Chapter 2 - .NET Component

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Objective

At the end of this chapter students will be able to

understand different .NET components of the .NET

Framework


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Scope

Introduction

Visual Studio .NET

Shared Integrated Development Environment

Different windows of Visual Studio .NET

Windows Management

Languages

Technology


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Introduction

The .NET Framework is language-neutral; virtually

any language can target the .NET Framework. .NET

Framework supports a number of languages,

including C++, Visual Basic .NET, JScript, and C#.A large number of third-party languages will also be

available for building .NET Framework applications.

These languages include COBOL, Eiffel, Perl,

Python, Smalltalk, and others. This chapter willdiscuss the tool, technology and some of the

languages supported by Microsofts .NET

Framework.


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Tools The Microsoft .NET Framework Software

Development Kit (SDK) tools are designed to make

application development easier to create, deploy, and

manage applications and components that target the

.NET Framework. There are many tools that comewith the .NET Framework SDK. Visual Studio .NET

is one of the tool that ship with the .NET

Framework.


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Visual Studio .NET

Visual Studio .NET is an upgraded version of Visual

Studio which has several new features. It combines

the best of the various IDEs that were previously

used. The general look and feel is similar to VB 6IDE with a difference


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Visual Studio .NET

Unlike previous Visual Studio, in Visual Studio.

NET, exactly the same IDE is used for all Visual

Studio .NET compliant languages. This IDE is

designed to manage projects that accommodate morethan one language at a time.


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Visual Studio .NET

Visual Studio .NET is a complete set of

development tools for building Web based

applications, XML Web services, desktop

applications, and mobile applications. VisualBasic .NET, Visual C++ , and Visual C# all use the

same integrated development environment (IDE)


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Shared Integrated Development

Environment .NET Framework supported languages are hosted

within the Visual Studio .NET integrated

development environment. Sharing a single IDE fora range of language provides many advantages like

without exiting the open project which may be

written in Visual Basic one can start writing code

using another language like C#.


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Start Page of Visual Studio .NET

Start Page provides a quick way to set the user

preferences including keyboard scheme, windows

layout and help filter as shown below. It will also

allow setting the startup page when the VisualStudio starts and many other features.


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Start Page of Visual Studio .NET With the help of Start Page one can also view the

latest articles, events, topics on .NET and many

other services like where to host web services etc..,

on the internet via the link provided on the left side

of the screen. Start Page also gives the links to the

latest project being developed in addition to the

option of creating of new project and opening an

existing project. Within IDE a web page can also bedisplayed using View -> Show Browser -> Web

Browser menu. When the button with the label

New Project selected the following window will

appear:


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The left side of this screen gives the option to

choose the type of the project to be created.

Depending on the options selected during

installation of Visual Studio environment, one canchoose from a Visual Basic .NET, C#, C++, and

possibly other programming languages.


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The right side of this screen, gives the option to

choose a default template for the type of project that

will be created. There are many different templates

to choose from. The table given below provides alist of some of these project template types.


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Start Page of Visual Studio .NETProject Type DescriptionWindows Application Template for creating a normal windows application

Class Library Template for Creating classes that will be used in other application

Control Library Template for creating controls that will be used on Windows Forms.

ASP.NET Web Application Template for creating a Web site with static or dynamicHTML pages asthe user interface.

ASP.NET Web Services Template for creating Web Services that can be called through XMLSOAP interfaces.

Web Control Library Template for creating users own controls that will be called from Webapplications.

Console Application Template creating command-line applications.Windows Services Template for creating users own service that runs in the Windows

environment.Empty Project/Empty Web project Creates an empty project that a developer can use to build a project. No

templates supplied.


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Solution Explorer

Solution Explorer displays an organized list of

projects as well as the files and directories that are

part of the current solution. The solution can consist

of projects in different languages.


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Command Window The Command Window is a synergy of a command

line and Visual Basics immediate window.

Command Window can be activated by using View -

> Other Window -> Command Window. CommandWindow has two modesCommand Mode and

Immediate Mode. The Command Mode is used to

execute command directly in the Visual Studio .NET

environment bypassing the other commands whichare executed through the menu option.

C


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Command Window

When the Command Window is in Command Mode

its title bar displays the text Command Window

and the greater than symbol (>) appears in the

window as a prompt for new lines whereas if theCommand window is in Immediate Mode its title bar

displays the text Command Window Immediate.

The Immediate Mode is used to execute code

statements, set or assign values to the variables,evaluate expressions and many more.

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To switch into the Immediate Mode from Command

mode enter immed into the Command Window

without the greater than sign (>), whereas to switch

into the Command Mode from Immediate Modeenter >cmd into the command window.

Command Window

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Server Explorer

As the development has become more server-centric,

developers have a greater need to discover and

manipulate services on the net. The Server Explorer,

a new feature of Visual Studio.NET makes it easier.Through this a wide variety of server resources that

are available for use can be seen as shown below.

Even services can be restarted and stopped on the

server using Server Explorer. This window can beselected from View | Server Explorer

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Dynamic Help

This option can be selected from Help | Dynamic

Help

Dynamic Help provides appropriate help on a single

click. It provides pointers to relevant informationspecific to the current development task.

