CHP

COMBINED HEAT AND POWER

2

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1)

340450

600670

600750800

WÄRTSILÄ CHP – WIN-WIN CONCEPT + Extremely efficient utilization of primary fuels + Decentralized energy production (DE)

enables individual CHP solutions that are economical and efficient

+ Optimized plant size with step-by-step investment thanks to multi-unit design. Gives lower investment risk in a changing market

+ Maximized plant availability in all operating situations

+ Flexible operation for changes in power and heat demands

+ Electrical output and efficiency are unaffected by the rate of heat production

+ Lower power transmission costs + On-site maintenance without production

down-time

= Low capital and operational costs per output unit. High profitability!

Increasing demand for energy and long transmission distances from

power plant to end user affect the reliability of the electricity supply,

and also put pressure on the price of electrical and thermal energy. The

power and energy market has been deregulated and liberalized, pushing

power generation towards a decentralized model. More and more power

and heat is being produced close to the point of consumption. At the

same time, the world is calling for more efficient use of fuels to protect

the environment for future generations.

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COMBINED BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION

Wärtsilä addresses these demands with its Combined Heat and

Power (CHP) solutions for utilities, IPPs, industry and municipalities.

Typical plant sizes range from 4 to100 MWe, in single or multi-engine

configurations.

The combination of high efficiency and low emissions offered by

Wärtsilä CHP plants is unequalled in the market. Wärtsilä engines as

such comply with various national and local environmental requirements

and with World Bank guidelines for power plants.

Cogeneration is a closed process that requires no auxiliary cooling

of the engines since the heat from the process is taken into profitable

use. CHP plants, with their unbeatable electrical efficiency and high

total efficiency throughout the load range, have very low CO2 emissions,

so they easily comply with the most stringent environmental and CHP

regulations.

Wärtsilä CHP plants can run on various grades of natural gas and

liquid fuel, while still maintaining low emissions and high efficiency. The

plants include thermal heat recovery for hot water, steam, direct-fire hot

air, or chilled water – raising an already efficient power plant, 43-45%

in terms of net electricity, to a total efficiency of 90% or above. More

efficient use of fuel also translates into lower emissions per unit of fuel.

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PLANT CONCEPTWärtsilä CHP plants powered by reciprocating

engines offer fl exibility and uncompromising

performance wherever power and heat are

required.

Wärtsilä’s gas and diesel engines have by

far the highest electrical effi ciency for prime

movers in the market. The exhaust gases and

cooling water from the engine can fl exibly

be utilized for numerous applications – as

low-pressure steam for industrial entities, as

district heating and/or chilled water for cities,

offi ce complexes and municipalities; or the

exhaust gases can be used directly for drying,

etc. Depending on customer needs, the CHP

plant’s total effi ciency can even exceed 90 %.

Typical heat recovery systems, between the

prime mover and the customer’s equipment,

are of “hang-on” type and ensure both

optimized heat production and effective engine

cooling and operation. Wärtsilä’s heat recovery

design takes into account all the customer’s

seasonal, monthly, weekly and daily variations

in running and operational heat production

conditions. Heat production does not affect the

electrical output or the electrical effi ciency of

the prime mover.

The modular design of Wärtsilä CHP plants

enables rapid delivery anywhere in the world.

Prefabricated, functionally pre-tested modules

guarantee consistent quality and performance

and make on-site installation a matter of

assembling and connecting the modules.

Wärtsilä has the resources and capabilities

to carry out deliveries ranging from the supply

of equipment and engineering to complete

turnkey projects including engineering,

procurement and construction. A globally

experienced project organization guarantees

successfully executed deliveries around the

world.

One of the benefi ts of Wärtsilä’s modular

plant concept is the unique fl exibility of

PISTICCI, ITALYType of customer ........... Industry - IPPEngine type ....... 4 x Wärtsilä 18V34SGTotal electrical output...............22 MWTotal heat output ...................17.3 MWTotal effi ciency ............................ 74%

operation enabled by the cascading multi-

engine structure of the plants. Multi-unit

installations provide load fl exibility: extra

generating sets can be turned off, while the

plant continues to run at peak effi ciency with

as many units as required.

As needs change, the design of the plants

makes it possible to increase the plant size in

stages by adding new engines. This also allows

for a smaller initial investment with the option

to expand later as required.

Wärtsilä 20V34SG

Engine Auxiliary Module (EAM)

CHP module

5

CombinedSCR/OXI-CAT

+15,500

CHP-module Engine-generator set

Radiator

22,500

(option)

Pre-engineered and pretested modules minimizes construction time and maximize reliability.

