor 3 Cubicle 23
Subaddress issues Not always clear what goes into “building” v.
“landmark” “generic” identifiers, like numbers or letters, go
into building field, whereas names go into landmark field, but “publicly known?”
Many ways “building,” “floor” or “unit” can be represented or abbreviated in inputs
Identifiers can be encoded into unit field – this may be an area for content standards “#5” “Apt. 5” “Unit 5” “No. 5” all refer to Unit 5
“7B” “A-5C” “B12” all contain reference to building or floor as well as unit
One last element
Not part of the address, but an attribute IETF Location Types Registry (user community
maintained):
http://www.iana.org/assignments/location-type-registry/location-type-
registry.xml
Address Feature Type / Place Type
airport A place from which aircraft operate, such as an airport or heliport.
arena Enclosed area used for sports events.
bank Business establishment in which money is kept for saving or commercial purposes or is invested, supplied for loans, or exchanged.
bar A bar or saloon.
Civic Location Data eXchange Format (CLDXF)
https://www.nena.org/?NG911CLDXF