CHIN103 10B-2

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II. shngdin: Store

Tng-Shu: Listening & Speaking

1. Pzi: Stores We generally go to a store to buy things

shngdin store; shop

pzi store; shop [*Generally referring to smaller shngdin]

There are stores that sell a special line of merchandise:

shdin bookstore

? wnjdin stationary store

wnjdin toy store

fzhungdin clothing store

hudin flower shop

There are also the stores that market special features such as carrying a wide range of merchandize or offers convenient shopping:

bihu din general store [literally: hundred-

merchandise store] binl shngdin convenience store [*Neighborhood store

with shorter cashier lines]

(1)

N q nr mi b? Where do you go to buy pens?

?

W q wnjdin mi b. I go to a stationary store to buy pens. (2)

Nmen q nr mi yf? Where do you go to buy clothes?

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Wmen ky q fzhungdin, y ky q bihugngs mi yf. We may go to a clothing shop, and we may also go to a department store to buy clothes.

(3)

Nini hwnle, znme bn? Milk is all gone. What should we do?

Mi wnt! W xinzi q binl shngdin mi ba. No problem! Ill go to the convenience store to get some now.

2. Shngchng: Shopping Mall

When the market grows, we start to have shopping malls that have many stores clustered together for one-stop shopping of a great variety of goods:

shngchng Shopping mall; shopping center

shngchng Shopping center

bihu gngs department store [bigger and higher-end store than bihu din]

guwzhngxn Shopping center

(1) [ xn: new]

Wji nr yu yge xnde shngchng. Xing q nr gungguang ma? There is a new shopping mall near my home. How about going there for some window-shopping?

Ho a! W tngshu nr yu yji mi dinwn de shngdin. Sounds good! I heard that there is a shop selling video games over there.

(2)

N sh yge guw zhngxn. Lmin yu hojge bihu gngs. That is a Shopping Center. There are a good number of department stores in it.

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For our daily necessities, we have marketplace and comprehensive marketplace:

shchng market

chosh supermarket

(3)

Qngwn, nr ky mido ryngpn? Could you tell me where can I get some household daily supplies?

Xuxiode shdin yuxi ryngpn. N y ky q chosh h bihugngs mi. The school bookstore has some household daily supplies. You may also go to a supermarket or department store to buy them.

To facilitate modern living for busy people, more and stores are offering online shopping:

wngshng guw online shopping

(4)

N sh xhun q shngdin midngxi hish xhun shngwng midngxi? Do you like to go to a store to buy things or go online to buy things?)

Wngshng guw ti fngbin le. W xinzi hnsho q shngdin midongxi. Online shopping is so convenient. Now I rarely go to a store to buy things.

shngwng go online; get on the internet

fngbin convenient

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D-Xi: Reading and Writing

1.

1) din: store; shop The character is generally understood as a phono-semantic combination with (shelter; hut) indicating its meaning category and (pronounced zhn in modern Mandarin) approximating its pronunciation.

shdin bookstore

? wnjdin stationary store

wnjdin toy store

fzhungdin clothing store

bihudin general store, department store

wjndin hardware store [Literally: five-metal store]

Shng zhngxu yhu, w hn sho q wnjdin le. After starting high school, I have rarely gone to the toystores.

?

Wmen xuxio de shdin mi sh, mi wnj, y mi yfu h ryngpn. The bookstore at our school sells book, stationaries, and also sells clothes and household supplies.

Nige wjndin yu hndu yuyng de gngj. That hardware store has many useful tools.

2) shng: business

( ?) ( ?) ( ) ( ) The meaning of the character has been interpreted as deriving from its components: (speech) and (inside), as to express ones inner feelings (by Wieger as quoted in the Wenlin Program). Looking at the ancient graphs of the ? script, we may interprete the images as portraying a table with people on two sides of it. If that is a reasonable reading of the graphs, it may explain the roots of the characters meaning of negotiation, consultation, or discussion.

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shngrn merchant; businessman

shngdin store; shop

shngpn commodity; goods; merchandise

shngxuyun Business School

chshng tea merchant

shngchng shopping mall; business world; market

T zi wmen dxu de shngxuyun shngxu. He goes to school at our universitys Business School.

T fqin sh shngrn. Tmen kile yji hn d de ryngpn shngdin. His father is a businessman. They run a big household supplies store.

3) s: manage; operate; take charge of ( ?) ( ?) ( ) ( )

The ancient graphs are generally understood as verbally announce orders. The character has been used for the meaning of duty or charge.

gngs company

bihu gngs department store

sf administration of justice

sj driver; chauffeur; [literally: operating a machine]

T zi yji fzhung gngs gngzu. T sh niji gngs desj. He works for a clothing company. He is a driver for that company.

