Chapter 3

43EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 3

Methodology

This chapter presents the method utilized in this study

together with the procedures employed including the

preparation, distribution and data collection, the research

method used, about the population and the construction and

validation of the questionnaires which was the chief tool

used in gathering the needed data and the statistical

treatment of data.

Research Design

The researchers made use of descriptive, which highlight

its purpose, methods and other facts regarding the study.

The descriptive is considered appropriate since the

process seek gather describe, analyze and interpret.

Furthermore, the researchers used survey method with the

use of questionnaire and interviews. Through this method, the

researchers have gather information from the respondents



about the study. After which they tabulated, presented and

analyzed the data to come up with the findings.

Population and Sampling Procedure

The respondents composed of fifty (50) tourists from

Fort Santiago, Intramuros, Manila.

Respondents of the Study

The respondents in this survey were the Local Tourists

and Filipino Tour Guides. The survey questionnaires were used

to know the background of the respondents.

Table 1 presents the respondents according to sex.

Table 1

Respondents of the Study



Respondents f %

Tour Guide 7 14

Tourist 43 86

Total 50 100

As manifested in the table, there are 7 or 14 percent

tour guide while 43 or 86 percent tourist respondents

involved in the study.

Table 2 presents the respondents as to Civil Status.

Table 2

Respondents According to Civil Status



Civil Status Tour Guide Tourists Total

f % f % F %

Single 3 42.86 13 30.23 16 32

Married 4 57.14 30 69.77 34 68

Total 7 100 43 100 50 100


single while 34 or 68 percent married respondents involved in

the study.

Table 3 presents the percentage distribution of the

respondents as to Sex.

Table 3

Respondents by Sex



Civil Status Tour Guide Tourists Total

f % f % F %

Male 5 71.43 13 30.23 18 36

Female 2 28.57 30 69.77 32 64

Total 7 100 43 100 50 100


male while 32 or 64 percent female respondents involved in

the study.

Research Instruments

The following instruments were used in gathering data

and information needed in the study.

Survey Questionnaires. This was the primary instrument

in gathering the data. This is used to generate data.

PART I. Profile of the respondent. This was used to

generate data on the demographic characteristics of the

respondents.



PART II. Local Tourist Perception on the Filipino Tour

Guides.

Interview. The interview is considered as one of the

most effective methods in collecting data. The researchers

interviewed the Filipino Tourist in Fort Santiago,

Intramuros, Manila.

Data Gathering Procedures

The following procedures were undertaken in the needed

data:

1. The researchers seek approval to conduct study in Fort

Santiago, Intramuros, Manila.

2. The researchers personally delivered the letter to the

HRD for the approval after the presentation of the

study.

3. The researchers made questionnaires to the respondents

to gather the much-needed information.



4. Data that were not included in the questionnaires were

generated through instructed interview. This comprised

the secondary data.

5. Distributed questionnaires were retrieved, collected,

piled and grouped. Respondents were tallied, tabulated,

analyzed and interpreted.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data gathered were compiled, collected and

summarized separately per group. The responses for each item

were categorized based in the specific problems raised.

The following were utilized in the treatment of the

data:

1. Frequency. It is the actual response to a specific

item/question in the questionnaire where the respondent

ticks his choice.

2. Percentage. This was used as descriptive statistics or

something that describes a part of the whole.



3. Weighted Mean. This was used to measure the respondents’

assessments. Multiplying each value in the group by the

appropriate weight factor does it and the product is

summed up and divided by the total number of the

respondents.

Formula:

( f5xf5 ) + ( f4xf4 ) + (f3xf3 ) + (f2xf2 ) + (f1xf1 )

WM=

N

The assessments provided by the respondents were

interpreted by using the 5-point Likert Scale Method for

interpretation of the assessment of the respondents on the

Filipino Tour Guide as perceived by the Local Tourists. The

concept of the boundary of numerals used the following

scales:

Assessments of the respondents on the Filipino Tour

Guide as Perceived by the Local Tourists.



Scale Range Verbal Interpretation Symbol

5 4.20-5.00 Outstanding O 4 3.40-4.19 Very Good VG 3 2.60-3.39 Good G 2 1.80-2.59 Fair F 1 1.00-1.79 Poor P

4. Ranking. This was used to reinforce the percentage to

show the proportional importance of an item considered.

5. t-Test for Independent. This was used to determine

whether or not the significant difference existed between the

perception of the tour guide and the tourist respondents.

It was solved by using the formula.

The following formula helped compute the t-test.



a. The mean

Formula:

∑X Where: M = the arithmetic mean

M== ∑X = sum of the scores

N N = number of the scores

b. Standard Deviation

Formula:

Where: SD = Standard Deviation

SD = ∑d2 ∑d2 = Sum of the difference

N in variance Squared (x – X) 2

The formula for t-test is

Where:



t = difference between 0 measures

X1 = mean of first group

X1 = mean of second group

= Standard deviation of the first group

= Standard deviation of the second group

= number sample of the first group

= number sample of the second group

Chapter 3

Documents

studythe respondents

percent female respondents

total number ofthe respondents

data collection

comprisedthe secondary

survey questionnaires

following instruments

following procedures