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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Sociology: A Down-to-EarthSociology: A Down-to-EarthApproach 7/eApproach 7/e
Sociology: A Down-to-EarthSociology: A Down-to-EarthApproach 7/eApproach 7/e
James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinChapter Eight: Deviance and Social ControlChapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control
James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinChapter Eight: Deviance and Social ControlChapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
““It is not the act itself, but the reactions to the It is not the act itself, but the reactions to the
act, that make something deviant.”act, that make something deviant.”
Howard Becker, 1966Howard Becker, 1966
What is Deviance?What is Deviance?
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Relative DevianceRelative Deviance
What is Deviant to Some is not Deviant to What is Deviant to Some is not Deviant to
OthersOthers
““Deviance” is Nonjudgmental TermDeviance” is Nonjudgmental Term
What is Deviance?What is Deviance?
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Deviance Deviance
Violation of Rules or NormsViolation of Rules or Norms
Crime Crime
Violation of Norms as LawsViolation of Norms as Laws
Stigma Stigma
Blemishes on “Normal” IdentityBlemishes on “Normal” Identity
Deviance TerminologyDeviance Terminology
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Social OrderSocial Order
Group’s Usual Social ArrangementGroup’s Usual Social Arrangement
Social Control Social Control
Group’s Formal and Informal Means of Group’s Formal and Informal Means of
Enforcing NormsEnforcing Norms
Deviance TerminologyDeviance Terminology
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Negative SanctionsNegative Sanctions
Positive SanctionsPositive Sanctions
SanctionsSanctions
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Shaming is a SanctionShaming is a Sanction
Can Be Centerpiece of Public RitualCan Be Centerpiece of Public Ritual
Degradation CeremonyDegradation Ceremony
Shaming and Degradation Shaming and Degradation CeremoniesCeremonies
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
SociologySociology Look for Answers Outside IndividualsLook for Answers Outside Individuals
Social ClassSocial Class
SociobiologySociobiology Look for Answers Inside IndividualsLook for Answers Inside Individuals
Genetic PredispositionsGenetic Predispositions
Explanations of DevianceExplanations of Deviance
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
PsychologyPsychology
Focuses on Abnormalities Within IndividualsFocuses on Abnormalities Within Individuals
Personality DisordersPersonality Disorders
Deviant PersonalitiesDeviant Personalities
Explanations of DevianceExplanations of Deviance
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
FamiliesFamilies
Friends, NeighborsFriends, Neighbors
SubcultureSubculture
Prison or Freedom?Prison or Freedom?
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveDifferential Association TheoryDifferential Association Theory
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Inner ControlsInner Controls
MoralityMorality
ConscienceConscience
Religious PrinciplesReligious Principles
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveControl TheoryControl Theory
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Outer ControlsOuter Controls
AttachmentsAttachments
CommitmentsCommitments
InvolvementsInvolvements
Beliefs that Actions are Morally WrongBeliefs that Actions are Morally Wrong
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveControl TheoryControl Theory
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Focuses on the Significance of LabelsFocuses on the Significance of Labels
Labels Become Part of Self-ConceptLabels Become Part of Self-Concept
Propel Towards or Away from DeviancePropel Towards or Away from Deviance
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveLabeling TheoryLabeling Theory
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Denial of ResponsibilityDenial of Responsibility
Denial of InjuryDenial of Injury
Denial of a VictimDenial of a Victim
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveRejecting LabelsRejecting Labels
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Condemnation of CondemnersCondemnation of Condemners
Appeal to Higher LoyaltiesAppeal to Higher Loyalties
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveRejecting LabelsRejecting Labels
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Embracing Labels—Outlaw BikersEmbracing Labels—Outlaw Bikers
The Power of Labels—Saints and The Power of Labels—Saints and
RoughnecksRoughnecks
Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveLabeling TheoryLabeling Theory
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Clarifies Moral Boundaries and Clarifies Moral Boundaries and
Affirms NormsAffirms Norms
Promotes Social UnityPromotes Social Unity
Promotes Social ChangePromotes Social Change
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveCan Deviance Be Functional?Can Deviance Be Functional?
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Social Values Produce DevianceSocial Values Produce Deviance
Cultural GoalsCultural Goals
Institutional MeansInstitutional Means
Strain Leads to AnomieStrain Leads to Anomie
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveStrain TheoryStrain Theory
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
InnovatorsInnovators
RitualismRitualism
RetreatismRetreatism
RebellionRebellion
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveFour Deviant PathsFour Deviant Paths
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Unequal Access to Institutional Unequal Access to Institutional
Means to SuccessMeans to Success
Street CrimeStreet Crime
White-Collar CrimeWhite-Collar Crime
Gender and CrimeGender and Crime
Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveIllegitimate Opportunity StructuresIllegitimate Opportunity Structures
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Street Crime and PrisonsStreet Crime and Prisons
The Decline of CrimeThe Decline of Crime
RecidivismRecidivism
The Death Penalty BiasThe Death Penalty Bias
Reaction to DevianceReaction to Deviance
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Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control
Legal ChangeLegal Change
Medicalization of DevianceMedicalization of Deviance Neither Mental nor Illness?Neither Mental nor Illness?
Homeless Mentally IllHomeless Mentally Ill
Need for More Humane ApproachNeed for More Humane Approach
Reaction to DevianceReaction to Deviance