Chemistry

7/21/2019 Chemistry

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Global Technical InstituteL-2/26 Shah Faisal Colony No-2 Karachi, Pakistan,

Contact: +92213-4941!, +92321-23"3#62

MCQ’sFi$% &%ar Pa'%rs

1( )h% 'roc%ss in *hich a soli ir%ctly chan%s to $a'ors *ithot .%ltin is call% (

0$a'oration, Con%nsation, Sli.ation

2( )h% oiation n.%r o5 P in P3-4 is (

03+, +, 3-

3( )h% '7 o5 "(""1 8 7Cl is (

02, 4, 3

4( K 0 rat% constant is %'%n%nt on (

0t%.'%ratr%, conc%ntration, $ol.%

( )h% ni$%rsal inicator in *at%r sho*s th% color (

0r%, r%%n, l%

6( )h% '7 o5 loo is (

0#(3, !(4, (6

#( )h% oiation 'ot%ntial o5 hyro%n %l%ctro% is (

0"(" $olt, +"(#6$olt, -"(36$olt

!( ant. n.%r %scri%s th% sha'% o5 a .ol%cl%(

0Prici'al, ;i.thal, S'in

9( n orital can ha$% th% .ai.. n.%r o5 t*o %l%ctrons t *ith o''osit% s'in, it is call% (

0Pali<s clsion Princi'l%, 7n<s =l%, 5a Princi'l%

7/21/2019 Chemistry


1"( >h%n a-'articl% is %.itt% 5ro. th% ncl%s o5 raioacti$% %l%.%nt, th% .ass n.%r o5 th%ato. (

0?ncr%as%s, @%cr%as%s, @o%s not chan%

11( @issociation o5 Kcl3 is a 'roc%ss(

0=%$%rsil%, ?rr%$%rsil%

12( )h% %/. ratio o5 catho% rays is th% *h%n 7yro%n is tak%n in th% ischar%t%(

0Lo*%st, 7ih%st

13( )h% n%ati$% ion t%ns to %'an *ith th% o5 n%ati$% chan% on it(

0@%cr%as%s, ?ncr%as%s

14( ?onic co.'ons ha$% .%ltin 'oints(

0Lo*, 7ih

1( )h% allotro'ic 5or.s o5 an %l%.%nt ar% call% (

0Poly.or'hs, ?so.or'hs

16( solt% A%ro is %al to (

02#3(16BC, -2#3(16BC

1#( )h% co.'ons ha$in hyro%n on %n%rally ha$% oilin 'oints(

07ih, Lo*

1!( Sr5ac% t%nsion *ith th% ris% o5 t%.'%ratr%(

0?ncr%as%s, @%cr%as%s

19( 8%rcry 5or.s .%niscs in a lass t%(

0conca$%, con$%

2"( )h% r%actions *ith th% hih $al% o5 %n%ry o5 acti$ation ar% (

0slo*, 5ast21( 2(""" has/ha$% sini5icant 5ir%0s(

01, 4

22( + P is call% (

0ntro'y, nthal'y

7/21/2019 Chemistry


23( )h% short%r th% on l%nth in a .ol%cl%, th% *ill % on %n%ry(

0L%ss%r, Dr%at%r

24( Positi$% rays ar% 'roc% 5ro. (

0ano%, Catho%, ?oni;ation o5 as in a ischar% t%2( o5 th% 5ollo*in contains th% 5%*%r n.%r o5 .ol%cl%s(

01 . o5 hyro%n, 4 . o5 oy%n, 2 . o5 nitro%n

26( th% tr% stat%.%nt aot th% a$%ra% s'%% o5 th% .ol%cl%s o5 hyro%n, oy%n annitro%n con5in% in a contain%r is (

07yro%n is ick%r, y%n is ick%r, )h% .ol%cl%s o5 all th% as%s ha$% th% sa.% a$%ra%s'%%

2#( )h% corr%ct stat%.%nt aot th% lass is (

0?t is crystallin% soli, ?ts ato.s ar% arran% in an or%rly 5ashion, ?t is a s'%r cool% lii

2!( >h%n a sstanc% that has asor% %n%ry %.its it in th% 5or. o5 raiation th% s'%ctr.otain% is (

0Continos S'%ctr., Lin% S'%ctr., .ission S'%ctr.

29( o5 th% o$%rla' 5or.s stron on(

0S-S, P-S, P-P

3"( co.'on has a r%at%r anl% %t*%%n a co$al%nt on(072, N73, C2

31( >h%n soi. chlori% is .i% in *at%r th%n (

0'7 is chan%, Na7 an 7Cl ar% 5or.%, Soi. an chlori% ions %co.% hyrat%

32( )h% oilin 'oint o5 a lii *ith an incr%as% in 'r%ssr%(

0@%cr%as%s, ?ncr%as%s, r%.ains constant

33( n ;i.thal Eant. N.%r %scri%s th% (

0si;% o5 an ato., sha'% o5 an orital, s'in o5 orital

34( )h% rat% o5 th% ack*ar r%action is ir%ctly 'ro'ortional to th% 'roct o5 th% .olarconc%ntration o5 (

0=%actants, Procts, Non% o5 th%.

