Highlights of the Civil War Chapter 4 Sections 2,3
Jan 13, 2016
Highlights of the Civil War
Chapter 4Sections 2,3
North vs. South
North’s strengths
More resources-guns, weapons,ships
More railroads Larger population
(immigrants flooding into country)
More food
South’s Strengths
Superior leadership Highly motivated
fighters “King Cotton” Easier to fight a
defensive war
1)Navy blockade
Southern ports Union riverboats and
armies capture the Mississippi River, split Confederacy in half
Union armies capture Confederate capital, Richmond
Union Plan
Anaconda Plan
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania- after, loosing this battle, South went on the defensive Vicksburg, Mississippi-
assured capture of the Mississippi River
Turning Point of War-July, 1863
These two victoriesGave President LincolnThe upper hand to issueThe EmancipationProclamation-freeingAll the slaves in theConfederate states.
Appomattox Court House-April 3, 1865 -Southern General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Northern General U. S. Grant
Lincoln Assassinated- April 14, 1865 (Good Friday)
Thirteenth Amendment passed-end of 1865-ending slavery in the United States
1865
620,000 men on both sides lost (greater than
U.S. casualties in all wars combined) Politically, federal government’s power
strengthened Economically, gap between North and South
widened; North boomed during the war, the South was devastated.
Civil War- first modern war; new weapons changed nature of warfare-rifle, minie ball, ironclad ships
Consequences of Civil War
Ratified in 1868 Made former slaves not
citizens of the United States but also citizens of the state in which they live
Greatly expanded the reach of the Constitution to include states
Fourteenth Amendment
1865-1877 Plan to bring the South
back into the Union Lincoln and Johnson’s plan
failed Radical Republicans-
1866,divided South into five military districts Black men given right to
vote Southern states had to
adopt the fourteenth amendment
Reconstruction
Passed in 1870 Gave black men the
right to vote
Fifteenth Amendment
Breakdown of the Republican party weakened the plan; lost control of Congress in 1876 election
Panic of 1873-bank failures caused a depression which diverted attention from the South
Growth of KKK (Ku Klux Klan) Destroy Republican party Throw out Reconstruction governments Help the planter class Prevent African Americans from using their
political power
Failure of Reconstruction