Chapter 4 Plate tectonics Review Game. 1) What are the 4 layers of the Earth? Crust, mantle, inner core, outer core.

Chapter 4 Plate Chapter 4 Plate tectonicstectonics

Review GameReview Game

1) What are the 4 1) What are the 4 layers of the Earth?layers of the Earth?

Crust, mantle, inner Crust, mantle, inner core, outer corecore, outer core

2) The uppermost part of 2) The uppermost part of the mantle and crust that the mantle and crust that

together forms a rigid together forms a rigid layer is called what?layer is called what?

lithospherelithosphere

3) As the depth below 3) As the depth below the crust increases, the crust increases, what 2 factors also what 2 factors also

increase?increase?

Heat and pressureHeat and pressure

4) Is the inner core a 4) Is the inner core a solid, a liquid, or a gas?solid, a liquid, or a gas?

solidsolid

5) What layer of the 5) What layer of the mantle lies just below mantle lies just below

the lithosphere?the lithosphere?

athenosphereathenosphere

6) How does the material 6) How does the material of the athenosphere differ of the athenosphere differ

from the material of the from the material of the lithosphere?lithosphere?

Athenosphere is softer Athenosphere is softer than the lithospherethan the lithosphere

7) What are the three 7) What are the three types of heat transfer?types of heat transfer?

Radiation, conduction, Radiation, conduction, and convectionand convection

8) Describe conduction 8) Describe conduction heat transfer.heat transfer.

When heat is When heat is transferred by the transferred by the direct touching of direct touching of

materials.materials.

9) Describe radiation 9) Describe radiation heat transfer.heat transfer.

Transfer of energy Transfer of energy through empty spacethrough empty space

10) Describe convection heat 10) Describe convection heat transfer.transfer.

Heat transfer by the movement Heat transfer by the movement of heated fluid. Heated material of heated fluid. Heated material

is less dense than a cooler is less dense than a cooler sample of the same material. sample of the same material.

This will make the heated This will make the heated material rise.material rise.

11) What happens to 11) What happens to convection currents when convection currents when

the fluid reaches a the fluid reaches a constant temperature?constant temperature?

Convection currents stopConvection currents stop

12) What is the theory of 12) What is the theory of continental drift?continental drift?

All the continents were together All the continents were together at some point in the Earth’s at some point in the Earth’s

past, and slowly drifted to their past, and slowly drifted to their current positions.current positions.

13) Who was the 13) Who was the scientist that proposed scientist that proposed

that theory?that theory?

Alfred WegenerAlfred Wegener

14) What are the 3 types 14) What are the 3 types of evidence Wegener of evidence Wegener used to support his used to support his

theory?theory?

Landforms, Fossils, and Landforms, Fossils, and ClimateClimate

15) Describe the evidence 15) Describe the evidence from landforms.from landforms.

When you match up the continents When you match up the continents on a map, points that would have on a map, points that would have been connected have the same been connected have the same

type of landform, and the mineral type of landform, and the mineral deposts were the samedeposts were the same

16) Describe the evidence 16) Describe the evidence from fossils.from fossils.

When you match up the continents When you match up the continents on a map, the fossils were the on a map, the fossils were the

same. If the continents were not same. If the continents were not together, there is no way those together, there is no way those animals could have crossed the animals could have crossed the

ocean.ocean.

17) Describe the evidence 17) Describe the evidence from climate.from climate.

Land that is in cold Land that is in cold climates now, has climates now, has

evidence that it was once evidence that it was once located in the tropicslocated in the tropics

18) What is the name 18) What is the name Wegener gave to the Wegener gave to the

super continent?super continent?

PangaeaPangaea

19) Why didn’t scientists 19) Why didn’t scientists accept his theory at first?accept his theory at first?

He could not explain the He could not explain the mechanism for the mechanism for the continents to move.continents to move.

20) Explain what sea floor 20) Explain what sea floor spreading is?spreading is?

The process that The process that continually adds new continually adds new

material to the ocean floormaterial to the ocean floor

21) What are the 3 forms 21) What are the 3 forms of evidence that supports of evidence that supports

sea floor spreading?sea floor spreading?

Molten material, magnetic Molten material, magnetic stripes, and drilling stripes, and drilling

samplessamples

22) What is the evidence 22) What is the evidence from molten material?from molten material?

Pillow lava and other forms of Pillow lava and other forms of hardened lava are scattered across hardened lava are scattered across

the ocean floor, this is evidence the ocean floor, this is evidence that molten material constantly that molten material constantly

erupts from the mid-ocean ridgeerupts from the mid-ocean ridge

23) Explain the evidence 23) Explain the evidence from magnetic stripes.from magnetic stripes.

The rocks on the ocean floor The rocks on the ocean floor contain the direction of the Earth’s contain the direction of the Earth’s

magnetic field at the time they magnetic field at the time they hardened. The bands move in hardened. The bands move in

alternating directions as you move alternating directions as you move across the ocean.across the ocean.

24) Explain the evidence 24) Explain the evidence from drilling samples.from drilling samples.

The age of the rocks near the The age of the rocks near the ridge are younger than rocks ridge are younger than rocks that are further away from the that are further away from the

ridge.ridge.

25) Explain the 25) Explain the subduction of oceanic subduction of oceanic

crust.crust.

When oceanic crust gets When oceanic crust gets pushed under another pushed under another

plate.plate.

26) The formation, 26) The formation, movement, and movement, and

subduction of the Earth’s subduction of the Earth’s plates is explained by plates is explained by

what?what?

Plate tectonicsPlate tectonics

27) What are the 3 27) What are the 3 types of plate types of plate

boundaries called?boundaries called?

Transform, convergent, Transform, convergent, and divergentand divergent

28) Explain how a 28) Explain how a transform boundary transform boundary

moves.moves.

Slip past each otherSlip past each other↑↓↑↓

29) Explain how a 29) Explain how a convergent boundary convergent boundary

moves.moves.

Plates crash into each Plates crash into each otherother→←→←

30) Explain how a 30) Explain how a divergent boundary divergent boundary

moves.moves.

Plates move away from Plates move away from each othereach other

←→←→

31) What is a rift 31) What is a rift valley?valley?

A divergent boundary A divergent boundary between 2 continental between 2 continental

plates.plates.

32) What is an ocean 32) What is an ocean trench?trench?

The location where The location where oceanic crust dives oceanic crust dives

beneath another platebeneath another plate

33) What happens 33) What happens when 2 continental when 2 continental plates converge?plates converge?

Mountain buildingMountain building

34) What type of 34) What type of energy transformation energy transformation

powers plate tectonics?powers plate tectonics?

Convection currents in Convection currents in the mantlethe mantle