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4) sh: market; city

? The ancient graphs may indicate the hustling and bustling of people coming and going and making noises or illustrating a trading activity between two parties. While there is no all-agreed-upon explanation, it is generally agreed, however, that the character was used for the meaning of market, a central location where people gathered to meet, chat, and trade. In current combinations/words including the character , one or more of these meanings still play the central role.

shchng market

shngsh go on the market; become available in the market

xish go off the market; unseasonal

nish bull market

choj shchng supermarket

chosh supermarket

hush flower market

hish black market

Tmen yqin q cichng mi ci, q hush mi hu. Xinzi tmen mi ci mi hu d q chosh. (Before, they went to the food market to shop for food, to the flower market to buy flowers. Now for buying both food and flowers, they go to the supermarket.)

Yqin bici shngsh yhu, tmen ji tintin ch bici. Xinzi chosh tintin yu bici. (Before, their family ate cabbage everyday after it got on to the market. Now cabbage is always available at the supermarket.)

2.

5) xn: new ? ?

The ancient graphs depict an axe toward a tree, to chop wood to produce firewood. This could be the earlier form for (firewood). Then, firewood is used to make new food, thus the meaning of new.

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xnshng new life; rebirth; regeneration

xnshng new student [abbreviated from ]

xnnin new year

xn yfu new clothes

xn fngzi new house

xnfng bridal chamber

xnxin fresh

Tde sh sh xnde, shbo ysh xnde. Xn shbo l yu hndu xnsh. His books are new, his book-bag is also new. Inside the new book-bag there are many new books.

T shngri de ni tin t mma gi t mile yjin xn yfu. On the day of his birthday, his mom bought a new clothes for him.

Jnnin de xnshng zh de ssh sh y dng xn fngzi. The dorm in which this years new students live is a new building.

Zhige ru b xnxin, bi mi! This meat is not fresh. Dont buy it!

6) ji: old; used; worn ? ?

The ancient scripts consistently depict a bird over some vessel-like thing. It is not certain about the original meaning that associated with these images. It might have referred to a bird or the nest of the bird. We are also uncertain how the current meanings of the character, old; used; worn, were developed. A mnemonics here: a bird nest that is under the grassold and worn. As we already learned that the top componentis grass, the middle component is a short-tailed bird, and, now, the lower component may be a nest, this mnemonics may help us remember how to write the complex character by connecting the components.

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ji: mortar

We do not find the earlier forms of the character in the ? or ? scripts. Therefore it may not be logical to consider as the earlier form or as the phonetic indicator of .

loji old and worn out; old styled

jiyfu old clothes; used clothes; worned clothes

jisxing old-fashioned ideas

W xhun chun ji yfu. Chun xn yfu miyu chun ji yfu shfu. I like to wear old clothes. Wearing new clothes is not as comfortable as wearing old clothes.

3.

7) gu: valuable; expensive

( ?)

( ?)

( )

( )

The ancient ? graph above shows two hands over earth or soil, possibly expressing the idea of pointing, nurturing or taking care of something precious. In some of the graphs, the image of (cowry or currency) was added and such image remains in later scripts.

guxng honorable family name

bogu valuable; precious

Qngwn, nn guxng? May I ask your honorable family name?

W xng Wng, jio Wng Yfng, boydey, dfngdefng. My family name is Wang and my name is Wang Yufang: the character yu as in the word baoyu and the character fang as in the word difang.

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Nn mi bom ma? Are you buying a BMW?

B! bom tigu, w bmi. No! BMW is too expensive, Im not buying it.

W miyou qin mi gu dngxi. W mi btigude dngxi. I dont have money to buy very expensive things. Ill buy things that are not too expensive.

Xixie djide bogu yjin. Thanks to all for your valuable ideas/suggestions.

8) hu: goods; commodity ( ) ( )

The character is gerenally understood as a phono-semantic combination with its component indicating its meaning category and (pronounced hu in modern Mandarin) approximating its pronunciation. We may, however, also want to consider a different explanation of the meaning of the character. Considering the formation of the character as associative combination of two meaning-contributing components: change ( ) and currency ( ). Through a trading activity, currency may be changed to goods and goods may be changed to currency. Furthermore, the earlier meanings of the character also include trade and buy and sell as well as goods.

shuhu smuggled goods; unauthorized goods

rshuhu second-hand goods; used goods

jihu secondhand goods; used goods; junk

bihu general merchandise

What is the literal meaning of ? __________________________

Nmen mibumi Pnggu shuj? Do you sell Apple cellphones?

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Wmen mi Pnggu shuj, ksh xinzi miyuhu. Nn mi yge Snxng de ba. Yes, we do sell Apple cellphones, but they are now out of stock. Why dont you buy a Samsung one.

Zh ji mi jihu de shngdin yu hndu btiji de rshuhu. Jiqian bgu, dngxi y bcu. This used-goods store has many not too old secondhand stuff. The price is not expensive and quality is pretty good.