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Enhanced IntelliSense

Web Developers can get immediate help on tags,

properties and even values within the code editor

using the IntelliSense technology. Developer can

gain benefits of automatic statement completion andsyntax notifications when they write their code.

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Window Management

Various information windows in Visual Studio.NET

are dockable. When developers edit multiple

documents in the editor or designer, all the

documents appear as tabs on the top. Back andForward button allows developers to navigate

through the open windows in the environment.

Visual Studio.NET provides support for multiple

screens so that more windows can be opened at thesame time without sacrificing screen space.

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Designer

Designers can be selected from Tools | Options.

HTML Designer

HTML Designer is a graphical way to develop

HTML pages, ASPs and ASP.NET web forms

without delving into HTML or script code.

Windows Forms Designer

Using the Windows Forms Designer, rich Windows-based applications can be developed.

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Component Designer

Server side components can be built quickly andgraphically using the Component Designer of Visual

Studio.NET. It applies the concepts of RapidApplication Development form-based programmingto build middle-tier objects - a visual way forbuilding non-visual objects.

Instead of writing lots of server-based code,developers can drag and drop server components tothe design surface that will run on the server.

Designer

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Designer

XML Designer

The XML Designer provides tools for working with

XML and XSD files. Developers can create and edit

XML files and XSD schemas. Visual Studio .NET does not only have designer for

visual modules, but components also have a

designer. With the Component Designer, elements

from the toolbox can be dragged and dropped onto

the design surface. They receive a default name and

have logic automatically generated to integrate them

into the component.

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Web Hosting:

Developers wanting to deploy web applications and

XML web services by using Visual Studio.NET will

be at ease by the inclusion of new Web Hosting tabon the Start page in Visual Studio.NET. The Web

Hosting tab gives developers access to a list of

ASP.NET Web hosters to provide free Web space

and are integrated with Visual Studio.NET to

facilitate the deployment of completed applications

through a wizard.

Other Features

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Other Features

Third-party downloads:

Hundreds of software component vendors, training

companies and other partners have already adopted

and created .NET based software that is available fordevelopers to extend their solutions with Visual

Studio.NET. These third party resources can easily

be found on the Whats New tab on the Start page in

Visual Studio.NET.

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Other Features

It provides a place for developers to learn about the

new features in Visual Studio.NET as well as a place

to learn about the third party vendors providing

developer tools, languages, controls that work withand integrate with Visual Studio.NET.

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Other Features

Efficient Message Delivery:

Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) makes it easy

for developers to communicate with the application

programs quickly, reliably by sending and receivingmessages.

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Tools such as Notepad, the built-in XML editor in

VS.NET can be used to edit the properties and

change the values.

Dynamic Property Change

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Languages

This section discusses the Visual Studio .NET

compliant language. These language include Visual

C#, Visual Studio .NE and many more.

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Visual C#

Visual C# is a new language which runs inside the

.NET Framework. It is a simple, modern, object

oriented and type safe programming language

derived from C and C++. It is firmly planted in the Cand C++ family tree of languages and has a heritage

of Visual C++ that is expected to enable many of C

and C++ developers to use their existing skills to

rapidly develop sophisticated XML basedapplication. The key features are:

Enhanced productivity, Complete access to the

underlying platform and Low-level code control

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Visual Basic .NET

VB .NET provides much new functionality: new

object capabilities and new web capabilities head the

list.

Complete object-oriented capabilities

Language capabilities like structured error handling

and free threading

Adjustment of Visual Basic to CLS (CommonLanguage Specification) and CTS (Common Type

System)

Better web interface capabilities

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Web Interfaces in VB.NET

Visual Basic is the most used tool for component

development. DHTML pages and WebClasses in VB

6 never caught on. Developers stuck to ASP for

actual user interface manipulation. Today, byintroducing the .NET Framework, Microsoft has

opened a new option for web development.

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With VB.NET, web development is as easy as drag-and-drop. The .NET Framework includes Web

Forms that provides such capability. Web forms

work in Visual Basic the same way as with any

.NET language. A design surface will have webcontrols that resemble the normal form controls.

There is an HTML page containing positioning and

formatting information for the page and a code

module containing routines that can be attached to

the page. Some of these routines could be the event

routines that get fired by the web controls. Thus,

Web Forms and Server Controls make them work.

Web Interfaces in VB.NET

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Technology

Visual Studio also supports some technology which

are given below. With the help of Visual Studio

.NET a developer can create a robust application,

windows services or web services.

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Win Forms

Because of .NET Framework, it becomes easy to

develop web-based applications, however not all

applications will run on the web. So this is where

Windows Forms comes in. Windows Form orWinForms is a forms package that .NET uses to

build Windows based applications. WinForms are

set of classes and incorporate .NET platforms

technologies, such as object-oriented design,security, managed execution and support for

building data-aware applications based on

ADO.NET.

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All the controls in the WinForms will have certain

properties and events attached to them that a

developer can work upon. There are certain

enhancements made in the properties and eventsfrom previous Forms.