Cha't%r 1

7/21/2019 Chemistry


?ntroction )o Fna.%ntal Conc%'ts

1( )h% 5or.la, *hich i$%s th% si.'l% ratio o5 %ach kin o5 ato.s 'r%s%nt in th%

.ol%cl% o5 co.'on, is call% (

08ol%clar For.la, .'irical For.la, Strctral For.la

2( )h% 5or.la, *hich %'r%ss%s th% actal n.%r o5 %ach kin o5 ato. 'r%s%nt in th%.ol%cl% o5 a co.'on, is call% (

0.'irical For.la, 8ol%clar For.la, Strctral For.la

3( 8ol% is a antity, *hich has 'articl%s o5 th% sstanc%(

0n% illion, 6("2 1"23, 1("13 1"

4( )h% si.'l%st 5or.la o5 a co.'on that contain !1(! caron an 1!(2hyro%n is (

0C73, C7, C276

( )h% %.'irical For.la o5 a co.'on (

0is al*ays th% sa.% as th% .ol%clar 5or.la, ?nicat%s th% %act co.'osition,?nicat%s th% si.'l%st ratio o5 th% ato.s

6( %ry s.all an $%ry lar% antiti%s ar% %'r%ss% in t%r.s o5 (

0sini5icant 5ir%s, 'on%ntial Notation, Loarith.

#( )*o .ol%s o5 *at%r contains .ol%cl%s(

06("2 1"23, 1(2"4 1"24, 3("1 1"23

!( n% .ol% o5 Cl- ions contains ions(

06("2 1"23, 1(2"4 1"24, 3("1 1"23

9( 22" .s o5 C2 contains .ol%s o5 C2(

0n%, Fi$%, )%n

7/21/2019 Chemistry


1"( ?n ronin o55 5ir% is ro''%(

0First, Last, No

11( Pr%cision is link% *ith (

0?ni$ial .%asr%.%nts, ctal r%slts, cc%'t% al%

12( ccracy r%5%rs to ho* clos%ly a .%asr% $al% ar%%s *ith (

0?ni$ial r%slt, ctal r%slt, $%ra% $al%

13( 66"" contains sini5icant 5ir%s(

02, 3, 4

14( 3(# 1"4 contains sini5icant 5ir%s(

02, 3,

1( 9(4" 1"-19 contains sini5icant 5ir%s(

02, 3,

16( )h% 5ir% 39(4 *ill % ron% o55 to (

039(4, 39(, 39

1#( .%ans that th% r%slt otain% in i55%r%nt %'%ri.%nts ar% $%ry clos%to th% acc%'t% $al%s(

0ccracy, Pr%cision, Sini5icant Fir%

1!( )h% a$%ra% *%iht o5 ato.s o5 an %l%.%nt as co.'ar% to th% *%iht o5 on% ato.o5 caron tak%n as is call% th% ato.ic *%iht(

012, 13, 14

19( !( is o5 NaCl(

0to.ic *%iht, For.la >%iht, 8ol%clar >%iht

2"( 1!(" a(.( is th% *%iht o5 *at%r(

7/21/2019 Chemistry


0to.ic, For.la, 8ol%clar

21( 2! .s o5 nitro%n *ill ha$% .ol%cl%s(

06("2 1"23, 12("4 1"23, 3("1 1"23

22( 22(4 .3 o5 C2 is 22(4 .3 o5 S2(

07%a$i%r than, Liht%r than, al to

23( 1"" .s o5 *at%r is %al to .ol%s(

0(6, 2#(#!, 6(2

24( )h% r%actions, *hich 'roc%% in oth th% ir%ctions ar% call%

r%actions(

0=%$%rsil%, ?rr%$%rsil%, N%trili;ation

2( )h% r%actions, *hich 'roc%% in 5or*ar ir%ction only ar% call% r%actions(

0=%$%rsil%, ?rr%$%rsil%, ?onic

26( 8ol%clar *%iht is s% 5or sstanc%s(

0?onic, Non ionic, N%tral

2#( For.la *%iht is s% 5or sstanc%s(

0?onic, Non ionic, N%tral

2!( )h% .o%rn syst%. o5 .%asr%.%nt is call% syst%.(

0S?, 8%tric, F(P(S

29( )h% S(? nit o5 .ass is (

0kilora., ra., 'on

3"( n% .ol% o5 lcos% contains .s(

01"", 1!", 342

7/21/2019 Chemistry


Cha't%r 2

)h% )hr%% Stat%s o5 8att%r

1( *as th% 5irst sci%ntist *ho %'r%ss% a r%lation %t*%%n 'r%ssr% an

th% $ol.% o5 a as(

0Charl%s, Goyl%, $oaro

2( ?5 th% 'r%ssr% 'on a as con5in% in a $%ss%l $ari%s, th% t%.'%ratr% r%.aininsa.%, th% $ol.% *ill (

