chapter 3 sections 1, 2, and 3

8/7/2019 chapter 3 sections 1, 2, and 3

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Chapter 3: The American Revolution

Sections 1, 2, and 3 Bell Work: Define the following terms

nonimportation agreement

Boston Massacre

committee of correspondence

guerilla warfare

letters of marque


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French and Indian War

France and British bothwant the Ohio Rivervalley

French build a series offorts

British counter with theirown in Pennsylvania, butF

rench attack and seizeit and name it FortDuquesne

George Washington triesto reclaim the fort, but isforced to surrender


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French and Indian War

General Edward Braddockunderestimates Native Americanwarriors and gets ambushed

War lasts for 2 years when Britishships cut of the French resupplyand the Delaware is convinced toabandon the French

Becomes the 7 Years War inEurope where the Spanish getinvolved

French lose Louisiana east of theMississippi River and Spanish loseFlorida to the British as a result ofthe Treaty of Paris (1763)


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England Legislates the Colonies

Royal Proclamation of1763 no settlementspast the Appalachian

MountainsGeorge Greenville triessmugglers in a vice-admiralty court violating

their right to a jury bypeers and to a publictrial

Sugar Act places atax on su ar and other


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Stamp Act and more

1765 Stamp Act required stamps beplaced on printed materials

First direct tax on colonies

9 colonies meet for the StampAct Congress

The Congress issued theDeclaration of Rights andGreviances

Colonists ignored it and somesigned a nonimportationagreement

Quartering Act required colonists toquarter troops

Declaratory Act Parliament declared thecolonies subservient to England


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Townshend Acts

Charles Townshend Chancellor of the

Exchequer

Revenue Act of 1767 put a customs duty on many items imported to

the colonies

legalized writs of assistance or documents

allowing sweeping searches

Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer by JohnDickinson

Declared the only the colonies had the right to

tax

Resist the Townshend Acts

Called for the colonies to become, firmly

bound together. 1769 House of Burgess passes Virginia

Resolves

Declares only the house can tax Virginians England orders the house disbanded

House leaders meet at a convention pass a

nonimportation law Daughters of Liberty spun cloth to replace

imported British cloth


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Boston Massacre

Violence against customsagents 1,000 Britishsoldiers sent into the city

Bostonians harassed the

troops calling them lobsterbacks

A riot ensued and shots werefired into the crowd

Colonial newspapers paintedthe British soldiers as tyrantswilling to kill people

In response Parliamentrepeals all taxes except one

on tea


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Colonial Defiance

Gaspee Affair

Colonists seize and burn aBritish customs ship, theGaspee

England sent a group to

investigate and brings suspectsto England for trial

Thomas Jefferson suggestscolonies form committees ofcorrespondence to keep eachother aware of British activities

1773 Boston Tea Party

England passes the Tea Act sothat British tea would becheaper than Dutch tea in thecolonies

The Tea Act also allowed theEast India Company to selldirect to shops

Boston merchants dump 342chests of tea into Boston Harbor


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England Responds

1774 Coercive Acts

Passed in response to theBoston Tea Party

Aimed at punishingMassachusetts

Closed Boston Harbor

Made all officials appointed bythe governor

Transferred trials of Britishsoldiers to England

Required quartering for soldiers

First Continental Congress

Endorsed the Suffolk Resolveswhich urged colonists todisobey the Coercive Acts andstop buying British goods

Approved the Continental


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Revolution Begins

Minutemen Concord organized a special unitof men who, stand at a minute's warning

Loyalists Colonists who sided with England

Patriots Colonists who believed the Britishhad become tyrants

April 1775 (see page 86)

General Gage orders the arrest of theMassachusetts Assembly

He did not know where they were meeting, sohe decided to take a supply depot in Concord

instead


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Second Continental Congress

Meets 3 weeks after Lexington and Concord

Chooses to adopt the militia army surroundingBoston naming them the Continental Army and

appointing George Washington as general

Before Washington can arrive, the British sendmore troops and launch an attack on the militia

Continental Army builds an earthen fort anddigs in at Breed's Hill (near Bunker Hill)

William Prescott allegedly tells his troops, Don'tfire until you see the whites of their eyes


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Independence

July 1775, the Continental Congress sends KingGeorge III the Olive Branch Petition

Pledged loyalty and asking to call off the violence

King rejects after Americans capture Montreal

Lord Dunmore, governor of Virginia, organizedarmies made up of loyalists and African slaves

Offers freedom to slaves who fight Convinces southern planters to advocate

independence

Patriots defeat Dunmore's army in Norfolk

Patriots win victories in the Carolinas and Boston


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British versus Colonies

Read the chart onp.95 and answer thequestions under

Chart Skills


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Northern Campaign

General Howe wanted toconvince colonies that theircause was hopeless

Takes New York City

with 32,000 troops Washington and his

23,000 troops can notprevent it and movedtroops to the north

December 25, 1776 Washington reads ThomasPaine's most recent pamphlet toboost morale and Crossed theDelaware River fromPennsylvania to New Jersey to

attack the British and Hessianmercenaries


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OtherFronts


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Conclusion

Benedict Arnold sells militarysecrets to the British andflees to New York City oncehe is found out

Clinton orders the taking ofVirginia ports so Cornwallisheads to Yorktown

French navy moved intoChesapeake Bay to prevent

retreat and resupply

French and American forcessurround Yorktown and forceCornwallis to surrender

Treaty of Paris forcedEn land to reco nize the

chapter 3 sections 1, 2, and 3

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