Win Forms

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Web Forms

Now days, applications that deal with the World

Wide Web are more widely created. Therefore

programmers have moved to Active Server Pages

(ASP) technology as a means to develop webapplications. Web forms are a part of the ASP.NET

technology. They allow the programmer to develop

web pages that combine visual HTML forms with

server side code.

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Web Forms

Visual Studio .NET takes full advantage of Web

Forms, one of the key new technologies in the .NET

Framework. With Web Forms, Visual Studio .NET

addresses the difference between the techniquesused to build desktop applications and those used to

create Web applications. With Visual Studio .NET

and Web Forms, developers can rapidly develop

cross-platform, cross-browser programmable Webapplications using the very same techniques

previously utilized to build form-based desktop

applications.

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A standard Web Forms page consists of a Web Form

"markup" file containing the visual, XML-based

representation of the page (HTML, WML, XML,

etc.), and a source file with event handling code. Thesource is compiled into executable code providing

fast runtime performance. Both files reside and

execute on the server where they generate a Web

page that is sent to the client.

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The page can be generated as pure HTML, which

means it can be viewed on any platform, with any

browser. Or it can target the special capabilities of a

specific browser. It can even be targeted to mobiledevices that support WML and WAP, using the

Adaptive UI Controls, all while using the same

business logic on the server.

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ADO.NET

ADO.NET is designed with the goal of better

serving the data access needs of web applications.

ADO.NET is designed to be data-centric, non-

database-centric, focused on handling disconnecteddata sets, and tightly integrated with XML. It

enables better data sharing capabilities between

components and tiers in an application.

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ADO.NET

The .NET Data Provider object group contains

objects for accessing SQL Server and OLEDB data

sources and includes Connection and Command

objects that are similar to their ADO counterparts. A.NET data provider is used for connecting to a

database, executing commands, and retrieving

results. Those results are either processed directly, or

placed in an ADO.NET DataSet in order to beexposed to the user.

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Web Services

Web Services are the component that runs on the

server and typically include business logic.

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Advent of Web Services

Before discussing .NET further in detail, shall learn

what Web Services are and then will see how .NET

relates to web services.

Historically, developers built applications byintegrating local system services. This model gave

developers access to a rich set of development

resources and precise control over how the

application would behave.

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A Web Service represents a black box functionalitythat can be reused without worrying about how the

service is implemented. They provide well-defined

interfaces that describe the services provided.

Developers can assemble applications using a

combination of remote services, local services and

custom code.


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For example, a company might assemble an online

store using Microsofts Passport service to

authenticate users, a third party personalization

service to adapt web pages to each userspreferences, a credit card processing service,

package tracking services from each shipping

company, an in-house catalog service that connects

to the companys internal inventory managementapplications, and a bit of custom code to make sure

that their store stands out from the crowd.


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.NET and Web Services .NET is founded on this principle of web services.

Through .NET, Microsoft is providing the

infrastructure to enable the evolution of web services

through each of the pieces of .NET platform.

It allows applications to use straightforward code to

access and utilize web-based services. The web

servers can thus easily expose their services to

external applications.

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The server that is providing the services or the clientapplications and web sites that are utilizing theseservices do not have to be necessarily written using.NET. It is just that .NET platform will make a loteasier to develop these applications.

The entire .NET plan of Microsoft is based on XMLthat helps create a common format to send andtransfer data over a network. Microsoft wantseveryone from software developers to software usersto use XML technology for transferring data overthe web.

.NET and Web Services

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Summary

Key points covered in this chapter are:

Visual Studio.NET (VS.NET) is a powerful

development tool and provides an IDE for various

different languages. Visual Studio.NET does not only have designer for

visual modules, but components also have a designer

VS.NET the development process substantiallyeasier and more productive by providing a drag-and-

drop rapid application development solution for

developers

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C# is a simple, modern, object oriented and type safe

programming language derived from C and C++.

ASP.NET's brings a language-independent way of

creating components and dynamic web applicationsthat can produce output on any platform or device.

ADO.NET works with data in a disconnected way

under .NET Frameworks stateless distributed web

model.

ADO.NET is specifically designed to operate in 3-

tier environment.

Summary

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Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:

__________________ displays an organized list of projects

Command Window has two modes_____________ and

__________________

The _____________ can show all current syntax errors in the

current code

The _____________ provides tools for working with XML

and XSD files.

____________ supply the user interface for viewing the logs

and a programming interface for examining the logs.

Solution Explorer

Command

Immediate mode

TaskList

XMLDesigner

EventLogs

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State True or False: The standard VB form has been replaced by Web

Form.

The Command Mode is used to execute command

directly in the Visual Studio .NET environment

which are not supported in the menu option of the

VS.NET.

A wide variety of server resources that are availablefor use can be seen with help of Solution Explorer.

Self Assessment

True

True

True

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State True or False:

Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) makes it easy

for developers to communicate with the application

programs quickly. C# aims to combine the high productivity of Visual

Basic and the raw power of C++.

Self Assessment

True

True

Chapter 2 - .NET Component

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