0ary ir%ctly as th% 'r%ssr%, ary in$%rs%ly as th% t%.'%ratr%, ary in$%rs%ly as th% 'r%ssr%

3( )h% stat%.%nt conc%rnin th% r%lation o5 t%.'%ratr% to th% $ol.% o5 a as n%r5i% 'r%ssr% *as 5irst synth%si;% y (

0Goyl%, Charl%s, $oaro

4( solt% A%ro is (

02#3BC, -2#3BC, -2#3BK

( Das%s int%r.i to 5or. (

07o.o%HI os .itr%, 7%t%ro%nos .itr%, co.'on

6( >at%r can %ists in 'hysical stat%s at a c%rtain conition o5 t%.'%ratr% 'r%ssr%(

0n%, )*o, thr%%

#( )h% t%.'%ratr% at *hich th% $ol.% o5 a as th%or%tically %co.%s ;%ro is call% (

0)ransition t%.'%ratr%, Critical )%.'%ratr%, solt% A%ro

!( Das%s %$iat% 5ro. i%al %ha$ior at 'r%ssr% an t%.'%ratr%(

0Lo*, 7ih, Nor.al

7/21/2019 Chemistry


9( %ry lo* t%.'%ratr% can y 'roc% y th% o5 as%s(

0'ansionn, Contraction, Co.'r%ssion

1"( Goilin 'oint o5 a lii *ith incr%as% in 'r%ssr%(

0incr%as%s, %cr%as%s, r%.ains sa.%

11( 2#3BK I

01""BC, 2#3BC, "BC

12( -2#3BC is %al to (

0"BK, 2#3BK, 1""BK

13( $a'oration tak%s 'lac% at (

0ll t%.'%ratr%s, t constant t%.'%ratr%, at 1""BC

14( is th% t%.'%ratr% at *hich th% $a'or 'r%ssr% o5 a lii %co.%s%al to at.os'h%ric 'r%ssr%(

1( )h% 5r%%;in 'oint o5 *at%r in Fahr%nh%it scal% is (

0"BF, 32BF, 212BF

16( ll as%s chan% to soli %5or% r%achin to (

0-1""BC, "BC, -2#3BC

1#( Pr%ssr% o5 th% as is % o5 th% .ol%cl%s on th% *all o5 th% $%ss%l(

0Collisionns, ttraction, =%'lsion

1!( Goilin 'oint o5 *at%r in asolt% scal% is (

0212BK, 1""BK, 3#3BK

19( Goyl%<s La* r%lat%s (

0Pr%ssr% an $ol.%, )%.'%ratr% an $ol.%, Pr%ssr% an t%.'%ratr%

7/21/2019 Chemistry


2"( Charl%s La* %als *ith r%lationshi'(

0t%.'%ratr% an $ol.%, 'r%ssr% an $ol.%, t%.'%ratr% an 'r%ssr%

21( 55sion is th% %sca'% o5 as throh (

0 s.all 'in hol%, S%.i '%r.%al% .%.ran%, 'oros contain%r

22( )h% %'r%ssion P I P1 + P2 + P3 r%'r%s%nts .ath%.atically(

0Draha.<s La*, $oaro<s La*, @alton<s la* o5 'artial Pr%ssr%

23( ccorin to %al $ol.%s o5 all as%s at th% sa.% t%.'%ratr% an 'r%ssr% contain %al n.%r o5 .ol%cl%s(

0Draha.<s La*, $oaro<s La*, @alton<s La*

24( )h% oilin 'oint o5 'r% *at%r is (

032BC, 1""BF, 3#3BK

2( )h% int%rnal r%sistanc% o5 a lii to 5lo* is call% (

0Sr5ac% t%nsion, Ca'illary action, iscosity

26( )h% %ist%nc% o5 i55%r%nt crystals 5or.s o5 th% sa.% sstanc% is call% (

0?so.or'his., Poly.or'his., ?soto'%s

2#( =at% o5 $a'oration on incr%asin t%.'%ratr%(

0?ncr%as%s, @%cr%as%s, =%.ains sa.%

2!( )h% t%.'%ratr% at *hich .or% than on% crystallin% 5or.s o5 a sstanc% co%ist iscall% th% (

0Critical )%.'%ratr%, )ransition )%.'%ratr%, solt% )%.'%ratr%

29( )h% as%s *hich strictly o%y th% as la*s ar% call% (

0?%al as%s, P%r.an%nt as%s, solt% as%s

7/21/2019 Chemistry


3"( Liht%r as i55s% than th% h%a$i%r as%s(

08or% r%aily, L%ss r%aily, %ry slo*ly

Cha't%r 3

Strctr% o5 to.

