University of Tebessa Laboratoire des Matériaux Organiques et Hétérochimie Chemistry in us and for us Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1 Pr. Gouasmia Abdelkrim 8-10-2017
University of TebessaLaboratoire des Matériaux Organiques et
Hétérochimie
Chemistry in us and for us
Université Ferhat Abbas Sétif 1
Pr. Gouasmia Abdelkrim8-10-2017
Jabir IbnHayyan
(Geber)
An alchemistwhoseexperimental research laid to thebaseof chemistry.
He has been described as the father of early
chemistry
What is Chemistry ?
Chemistry
is a fascinating field of study
It allows to bring us to the heart of matter to
better understand and discover:
✓what atoms are
✓How do they get together to give mole cules?
✓By what types of reactions do they build the
world and living matter
✓It informs us about
the chemical natureof our
immediate surrounding envir onment
cellulose
(6aS,11bR)-7,11b-Dihydro-6H-indeno[2,1-c] chromene-3,6a,9,10-tetrol
✓It helps Understanding
the physical and
biological
Phenomena
that governs the world
wherewe live
Chemistry is also a Central Science
It’s a prerequisite for related sciences such as Biology, Pharmacy, Medicine, Biotechnology,
etc.
Our lives are dependent on Chemistry
Human beings (body, spirit and soul)are animated with life and intelligence.
The living matter (body)is a sophisticated composition
of Elements and Chemical Mole cules
for a body weighing 100kg, there are10.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000
atoms
The chemical elements, in human body, are diverse in nature and in quantity
and plays on important role.
Magnesium , for example:
It is important for the contraction and relaxation of muscles
Magnesium is involved in the synthesis of proteinand it assists certain enzymes
in the body
Over 300 enzymes requiremagnesium ions for their
catalytic action,
There are 4 major Organic molecules in our body
that govern our biological system
Organic molecules: Carbohydrates
main energy source for all living things .
There are two types of carbohydrates: Slow and Fast Sugars.
Organic molecules: Lipidsare compounds of fatty acids and
glycerols, Build up membranes
(long term energy storage)
Organic molecules: ProteinsHave many roles within living cells.
Make up the majority of our body; muscles, hair, skin, nails (do not produce energy)
Organic molecules: Nucleic Acidsare our genetic material (DNA and RNA)
They areformed of a chain of nucleotides containing a phosphate,an ose anda nitrogen base
For better or for worse, everything is chemical!
These organic molecules regulate all cells activities, such as the
muscular and nervous activity, digestion, respiration, reproduction
smell, taste, and even the emotional activity.,
If we take the taste activity, the four basic tastes
(sweet, salt, sour, and bitter) are due to a chemical recognition reactions with the
receptor cells located on the tongue
lemon orange
spicy
Some mole culesresponsible for different tastes
in the activity of the smellOlfaction,
the fragrant organic molecules give the sensation aromas and perfumes when they are detected by the nose as vapors
Geraniol .
HORMONES [They rule our lives]
are also organic molecules (Chemical Messengers)
secreted by the Endocrine GlandsThe
Hormones lead our behavior and emotionssuch,as:mania, happiness, excitement, stress,
fear
Dopaminefor example,
emits signals of happiness and pleasure;
Phenylethylamine
is produced when we are physically attracted by a person,
it reduces appetiteand sleep needs;
Other organic substances which are essential for our body vitality are vitamins.
Vitamin A For instance,
Promotes growth and improves vision; Its deficiency causes
alteration of the Epithelium and blindness.
Vitamin B12Is important
Inthe prevention
of pernicious anemia,
forthe balance of
the nervous system
in the synthesis
of DNA.
Organic chemistry is more than a Science. It is an art
that impacts all aspects and segments of our society.
•Chemistry Cure us through development of Synthetic Drugs, such antibiotics, antihistamines, anti-Tumors, etc.
•Feed us through productionof Agro-Food Industry, Such as Dairy Products,Synthetic Flavors, etc.