TOWN CONCEPT EXAMPLEWhen the plant is situated in the middle of a city or an industrial plant site, the layout is more compact and the protective shielding is stronger. The two fl oor plant lay-out allows a small and compact footprint. The exterior of the plant and possible architectural design of the power house has also to be suited to its surroundings. The emission levels have to be kept very low with effective emission reduction systems and heavy-duty silencers have to be installed to eliminate any noice problems.

MONOPOLI, ITALYEngines: 6 x Wärtsilä 18V46 + Steam turbineOutput: 100 MWe (engines) + 11 MWe (turbine)Fuel: Liquid biofuel (mainly palm oil)Emission control: SCR NOX abatement

FIELD CONCEPT EXAMPLEWhere the building site is ample and not situated in the midst of a densely populated area, the single fl oor plant layout with an overall lower plant profi le is used. The main heat recovery system is situated outside the main engine hall, either under a separate roof or as weatherproof equipment.

+10,950

21,250

Exhaust gas silencer

Exhaust gas boiler

CHP-module Engine-generator set

COGEN FOR MAXIMUM STEAM GENERATION

Steamconsumer

CAC 1 and 2

BurnerElectricity

LOW-PRESSURE STEAM GENERATION FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

Steamconsumer

Hot waterconsumer(optional)

Steam generator

Lube oil cooler

CAC 1 and 2

Electricity

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capacity or temperature in the industrial

process or the district heating network. Such

a plant is very suitable when all the heat and

power it produces can be used for either heat

or processing purposes.

To optimize the balance between thermal

and electrical energy production, each plant is

customized to suit the needs of the end user.

Whether it is hot water for district heating,

POWERFUL CHOICESThe high efficiency of Wärtsilä’s CHP plants

translates into considerable savings in fuel

costs compared to other technologies. For

optimized balance and profitability, the

plants are customized to the customer’s

specific needs.

A decentralized combined heat and

power plant increases the reliability of

energy supply in the neighbourhood. Total

energy production is local and close to the

point of consumption. Local heat generation

ensures a quick response to changes in

industrial process steam or even chilled

water, Wärtsilä provides a design that ensures

maximum efficiency and the best possible

overall solution. The automation system not

only controls all the internal processes in

the Wärtsilä CHP plant but is also carefully

integrated with all necessary signals and

connections to existing systems to guarantee a

fully compatible plant.

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1-stageabsorption

chiller

CAC1/jacket water

Lube oil cooler

95-105 °C

80-90 °C

70-105 °C

45-55 °C

Circulation pump

Hot wateror districtheating

Electricity

7 °C

12 °C

Chilled wateror district cooling

Boiler

HOT WATER GENERATION FOR DISTRICT HEATING APPLICATIONS

UJPALOTA, HUNGARYType of customer ...........................IPPEngine type ....... 3 x Wärtsilä 20V34SGTotal electrical output.............20 MWeTotal heat output ................19.2 MWthTotal efficiency ......................... 84.6%

TRI-GENERATIONTypical tri-generation solution for airports

RINGKØBING, DENMARK: Type of customer ....................... UtilityEngine type ....... 1 x Wärtsilä 20V34SGTotal electrical output..............7.9 MWTotal heat output .....................9.7 MWTotal effi ciency ....................... 96.45%

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ENGINE TECHNOLOGYA reciprocating engine is the most effi cient

means of converting liquid or gaseous fuels

into energy.

The Wärtsilä CHP plant can run on most

natural gas types, heavy and light fuel oils, and

emulsifi ed fuels. Dual-fuel engines give added

reliability to the CHP plant, since they can use

whichever fuel is available at the lowest cost.

The Wärtsilä 20V34SG engine featuresthe latest design in gas technology.

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Wärtsilä reciprocating gas engines offer stable output and high performance in hot and dry conditions. No water consumed for plant cooling = remote area suitability!

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Ambient temperature (°C)

Industrial gas turbine

Wärtsilä 20V34SG(radiator cooling)

Aeroderivate gas turbine

Source: GE Ger-3567 Ger-3695; Wärtsilä perf

Derating due to cooling water temperature.(Derating due to inlet air temperature starts at 45 °C)

Dera

ting

fact

or

Diesel operationGD operationSG operation Dual-fuel operation

ENGINE WORKING PRINCIPLES

The heart of Wärtsilä’s generating sets is

Wärtsilä’s reliable engine technology, the result

of long experience of demanding marine and

power plant applications. All Wärtsilä engines

have a simple and straightforward modern

design with facilities for easy and rapid on-site

maintenance.