1( )h% char% on an %l%ctron is (

0-2(46 1"4 colo.s, -1(6 1"-19 colo.s, 1(6 1"-9colo.s

2( )h% .ai.. n.%r o5 %l%ctrons that can acco..oat% y a '-orital is (

02, 6, 1"

3( 'roton is (

0a h%li. ion, a 'ositi$%ly char% 'articl% o5 .ass 1(6# 1"-2# k, a 'ositi$%lychar% 'articl% o5 .ass 1/1!3# that o5 7yro%n ato.

4( 8ost '%n%tratin raiation o5 a raioacti$% %l%.%nt is (

0a-rays, -rays, -rays

( )h% 5na.%ntal 'articl%s o5 an ato. ar% (

0l%ctrons an 'rotons, %l%ctrons an n%trons, l%ctrons, Protons, N%trons

6( )h% 5na.%ntal 'articl%s o5 an ato.s ar% (

0th% n.%r o5 'rotons, )h% n.%r o5 n%trons, )h% s. o5 'rotons an n%trons

#( JNo t*o %l%ctrons in th% sa.% ato.s can ha$% i%ntical s%t o5 5or ant.n.%rs( )his stat%.%nt is kno*n as (

0Pali<s clsion Princi'l%, 7n<s rl%, 5a =l%

!( has th% hih%st %l%ctron%ati$ity $al%(

0Florin%, Chlorin%, Gro.in%

7/21/2019 Chemistry


9( Princi'l% Eant. n.%r %scri%s (

0Sha'% o5 orital , si;% o5 th% orital, S'in o5 %l%ctron in th% orital

1"( Canal rays ar% 'roc% 5ro. (

0no%, Catho%, ?oni;ation o5 as in th% ischar% t%

11( l%ctro.an%tic raiation 'roc% 5ro. ncl%ar r%actions ar% kno*n as (

0a-rays, -rays, -rays

12( Catho% rays consist o5 (

0l%ctorns, Protons, Positrons

13( )h% 'ro'%rti%s o5 catho% rays 'on th% natr% o5 th% as insi% th%t%(

0%'%n, 'artially %'%n, o not %'%n

14( no% rays consists o5 'articl%s(

0N%ati$%, Positi$%, N%tral

1( to.ic .ass o5 an %l%.%nt is %al to th% s. o5 (

0%l%ctrons an 'rotons, 'rotons an n%trons, %l%ctrons an n%trons

16( N%trons *%r% isco$%r% y (

0Faraay, @alton, Cha*ick

1#( )h% $al% o5 Plank<s constant is (

06(626 1"-34, 6("23 1"24, 1(66# 1"-2!

1!( P-oritals ar% in sha'%(

0s'h%rical, iaonal, . %ll

19( )h% r%.o$al o5 an %l%ctron 5ro. an ato. in as%os stat% is call% (

7/21/2019 Chemistry


0?oni;ation %n%ry, l%ctron 55inity, l%ctron%ati$ity

2"( )h% %n%ry r%l%as% *h%n an %l%ctron is a% to an ato. in th% as%os stat% iscall% (

0?oni;ation Pot%ntial, %l%ctron 55inity, l%ctron%ati$ity

21( )h% 'o*%r o5 an ato. to attract a shar% 'air o5 %l%ctrons is call% (

0?oni;ation Pot%ntial, l%ctron 55inity, l%ctron%ati$ity

22( l%ctron%ati$ity o5 Florin% is aritrarily 5i% as (

02, 3, 4

23( )h% %n%ry i55%r%nc% %t*%%n th% sh%lls o on *h%n .o$% a*ay5ro. th% ncl%s(

0?ncr%asin, %cr%asin, %ali;in

24( isco$%r% that th% ncl%s o5 an ato. is 'ositi$%ly char%(

0>illia. Crook%<s, =th%r5or, @alton

2( ?soto'%s ar% ato.s ha$in sa.% t i55%r%nt (

0to.ic *%iht, to.ic n.%r, $oaro<s N.%r

26( consists o5 7%li. Ncl%i or 7%li. ion 07%++(

2#( )h% anlar .o.%nt. o5 an %l%ctron r%$ol$in aron th% ncl%s o5 ato. is (

0nh/2', n2h2/2', nh3/3'

2!( )h% *a$%l%nths o5 -rays ar% .ath%.atically r%lat% to th% o5

anticatho% %l%.%nt(

0ato.ic *%iht, ato.ic n.%r, $oaro<s n.%r

29( Ly.an S%ri%s o5 s'%ctral lin%s a''%ar in th% 'ortion o5 s'%ctr.(

0Mltra$iol%t, ?n5ra r%, isil%

7/21/2019 Chemistry


3"( ccorin to %l%ctrons ar% al*ays 5ill% in or%r o5 incr%asin %n%ry(

0Pali<s clsion Princi'l%, Mnc%rtainty Princi'l%, 5a Princi'l%

Cha't%r 4

Ch%.ical Gonin

1( )h% %n%ry r%ir% to r%ak a ch%.ical on to 5or. n%tral ato.s is call% (

0?oni;ation Pot%ntial, l%ctron 55inity, Gon n%ry

2( )h% ch%.ical on 'r%s%nt in 7-Cl is (

0Non Polar, Polar Co$al%nt, l%ctro$al%nt

3( 'olar co$al%nt on is 5or.% %t*%%n t*o ato.s *h%n th% i55%r%nc% %t*%%n th%ir (N$al%s is (

0al to 1(#, l%ss than 1(#, 8or% than 1(#

4( )h% .ost 'olar co$al%nt on ot o5 th% 5ollo*in is (

07-Cl, 7-F, 7-?