• Chemistry Cloth us through production of Synthetic Textiles,
such asNylon, Tergal, Plastics and Elastomers
Nylon
tergal (Dacron)
•Protect usthrough the production of Soaps, Detergents,
Insecticides and Pesticides
Chemistry Color and accommodate
our lives through production of
Paints, Cosmetics, Perfumes, Paper, etc. Argan oil
Contains 43 % oleic acid (Oméga -9)
36 % Linoleic acid (Oméga-6)
Without Chemistry
many activities
could not exist.
Hazards of ChemistryAs the chemistry can award a lot of benefits,
we can't ignore the damage provoked by its bad uses on man and environment
The best illustration of Chemistry damagesis the use of chemical weapons
in Palestine, Syria, Iraq
and colonial Algeria in the past.
On this day,Colonial France killed 45,000 Algerians in
setif, guelma and kharata
our congress is held in Setif: city of martyrs
Setif in 1945
Many fatal accidents have rooted the fear of chemical hazards
in the collective mind.
Even when we ask a schoolboy to sketch a chemist, the draft would probably be a bottle
bearing the label "Skull" or a crazy chemist woman With
bristly hair.
The famous chemistand Novelist
Primo Levisaid:
«Chemistry is an impartial, impassive,and pitiless judge who severelypunishes you for the slightest error»Italian Jew by birth, Born on July 31, 1919 in Turin and died on April 11, 1987 inTurin, is a doctor of Italian chemistry made famous by his book Si c'est un homme,in which he recounts his imprisonment during the year 1944 in the campconcentration and extermination of Auschwitz-Monowitz.
The chemical hazardis often sudden, unexpected and unfortunate event.
It announces itselfin the routine
with din or without din
As instance of chemical hazardwith din
•The explosion of the powder factory of Grenelle (Paris) in 1794, leaving 600 deads and 800 heavily wounded
In Bhopal, India, a plant releasesseveral tons of methylisocyanate, a highly toxicintermediate used in theproduction of insecticides;
On the other hand, we have chemical hazard without din (Silent disasters)
Some organic molecules like:
DDT,thalidomide, and CFC
were used in large-scale during the lastcentury, have provoked irreversible dramas onMan and the Environment.
DDTs
were used as insecticideshave been incriminated
for its disastrous pollutingimpact on nature
Thalidomide was used as a sedative, but the S-
enantiomer of the racemic mixture causedthousands malformations of limbs, by itsteratogenic function
The disasters caused by the thalidomide
CO2, CFC gaz and Climate deregulation
Excessive CO2 emissions due To human overconsumption of fossil fuels with an over-use of CFC gaseshave led to
Global warming.
these new phenomena
inevitably lead to an ecological disaster
such as
Floods and Droughts
To avoidthe decline
of humancivilization
the only salutary outcome today can only bethe use of other more
« sustainable and renewableenergy resources »
such as solar energyand biomass.
It is better to acceptHuman Impotence facing a chemistry
Andrather prepare efficient
plans to limit the consequences of the
disasters and hazards.
Even with its hideous facet, chemistry will remain
an essential vector of modernity,
the accident will also remainthe offering
too pay for the advancement of
chemistry and progress.
we are forced to live with chemistryin consensus
and find a compromise to reconcile the human will and forces of nature to limit the damage and make this world joyful and habitable.
A chemical transformation
is not only defined by its chemical performance or its cost,
but primarily by its en viron mental impact.
A serious alternative will be green chemistry, an ecological chemistry. It must reconcile safety requirements with the desire for more progress and more well-
being.
Application of recommendation of green chemistry
permits scientists have to tamemole cules in order to make them
less toxic, less aggressiveand less inhospitable.
the role of the chemists is capital to find creative ways of using Eco-friendly raw materials that are derived from
nature. That would require the use of catalytic processes, less resource waste processes, and above all the creation of more biodegradable
products.
To play this role, the chemist must master the tools of modern chemistry, equip himself with a solid training by understanding the basic aspects of chemistry, using didacticinstruments illustrated by diagrams
and representative figures with historicalreminders and technical inserts .
In conclusion, the teaching of chemistrycan not remain exclusively Verbal, but follow a new Path which must involve manipulations, with a very prolonged stay and really profitable in the laboratory,
Because chemistry is a labor,its space
a laboratory.
As a joke if someonelooks like them, it's my fault becausei’m not perfect, i annoyed you, i said
stupid things, but i will always love you