Wärtsilä’s aim is to ensure that customers

obtain the best possible performance from

their power plant investment throughout its

lifecycle. After all, who could be better at this

than the people who designed and built the

plant?

Wärtsilä provides a comprehensive range

of services built on the concept of enhancing

the customer’s profitability by optimizing all

aspects of the power plant operation.

The services range from rapid spare

parts delivery to a complete operation and

maintenance partnership, allowing the

customer to focus on their core business.

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Typical interior and design of a control room in Wärtsilä power plants.

Wärtsilä Operations & Maintenance currently

runs more than 130 plants around the world,

making it the world’s leading power plant O&M

contractor.

If customers choose to operate the plant

themselves, they can still rest assured that

they have the best possible support available

as and when needed – from training and

on-line support to service packages or plant

modernization and upgrading. Wärtsilä’s

global network is always ready to make sure

the power plant performs flawlessly, free

of breakdowns and unwanted downtime

throughout its lifetime.

CUSTOMER CARE

GYÖR, HUNGARYType of customer ............. MunicipalityEngine type ....... 3 x Wärtsilä 18V34SGTotal electrical output.............19 MWeTotal heat output ................16.4 MWthTotal efficiency ......................... 82.9%

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Wärtsilä’s combined cycle solutions with

reciprocating engines reach plant efficiencies

far above 50%. This is achieved by recovering

energy from the otherwise wasted heat

produced in thermal power plants, either by

COMBINED CYCLE SOLUTIONSusing a conventional steam bottoming cycle

recovering hot exhaust gases or an organic

rankine cycle recovering heat from sources

with lower temperatures.

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BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAINIn 2003, AENA, the Spanish Airport Authority, called for bids to supply thermal and electrical energy to the major Barajas airport in Madrid under a twenty-year power purchase agreement. The trigeneration plant, generating a net electric power of 33 MW, is connected to the airport’s internal grid and to the public grid. The plant provides electricity continuously, as well as heating during the winter and cooling during the summer.

Engines ...............................................................6 x Wärtsilä 18V32DFTotal electrical output .......................................................... 33600 kWe

Total heat output ............................................................... 24,000 kWth

Total absorption cooling output ............................................ 18,000kWc

Total efficiency .............................................................................. 74%

LINATE AIRPORT, MILAN, ITALYType: .......................................... Industrial self generation, TrigenerationEngines ...............................................................3 x Wärtsilä 20V34SGTotal electrical output ...............................................................24 MWeTotal heat output ................................................................. 17.5 MWthTotal efficiency .......................................................................... 80.2 %Fuel:................................................................................... Natural gasDelivered: .................................................................................... 2007

THE SINGLE-SOURCE SUPPLIER THAT STAYS WITH YOU

Wärtsilä has the resources and capabilities

to carry out deliveries ranging from the

supply of equipment and basic engineering to

complete turnkey projects including financing,

engineering, procurement, construction,

operation and maintenance.

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THE WÄRTSILÄ TOWN CONCEPT is a

Combined Heat & Power (CHP) plant for

decentralized energy production. Located in

built-up areas close to consumers providing

both heat and power. These facilities have

a high level of performance, comply with

all environmental regulations – particularly

noise emissions – and are designed to

Module for hot water generation

Cooling radiators

Lubrication oil tank

Control room

Transformer

Engine exhaust outlet

Engine generator set

Exhaust stacks

Exhaust gas boiler

District heating pump

Engine air intake fi lters

THIS IS NOT THE FUTURE. THIS IS TODAY.

blend smoothly into the surrounding urban

architecture. As the heat recovery system

and other auxiliaries are built into functional

modules surrounding the engine, Town

Concept plants have a small footprint.

Town Concept CHP plants can also easily

be expanded as the demand for power and

heat grows.

Feed and return for district

Wärtsilä 34SG

Wärtsilä 34DF

Wärtsilä 50DF

Gas engines

Dual-fuel engines (gaseous fuel/liquid fuel)

Liquid fuel (LFO, HFO, CRO, emulsified, LBF)

Wärtsilä 20

Wärtsilä 32

Wärtsilä 46

MW 1 5 10 50 100 300 500

LFO = light fuel oilHFO = heavy fuel oil

CRO = crude oilLBF = liquid biofuel

Wärtsilä 32GD

Boiler and absorption chillers at Madrid’s Barajas airport, Spain.