( on is on% in *hich an %l%ctron has %%n co.'l%t%ly trans5%rr% 5ro. on% ato.to anoth%r(

0?onic, Co$al%nt, co-orinat%

6( on is on% in *hich an %l%ctron 'air is shar% %ally %t*%%n th% t*o ato.s(

0?onic, Co$al%nt, Co-orinat%

#( Gon anl% in th% .ol%cl% o5 C74 is o5 (

012"B, 1"9(B, 1!"B

!( .ol%cl% o5 C2 has strctr%(

9( )h% si.a on is than 'i on(

0>%ak%r, Stron%r, Mnstal%

1"( )h% s'3 oritals ar% in sha'%(

0)%trah%ral, )rional, @iaonal

11( )h% sha'% o5 C74 .ol%cl% is (

0)%trah%ral, )rional, @iaonal

12( )h% on in Cl2 is (

7/21/2019 Chemistry


0Non 'olar, Polar, l%ctro$al%nt

13( >at%r is .ol%cl%(

0Non% 'olar, Polar, l%ctro$al%nt

14( Co$al%nt ons in *hich %l%ctron 'air ar% shar% %ally %t*%%n th% t*o ato.s is call% co$al%nt on(

0Non 'olar, Polar, Co-orinat%

1( ach caron ato. in C74 is hyrii;%(

0S'3, S'2, S'

16( ach caron ato. in C274 is hyrii;%(

0S'3, S'2, S'

1#( ach caron ato. in C272 is hyrii;%(

0S'3, S'2, S'

1!( y%n ato. in 72 has nshar% %l%ctron 'air(

0n%, t*o , thr%%

19( Nitro%n ato. in N73 has nshar% %l%ctron 'air(

0n%, t*o, thr%%

2"( )h% clo o5 char% that srrons t*o or .or% ncl%i is call% orital(

0to.ic, 8ol%clar, 7yri

21( sstanc%, *hich is hihly attract% y a .an%tic 5i%l, is call% (

0l%ctro.an%tic, Para.an%tic, @ia.an%tic

22( 7F %ists in lii % to (

0an%r >aal Forc%s, 7yro%n on, co$al%nt Gon

23( G%st hyro%n onin is 5on in

07F, 7Cl, 7?

24( Sha'% o5 CCl4 .ol%cl% is (

0t%trah%ral, )rional, @iaonal

2( on is 5or.% % to lin%ar o$%rla'(

0Si.a on, Pi on, 7yro%n on

7/21/2019 Chemistry


26( is %5in% as th% antity o5 %n%ry r%ir% to r%ak on% .ol% o5 co$al%nt inas%os stat%(

0Gon %n%ry, ?oni;ation %n%ry, n%ry o5 cti$ation

2#( =%'lsi$% 5orc% %t*%%n %l%ctron 'air in a .ol%cl% is .ai.. *h%n it has an anl% o5

(

012"B, 1"9(B, 1!"B

2!( =%'lsi$% 5orc% %t*%%n %l%ctron 'air in a .ol%cl% is .ai.. *h%n it has an anl% o5 (

012"B, 1"9(B, 1!"B

29( )h% s. o5 total n.%r o5 %l%ctrons 'airs 0onin an lon% 'airs is call% (

0to.ic N.%r, $oaro<s N.%r, St%ric N.%r

3"( Sha'% o5 .ol%cl% is t%trah%ral(

0GaCl2, GF3, N73

Cha't%r

n%r%tics o5 Ch%.ical =%action

1( )h% antity o5 h%at %$ol$% or asor% rin a ch%.ical r%action is call% (

07%at or =%action, 7%at o5 For.ation, 7%at o5 Co.ination

2( n %noth%r.ic r%action is on%, *hich occrs (0>ith %$oltion o5 h%at, >ith asor'tion o5 7%at, ?n 5or*ar @ir%ction

3( n %oth%r.ic r%action is on% rin *hich (

07%at is li%rat%, 7%at is asor%, no chan% o5 h%at occrs

4( )h% %ation C + 2 C2 @7 I -4"!KO r%'r%s%nts r%action(

0noth%r.ic, oth%r.ic, =%$%rsil%

( )h% %ation N2 + 2 2N @7 I 1!"KO r%'r%s%nts r%action(

0noth%r.ic, oth%r.ic, ?rr%$%rsil%

6( )h%r.o-ch%.istry %als *ith (

0)h%r.al Ch%.istry, 8%chanical n%ry, Pot%ntial n%ry

#( nthal'y is (

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07%at cont%nt, ?nt%rnal %n%ry, Pot%ntial n%ry