9) ji: price; value

The character is generally understood as a phono-semantic combination, with (human; person) representing its meaning category and (pronounced ji in modern Mandarin) approximating its pronunciation. It is likely that this character is a later development of the following.

ji; g: merchant; (family name) The earlier meaning of this character is more easily traceable. The meaning of this character, merchant, is closely related to (cowry; currency) and its pronunciation is related to the its top component (while no longer used as an independent character, it carries the pronunciation of xi).

jiqin price

jingji bargain; haggle

toji hunji haggle over price

b rji fixed price

shngg merchant

Ji boy one of the key characters in the novel Hnglu Mng (Dream

of the Red Chamber)

W xhun q b'rji de shngdin mi dngxi. Tmende jiqin gu dinr, ksh yu xnyng. I like to go to buy things at the stores with fixed prices. Their price may be a little higher but they are trustworthier.

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10) gu: purchase The character is a phono-semantic combination, with (cowry; currency) indicating its meaning category and (pronounced gu in modern Mandarin) indicating its pronunciation.

gumi

purchase [a literary form for ]

gumil purchasing power

guhu purchase commodities

dinhu guhu purchasing goods through telephone order

wngshng guhu online shopping

Niji fngw zhngji gngs hn yu xnyng. xing gumi fngw de rn du xin q nli. (That housing intermediary company has good reputation. All those who plan to buy a house go there first.)

_

Yng dinhu guhu h wngshng guhu fngsh mi dngxi de rn yuliyu du. More and more people are buying things through telephone order or online purchase.

Bnd dngfng shpn shngdin de kren yuliyu du. Tmen de jiqin shbush yuli yugu? The customers of the local Asian food store are getting more and more. Is their price also getting more and more expensive?

yuliyu more and more

11) bin: convenient ?

Clear etymology is not available.

fngbin convenient

fngbinmin instant noodles

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M. Chu, 30

pin: comfortable

piny cheap

Fngbinmin hn fngbin, y hn pinyi. Instant noodles are very convenient (to fix) and also very cheap.

12) l: sharp; benefit; profit ? ?

binl easy; convenient

binl shngdin convenience store

lyng use; utilize

Q binl shngdin mi dngxi hn fngbin, ksh nr de dngxi b pinyi. It convenient to buy things at the convenience store, but things there are not cheap.

Ll lyng jiq q knle tde ninai, y q shngchng mile hndu xn yf. Lele used her vacation time to visit her grandma and also to go to the shopping mall and bought many new clothes.

T xing lyng t fqin de gunxi zi shngchng zho yge gngzu. She wishes to use her fathers connection t o find a job at the shopping mall.

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Linx: Exercises

1. Bhu jigu: Character Strokes and Structures

(1) Traditional Characters: Trace and write to become familiar with the structure of characters

din: store shng: business s: manage; in charge sh: city; town

: bookstore : store; shop : company : market

xn: new ji: old gu: valuable; expensive hu: goods

: new year : old clothes

: valuable : general merchandise

ji: price gu: purchase bin: convenient l: benefit; profit

: price : purchase : convenient : convenient

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1. Bhu jigu: Character Strokes and Structures

(2) Simplified Characters: Trace and write to become familiar with the structure of characters

din: store shng: business s: manage; in charge sh: city; town

: bookstore : store; shop : company : market

xn: new ji: old gu: valuable; expensive hu: goods

: new year : old clothes

: valuable : general merchandise

ji: price gu: purchase bin: convenient l: benefit; profit

: price : purchase : convenient : convenient

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Notes on Character Simplification:

1. Adopting the method of (cosh kihu): Using the short-hand cursive style ( cosh) of a traditional full-form character or character component but linearizes the connected or tangled strokes into independent standard style ( kish) stroke lines.

is simplified to is simplified to

2. Adopting the method of (jb shnch):

Deleting certain component of the traditional character

is simplified to

The simplified character keeps only the component (jade) under (roof) and deletes the other two components, (container) and (cowry; currency), of the traditional character .

3. Multiple levels of processes may have been involved in the simplification of certain characters. There is no certainty how the character is simplified to . It is possible that was first reduced to , a component that carries the same pronunciation, and then further simplied by using two easier to write components, one verticle line and commonly known character .

is simplified to

4. Adopting the method of (xnzo xngshngz): Forming a new semantic-phonetic character (having one component representing the semantic category and another component representing the sound value of the new character) with simple components.

is simplified to is simplified to

The simplification of the character also includes the (cosh kihu) process first to simplify to , before changing the phonetic component from gu gu.

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2. C y duyng: Matching words with meaning

Write the Chinese equivalent of the following in characters

bookstore: __________________ stationary store _______________ toy store _______________ food store: _______________ clothing store: ________________ department store: _____________ store; shop: ________________ merchant: _______________ merchandise: ________________ Business School: _________________ shopping mall: ________________ market: _________________ new year: ________________ fresh: _________________ new house: ________________ bridal chamble: _________________ old clothes ________________ old ideas: _________________ valuable: ________________ second-hand goods: _________________ price: ________________ fixed price: _________________ purchase: ________________ purchasing power: _________________

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3. Hud wnt: Answer Questions Work with a language partner and take turn to ask and answer these questions. Record your conversation. Write your answers and translate them into English.

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6) [ binl: convinent]

7)

8) [ shngwng: get on the internet]