POWER PLANT OUTPUT RANGE

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Performance data as guidelines for CHP calculations – Wärtsilä gas fuelled generating sets at 50 and 60 Hz

Performance data Wärtsilä gas engines at frequency 50 Hz

Wärtsilä gas engines at frequency 60 Hz

Engine 9L34SG 16V34SG 20V34SG 20V34DF 18V50DF 9L34SG 16V34SG 20V34SG 20V34DF 18V50DF

Gas mode

Liquid fuel

mode

Gas mode

Liquid fuel

mode

Gas mode

Liquid fuel

mode

Gas mode

Liquid fuel

modeEngine optimization: NOX (dry @ 15 vol-% O2)

mg/Nm3 95–190* 95–190* 95–190* 190–380*1460–2000* (LFO) 1600–2000 (HFO)

190–380* 2000* 95–190* 95–190* 95–190* 190–380*1460–2000* (LFO) 1600–2000 (HFO)

190–380* 2000*

Electric power kW 3888 6970 8730 8730 8730 16621 16621 3758 6737 8439 8439 8439 17076 17076

Heat rate 1) kJ/kWh 7817 7753 7737 8036 8127 7616 8185 7817 7753 7737 8036 8127 7616 8186

Efficiency 1) % 46.1 46.4 46.5 44.8 44.3 47.3 44.0 46.1 46.4 46.5 44.8 44.3 47.3 44.0

Cooling circuit inlet/outlet 2) °C 36/59 36/66 36/67 36/69 36/77 36/68 42/83 36/58 36/65 36/66 36/68 36/75 36/68 42/85

– HTCAC temperature inlet/outlet °C 42/52 45/57 46/58 47/59 49/65 45/59 54/72 42/52 45/56 45/57 46/58 48/64 45/59 55/73

– Cylinder temperature inlet/outlet °C 84/91 82/91 82/91 81/91 83/91 80/85 79/85 84/91 83/91 82/91 81/91 83/91 80/85 78/85

– Lubrication oil circuit inlet/outlet °C 63/74 63/76 63/77 63/78 63/80 63/74 63/78 63/74 63/76 63/76 63/78 63/79 63/74 63/78

– LTCAC temperature inlet/outlet °C 36/37 36/38 36/39 36/39 36/41 36/38 42/46 36/37 36/38 36/38 36/39 36/40 36/38 42/46

Charge air flow ± 5% kg/s 6.2 11.1 13.8 14.1 17.5 26.2 32.5 6.0 10.7 13.4 13.5 16.7 26.1 32.5

Exhaust gas flow ± 5% kg/s 6.4 11.4 14.2 14.5 17.9 27.0 33.5 6.2 11.0 13.8 13.9 17.2 26.6 33.5

Exhaust gas temp. ± 15 °C 400 400 400 380 335 400 377 400 400 400 380 335 401 369

Exhaust gas energy ± 10% kW 2657 4733 5924 5714 5975 11016 12705 2567 4572 5722 5486 5718 11379 12415

Cooling circuit-energy ± 10% kW 1929 3436 4294 4595 5631 7403 9504 1868 3322 4147 4432 5404 7409 9991

– HTCAC energy ± 10% kW 840 1405 1723 1710 2238 3237 4129 817 1369 1680 1659 2168 3219 4117

– Cylinder cooling energy ± 10% kW 560 1005 1254 1404 1587 2101 2514 540 965 1214 1354 1517 2238 2925

– Lubrication oil energy ± 10% kW 424 761 961 1065 1149 1528 1967 414 741 920 1035 1108 1538 2048

– LTCAC energy ± 10% kW 105 265 357 416 662 542 884 97 247 333 384 611 539 901

Heat losses by radiation ± 20% kW 130 230 290 350 350 630 670 120 220 280 340 340 640 670

Note: Heat and mass balances are dependent on ambient conditions and plant application, above given figures are for guidance only and calculated at ISO 3046 reference conditions; 25°C ambient temperature, 100m above sea level and 30% relative humidity.1) Heat rate and electrical efficiency at generator terminals, including engine-driven pumps, ISO 3046 conditions and LHV. Tolerance 5%. Power factor 0.8. Gas Methane Number >80

2) Single-circuit cooling system. * Adjustable NOX range according to local requirements. Heat rates given at the marked NOX optimization level. Heat rates at other NOX optimization levels to be checked case by case. Note! 1 ppm-v dry @ 15% O2 » 2.054 mg/Nm3 dry @ 15% O2, NOX calculated as NO2, Nm3 defined at NTP (273.15 K and 101.3 kPa).