!( 7%ss<s La* is also kno*n as (

0La* o5 cons%r$ation o5 8ass, La* o5 cons%r$ation o5 n%ry, La* o5 8ass ction

9( ny thin n%r %a.ination in th% Laoratory is call% (0=%actant, Syst%., l%ctrolyt%

1"( )h% %n$iron.%nt in *hich th% syst%. is sti% in th% laoratory is call% (

0Conitions, Srronins, Stat%

11( >h%n th% ons %in rok%n ar% .or% than thos% %in 5or.% in a ch%.ical r%action, th%n@7 *ill % (

0Positi$%, N%ati$%, A%ro

12( >h%n th% on %in 5or.% ar% .or% than thos% %in rok%n in a ch%.ical r%action, th%nth% @7 *ill % (

0Positi$%, N%ati$%, A%ro

13( )h% %nthal'y chan% *h%n a r%action is co.'l%t% in sinl% st%' *ill % asco.'ar% to that *h%n it is co.'l%t% in .or% than on% st%'s(

0al to, Partially i55%r%nt 5ro., ntir%ly i55%r%nt 5ro.

14( )h% %nthal'y o5 a syst%. is r%'r%s%nt y (

07, @7, @1( )h% 5actor + P is kno*n as (

07%at cont%nt, Chan% in nthal'y, >ork on%

16( 7%at o5 5or.ation is r%'r%s%nt% y (

0@5, @75, 75

1#( )h% h%at asor% y th% syst%. at constant is co.'l%t%ly tili;% to incr%as% th%int%rnal %n%ry o5 th% syst%.(

0ol.%, Pr%ssr%, )%.'%ratr%1!( 7%at chan% at constant 5ro. initial to 5inal stat% is si.'ly %al to th% chan%in %nthal'y(

0ol.%, Pr%ssr%, )%.'%ratr%

19( syst%., *hich %chan% oth %n%ry an %n%ry *ith th% srronin, is syst%.(

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0'%n, Clos%, ?solat%

2"( syst%., *hich only %chan% %n%ry *ith th% srronin t not th% .att%r, is syst%.(


21( syst%., *hich n%ith%r %chan%s %n%ry nor .att%r *ith th% srronins is syst%.(


22( 'ro'%rty o5 a syst%. is in%'%n%nt o5 th% a.ont o5 .at%rial conc%rn%(

0?nt%nsi$%, t%nsi$%, Physical

23( 'ro'%rty o5 a syst%. %'%ns 'on th% a.ont o5 sstanc% 'r%s%nt in th%syst%.(

0?nt%nsi$%, t%nsi$%, Physical

24( @ I * r%'r%s%nts (

0First La* o5 )h%r.oyna.ics, 7%ss<s La*, nthal'y Chan%

2( is %5in% as th% chan% in %nthal'y *h%n on% ra. .ol% o5 a co.'on is 'roc% 5ro. its %l%.%nts(

07%at o5 =%action, h%at o5 For.ation, 7%at o5 N%trili;ation

Cha't%r 6

Ch%.ical iliri.

1( t %iliri. th% rat% o5 5or*ar r%action an th% rat% o5 r%$%rs% r%action ar% (

0al, Chanin, @i55%r%nt

2( Sch r%actions, *hich 'roc%% to 5or*ar ir%ction only an ar% co.'l%t% a5t%r so.%ti.% ar%call% r%action(

0?rr%$%rsil%, =%$%rsil%, 8ol%clar

3( Sch r%actions, *hich 'roc%% to oth th% ir%ction an ar% n%$%r co.'l%t%, ar% call%

r%action(

0?rr%$%rsil%, =%$%rsil%, 8ol%clar

4( )h% rat% o5 ch%.ical r%action is ir%ctly 'ro'ortional to th% 'roct o5 th% .olar conc%ntrationo5 (

0=%actants, Procts, Goth r%actants an 'rocts

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( J?5 a syst%. in %iliri. is sQ%ct% to a str%ss, th% %iliri. shi5ts in a ir%ction to.ini.i;% or no th% %55%ct o5 this str%ss( )his 'rinci'l% is kno*n as (

0L%-Chat%li%r<s Princi'l%, Day Lssac<s Princi'l%, $oaro<s Princi'l%

6( $%ry lar% $al% o5 Kc inicat%s that r%actants ar% (

0$%ry stal%, nstal%, .o%rat%ly stal%

#( $%ry lo* $al% o5 Kc inicat%s that r%actants ar% (

0$%ry stal%, $%ry nstal%, .o%rat%ly stal%

!( )h% %iliri. in *hich r%actants ar% 'rocts ar% in sinl% 'has% is call% (

07o.o%nos iliri., 7%t%ro%nos iliri., @yna.ic iliri.

