Chemistry Unit Review. The smallest particle that a compound with covalent bonds is called what? A molecule.

Chemistry UnitReview

The smallest particle that a compound with covalent

bonds is called what?

A molecule

When Ice Melts, is it a physical or chemical

reaction?

Physical

When a chemical reaction occurs, what happens to

the reactants?

They become something else

How many atoms are in H2CO3

(carbonic acid) in this equation?

____H2CO3 ____H2O + ___CO2

six

A campfire is an example of what kind of chemical

reaction?

exothermic

How many different kinds of elements are involved in this reaction?

____H2CO3 ____H2O + ___CO2

three

What law of science dictates that chemical

equations must be balanced?

Law of conservation of Matter (mass)

The atomic number of an element tells us

what about it?

The number of protons

What do we call the electrons found in the outermost energy levels of atoms?

Valence electrons

The term for the interaction of electrons

which hold atoms together is what?

Chemical bond

The identity of elements is defined by how many

___________ it has in its nucleus.

protons

A chemical bond that forms when electrons from one atom are transferred to another is called what?

Ionic bond

A chemical bond that forms when electrons from one atom are shared with one other atom is called what?

covalent bond

A chemical bond that forms when electrons from many

atoms are loosely shared with many other atoms is called

what?

Metallic bond

How many valence electrons are there in the elements in the Alkaline

Earth Metals family (group 2)?

2

Electrons are organized in atoms by what?

Energy levels

Numbers that would go in the blanks of this equation are called what?

____H2CO3 ____H2O + ___CO2

coefficients

How many valence electrons are there in

elements in the Oxygen family?

6

What do elements in the same group on the periodic

table have in common which gives them similar

chemical properties?

Number of valence electrons

The physical characteristic of being able to be drawn into wires without breaking is

known as what?

ductility

What ending is used for the names of ions formed when

atoms GAIN electrons?

- ide , like Chlorine (Cl) goes to Chloride when it gets an electron and becomes an ion (Cl-)

How many valence electrons are there in Bromine (Br)?

7

Repeating, 3 dimensional patterns of ions in the

structures of ionic bond substances is called what?

Crystal lattice

Elements such as nitrogen, which is found in its pure

form in nature in a molecule N2 , are called what kind of

elements?

Diatomic elements

What kind of bonding helps keep metals together so they are ductile and malleable?

Metallic bonds

Is this equation balanced?

____H2CO3 ____H2O + ___CO2

yes

In general, do metals have a high number of

valence electrons or a low number?

low

The physical characteristic of being able to be molded into shapes such as foil without breaking is known as what?

malleability

Most of the elements in the periodic table are what

kind of elements?

Metals

The periodic table is arranged by atomic

number, what was the first periodic table made by Medeleev arranged by?

Atomic Mass

The elements found in the same vertical columns on

the periodic table are known as what?

Groups or Families

The elements found in the same horizontal rows on

the periodic table are known as what?

Periods

Table salt contains elements from which two

families of elements?

Alkali Metals and Halogens

As you move up and down across the periodic table,

what happens to the chemical properties of the

elements?

They stay the same

Chlorine and Iodine, which are important

disinfectants, are in what family of elements?

Halogens

About 80% of the air we breath is made up of

which element?

Nitrogen

What are the two most reactive families

of elements?

Alkali metals and Halogens

An atom with the same number of protons, neutrons

and electrons has what electrical charge?

Zero or neutral

What is the only transition metal that is a liquid at

room temperature?

Mercury

How many valence electrons are there in the elements in the Carbon

family?

4

A +1 ion has 36 electrons, how many protons does it

have?

37

How many electrons are in the 1st energy level of

an atom with 43 electrons?

2

Barium (Ba) is most like which of the following

Elements?Na, Cl, O, Ag or Be

Be

How reactive is Radon Gas?

Not reactive

What are the two most reactive families

of elements?

Alkali metals and Halogens

Which is more reactive, Boron (B) or

Potassium (K)?

K

A substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical

means is known as what?

Element

When salt dissolves into water what kind of change

has taken place?

Physical

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

is known as what?

A mixture

A sample of matter made up entirely of either a single

element or a single compound that has definite chemical and physical properties is known as

what?

A pure substance

A homogeneous (all the same) mixture of two or more

substances uniformly dispersed through a single phase is known as what?

solution

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different

elements joined by chemical bonds is known as what?

A compound

In a solution, the substance that gets dissolved into the

solvent is called what?

solute

An element that has properties of both

metals and nonmetals is known as what?

metalloid

Sugar is put into water and it completely disappears. What

kind of mixture would you have?

solution

Which one of the following is NOT a mixture?

MilkSaltEggs

Butter

Salt

What kind of substance shows lower solubility in

liquids as the temperature of the liquid increases?

Gas

Is sodium chloride an element or a compound?

compound

Flammability is what kind of

property?

Chemical

The water in salt water is what part of the solution?

solvent

An element that conducts heat and electricity poorly

is known as what?

Non metal

The ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a

given temperature and pressure is called what?

Solubility

An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well is

called what?

Metal

Filtering could separate which of the following?

Sugar WaterMuddy Water

Ice Tea

Muddy Water

What happens to the properties of

elements when they form a compound?

They change

The physical forms of matter, which include

solid, liquid and gas are known as what?

States of Matter

The state of matter that has a definite volume but

not a definite shape is known as what?

Liquid

The measure of how hot or cold something is or a measure of

the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object is

known as what?

Temperature

An increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature

of the substance is known as what?

Thermal expansion

The change of state where a solid becomes a liquid is known as what?

melting

The state of matter that does not have a definite

volume or shape is known as what?

Gas

The state of matter in which the volume and

shape of a substance are fixed is known as what?

Solid

The change of state where a liquid becomes a

gas is known as what?

Evaporation

The change of state where a gas becomes a

liquid is known as what?

condensation

The change of state where a liquid becomes a solid is known as what?

freezing

The change of state where a solid becomes a gas is known as what?

sublimation

When water vapor cools and condenses, is the process

endothermic or exothermic?

exothermic

The boiling point of water is 1000C and the melting point is

00C, what is the freezing point of water in 0C?

00C

In a reaction/change where the substance in question gains heat

energy is the reaction endothermic or exothermic?

Endothermic

If 1 liter of water boils at 1000C, what temperature would 1000 liters of water

boil at?

1000C

When one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different

properties it is called what?

Chemical Change

Which physical property is a ratio between the mass and

volume of a substance

Density

If an element has 18 protons, how many

electrons will it have in a neutral or zero charge

state?

18

When water vapor condenses into liquid water,

what kind of change is taking place ?

Physical

Objects float or sink in fluids based on what

property?

density

The rate at which a substance conducts heat is

called what?

Thermal conductivity

How easily electricity moves through a substance is called

what?

Electrical conductivity

D=M/V is what relationship?

Density

In a graduated cylinder containing many liquid

layers, where is the most dense liquid found?

The bottom

Wooden spoons are used in cooking because they have a

very low what?

Thermal Conductivity

When two substances are mixed together and bubbles are produced, what kind of

change has taken place ?

Chemical

The quantity of heat required to raise a unit of mass of a

material 1 degree Centigrade (Celsius) is called what?

Specific heat

What happens to the properties of elements

when they form a mixture?

They stay the same