Performance data as guidelines for CHP calculations – Wärtsilä liquid fuelled generating sets at 50 and 60 Hz

Performance data Wärtsilä diesel engines at frequency 50 Hz

Wärtsilä diesel engines at frequency 60 Hz

Engine 9L20 12V32 16V32 18V32 20V32 18V46 9L20 12V32 16V32 18V32 20V32 18V46

Engine optimization: NOX (dry @ 15 vol-% O2)

ppm-vol

710*-780 710*-970 710*-970 710*-970 710*-970 900*-970 710*-780 710*-970 710*-970 710*-970 710*-970 900*-970

Electric power kW 1539 5327 7124 8032 8924 17076 1454 5211 6970 7841 8730 17076

Heat rate 1) kJ/kWh 8604 7880 7856 7840 7840 7698 8561 7880 7856 7861 7840 7698

Efficiency 1) % 41.8 45.7 45.8 45.9 45.9 46.8 42.0 45.7 45.8 45.8 45.9 46.8

High temperature circuit inlet/outlet °C 84/91 79/96 80/96 80/96 80/96 80/91 84/91 80/96 80/96 80/96 80/96 80/91

– HTCAC temperature inlet/outlet °C 87/96 87/96 88/96 87/96 83/91 87/96 87/96 88/96 88/96 83/91

– Cylinder temperature inlet/outlet °C 84/91 79/87 80/87 80/88 80/87 80/83 84/91 80/87 80/87 80/88 80/88 80/83

Low temperature circuit inlet/outlet °C 34/47 38/49 38/49 38/49 38/49 42/55 34/48 38/49 38/49 38/49 38/49 42/55

– Lubrication oil circuit inlet/outlet °C 63/78 63/77 63/78 63/78 63/79 63/80 63/77 63/77 63/78 63/78 63/79 63/80

– LTCAC temperature inlet/outlet °C 34/44 38/43 38/43 38/43 38/43 42/47 34/44 38/43 38/43 38/43 38/43 42/47

Charge air flow ± 5% kg/s 3.5 10.2 13.6 15.3 17.0 31.6 3.3 9.7 13.0 14.6 16.2 31.6

Exhaust gas flow ± 5% kg/s 3.6 10.5 14.0 15.7 17.5 32.5 3.4 10.0 13.3 15.0 16.7 32.7

Exhaust gas temperature ± 15 °C 303 347 348 349 349 346 302 352 352 354 354 344

Exhaust gas heat ± 10% kW 1052 3629 4849 5472 6082 11212 991 3515 4698 5306 5897 11222

High temperature circuit-energy ± 10% kW 371 1891 2453 2726 3030 5135 345 1805 2427 2654 2949 5141

– HTCAC energy ± 10% kW 1044 1319 1443 1604 3484 971 1309 1388 1543 3490

– Cylinder cooling energy ± 10% kW 371 847 1134 1283 1426 1651 345 834 1118 1266 1407 1651

Low temperature circuit-energy ± 10% kW 832 1246 1668 1885 2093 3750 776 1205 1623 1829 2032 3753

– Lubrication oil energy ± 10% kW 246 657 877 988 1097 2249 221 646 862 972 1080 2249

– LTCAC energy ± 10% kW 586 589 791 897 996 1501 556 559 761 857 951 1504

Heat losses by radiation ± 20% kW 68 185 247 278 308 451 68 180 240 270 300 451

Note: Heat and mass balances are dependent on ambient conditions and plant application, above given figures are for guidance only and calculated at ISO 3046 reference conditions; 25°C ambient temperature, 100m above sea level and 30% relative humidity.1) Electrical output at generator terminals, including engine-driven pumps at 100% load. ISO conditions and LHV (42700 kJ/kg). Tolerance 5 %. Power factor 0.8.

* Adjustable NOX range according to local requirements. Heat rates given at the marked NOX optimization level. Heat rates at other NOX optimization levels to be checked case by case. Note! 1 ppm-v dry @ 15% O2 » 2.054 mg/Nm3 dry @ 15% O2, NOX calculated as NO2, Nm3 defined at NTP (273.15 K and 101.3 kPa).

WÄRTSILÄ® is a registered trademark. Copyright © 2005 Wärtsilä Corporation.

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WÄRTSILÄ® is a registered trademark. Copyright © 2009 Wärtsilä Corporation.

Wärtsilä is a global leader in complete lifecycle power solutions for the

marine and energy markets. By emphasising technological innovation

and total efficiency, Wärtsilä maximises the environmental and economic

performance of the vessels and power plants of its customers.

In 2008, Wärtsilä’s net sales totalled EUR 4.6 billion with 19,000 employees.

The company has operations in 160 locations in 70 countries around the

world. Wärtsilä is listed on the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki, Finland.