9( )h% %iliri. in *hich r%actants an 'rocts ar% in .or% than on% 'has%s ar% call% (

07o.o%nios iliri., 7%t%ro%nios iliri., @yna.ic iliri.

1"( Ch%.ical iliri. is %iliri.(

[email protected], Static, 7%t%ro%n%os

11( ?n %oth%r.ic r%action, lo*%rin o5 t%.'%ratr% *ill shi5t th% %iliri. to (

0riht, l%5t, %ally on oth th% ir%ction

12( ?n %noth%r.ic r%action, lo*%rin o5 t%.'%ratr% *ill shi5t th% %iliri. to (

0riht, l%5t, %ally on oth th% ir%ction

13( catalyst th% %n%ry o5 acti$ation(

0incr%as%s, %cr%as%s, has no %55%ct on

14( t %iliri. 'oint (

05or*ar r%action is incr%as%, ack*ar r%action is incr%as%, 5or*ar an ack*ar r%actions %co.% %al

1( N73 is 'r%'ar% y th% r%action N2 + 372 R 2N73 @7 I -21(9 Kcal( )h% .ai.. yi%l o5

N73 is otain% (0t lo* t%.'%ratr% an hih 'r%ssr%, at hih t%.'%ratr% an lo* 'r%ssr%, at hih t%.'%ratr%an hih 'r%ssr%

16( >h%n a hih 'r%ssr% is a''li% to th% 5ollo*in r%$%rsil% 'roc%ss: N2 + 2 R2N )h% %iliri. *ill

0shi5t to th% 5or*ar ir%ction, shi5t to th% ack*ar ir%ction, not chan%

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1#( )h% $al% o5 Kc 'on th% initial conc%ntration o5 th% r%action(

0%'%ns, 'artially %'%ns, o%s not %'%n

1!( >hil% *ritin th% Kc %'r%ssion, th% conc%ntration o5 ar% tak%n in th%n.%rator(

19( Solility 'roct constant is %not% y (

0Kc, Ks', Kr

2"( J)h% %r%% o5 ioni;ation o5 an %l%ctrolyt% is s''r%ss% y th% aition o5 anoth%r%l%ctrolyt% containin a co..on ion( )his 'h%no.%non is call% (

0Solility Proct, Co..on ?on 55%ct, L%-Chat%li%r<s Princi'l%

Cha't%r #

Soltions an l%ctrolyt%s

1( 8olarity is th% n.%r o5 .ol%s o5 a solt% issol$% '%r (

0.3 o5 a soltion, .3 o5 sol$%nt, K o5 sol$%nt

2( 8olality is %5in% as th% n.%r o5 .ol%s o5 solt% issol$% '%r (

0.3 o5 soltion, k o5 sol$%nt, k o5 solt%

3( )h% solility o5 a solt% *ith th% incr%as% o5 t%.'%ratr%(

0incr%as%s, %cr%as%s, o%s not alt%r

4( )h% loss o5 %l%ctron rin a ch%.ical r%action is kno*n as (

0iation, =%ction, N%trali;ation

( )h% ain o5 %l%ctron rin a ch%.ical r%action is kno*n as (

0iation, =%ction, N%trali;ation

6( )h% ions, *hich ar% attract% to*ars th% ano%, ar% kno*n as (

0nins, Cations, Positron(

#( )h% '7 o5 a n%tral soltion is (01(#, #, 14

!( crr%nt o5 on% a.'%r% 5lo*in 5or on% .int% is %al to (

0n% colo., 6" colo., on% Faraay

9( sstanc%, *hich o%s not allo* %l%ctricity to 'ass throh, is kno*n as (

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0?nslator, Conctor, l%ctrolyt%

1"( Sch sstanc%s, *hich allo* %l%ctricity to 'ass throh th%. an ar% ch%.ically%co.'os%, ar% call% (

0l%ctrolyt%s, ?nslators, 8%tallic conctors

11( is an %a.'l% o5 stron aci(

0c%tic ci, Caronic ci, 7yrochloric ci

12( is an %a.'l% o5 *%ak aci(

07yrochloric ci, c%tic ci, Sl'hric ci

13( >h%n N74Cl is hyroly;%, th% soltion *ill % (

0ciic, Gasic, N%tral

14( >h%n Na2C3 is hyroly;%, th% soltion *ill % (

0ciic, Gasic, N%tral

1( >h%n l% hyrat% co''%r sl'hat% is h%at% (

0?t chan%s into *hit%, it trns lack, it r%.ains l%

16( Sl'hr has th% hih%st oiation n.%r in (

0S2, 72S4, 72S3

1#( )h% r%action %t*%%n an aci an a as% to 5or. a salt an *at%r is call% (

07yration, 7yrolysis, N%trali;ation

1!( is o''osit% o5 N%trali;ation(

07yration, 7yrolysis, ?oni;ation

19( )h% sstanc% ha$in '7 $al% # is (

0Gasic, ciic, N%tral

2"( n a%os soltion *hos% '7 is ;%ro is (

0lkalin%, N%tral, Stronly ciic

21( Solility 'roct o5 slihtly soll% salt is %not% y (

0Kc, K', Ks'

22( )h% incr%as% o5 oiation n.%r is kno*n as (

0iation, =%ction, 7yrolysis

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23( )h% %cr%as% o5 iation n.%r is kno*n as (

0iation, =%ction, l%ctrolysis

24( n% .olar soltion o5 lcos% contains .s o5 lcos% '%r .3 o5 soltion(

• 1!", 1"", 3422( )h% n.%r o5 .ol%s o5 solt% 'r%s%nt '%r .3 o5 soltion is call% (

08olality, 8olarity, Nor.ality

26( T8< is th% sy.ol s% 5or r%'r%s%ntin (

08olality, 8olarity, Nor.ality

2#( 1 .ol% o5 72S4 is %al to (

09!.s, 49.s, 1!".s

2!( G55%r soltion t%ns to '7(

0Chan%, ?ncr%as%, .aintain

29( )h% loarith. o5 r%ci'rocal o5 hyroi% ion is r%'r%s%nt% as (

0'7, '7, P7

3"( ?n *at%r .ol%cl%s srron solt% 'articl%s(

07yration, 7yrolysis, N%trali;ation

Cha't%r !

?ntroction to Ch%.ical Kin%tics

1( )h% rat% o5 ch%.ical r%action *ith incr%as% in conc%ntration o5 th% r%actants(

0?ncr%as%s, @%cr%as%s, @o%s not alt%r

2( ?onic r%actions o5 inoranic co.'ons ar% (

0$%ry slo*, .o%rat%ly slo*, $%ry 5ast

3( )h% rat% o5 r%actions can % %t%r.in%(

0%ry Slo*, 8o%rat%ly Slo*, %ry 5ast

4( )h% s. o5 %'on%nts o5 th% conc%ntrations o5 r%actants is call% (

0r%r o5 r%action, 8ol%clarity, iliri. Constant

( )h% rat% o5 r%action %n%rally in th% 'r%s%nc% o5 a sital% catalyst(

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0?ncr%as%s, @%cr%as%s, r%.ains constant

6( )h% rat% o5 a r%action 'on th% t%.'%ratr%(

0%'%ns, slihtly %'%ns, o%s not %'%ns

#( )h% .ini.. %n%ry r%ir% to rin aot a ch%.ical r%action is call% (0Gon %n%ry, ?oni;ation %n%ry, n%ry o5 cti$ation

!( iation o5 S2 in th% 'r%s%nc% o5 2 in Sl'hric ci instry is an %a.'l% o5 (

07o.o%nos catalyst, 7%t%ro%n%os catalyst, N%ati$% catalyst

9( 7yrolys%s o5 %st%r in th% 'r%s%nc% o5 aci is an %a.'l% o5 (

07o.o%nos catalyst, 7%t%ro%n%os catalyst, N%ati$% catalyst

1"( Conc%ntration o5 th% r%actants *ith th% 'assa% o5 ti.% rin a ch%.icalr%action(


11( Conc%ntration o5 th% 'rocts *ith th% 'assa% o5 ti.% rin a ch%.icalr%action(


12( )h% rat% constant *ith t%.'%ratr% 5or a sinl% r%action(

0ari%s, Slihtly ari%s, @o%s not $ary13( )h% rat% o5 r%action at a 'articlar ti.% is call% (

0$%ra% =at% o5 r%action, solt% rat% o5 r%action, ?nstantan%os rat% o5 r%action

14( )h% s'%ci5ic rat% constant K has $al% 5or all conc%ntrations o5 th% r%actant(

0Fi%, arial%, n%liil% $al%

1( Gy incr%asin th% sr5ac% ar%a th% rat% o5 r%action can % (

0?ncr%as%, @%cr%as%, @ol%

16( 8n2 *h%n h%at% *ith KCl3 (

0Di$%s ' its o*n oy%n, Proc%s o;on% 3, cts as catalyst

1#( =%actions *ith hih %n%ry o5 acti$ation 'roc%% *ith (

07ih s'%%, 8o%rat%ly slo* s'%%, slo* s'%%

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1!( )h% .ini.. a.ont o5 %n%ry r%ir% to rin aot a ch%.ical r%action is call% (

0n%ry o5 ioni;ation, n%ry o5 cti$ation, n%ry o5 Collision

19( n inhiitor is a catalyst *hich rat% o5 r%action(


2"( is th% chan% o5 th% conc%ntration o5 r%actant i$i% y th% ti.%(

0=at% o5 r%action, %locity Constant, 8ol%clarity

Pr%'ar% Gy: @anish nsaari 0+92333-3144#22

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