CHAPTER 2

CHAPTER 2

THE CREATIVE THINKING MEASURES

CREATIVE PROCESS INSTRUMENTS

• Two most famous:

1.The Guilford’s Structure of Intellectual Test

2.Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking

• Follows by:

3.The Thinking Creatively in Action & Movement Test (Torrance 1981)

4.The Wallach & Kogan Test (1965)5.The Remote Associates Test (Mednick 1967)6.The Thinking Creatively with Sounds & Words

Test (1973)7.The Creative Story Tests8.The Test of Creative Skills

1. THE GUILFORD’S STRUCTURE OF INTELLECT TEST

• Created based on Guilford’s famous structure of intellect model which emphasizes divergent thinking.

• Alternative Uses Test– Available for secondary school students & adults

– A single task requiring individuals to list alternate uses for six common objects

2. THE TORRANCE TESTS OF CREATIVE THINKING

• Has been used in over 30 different languages & have been published & standardize in

– France – Italy– Czechoslovakia– Taiwan

• The tests includes figural & verbal from over 150,000 children & adults.

• The tests are scored for:1.Originality2.Fluency3.Flexibility4.Elaboration

3. THE THINKING CREATIVELY IN ACTION & MOVEMENT TEST

• Individuals are asked to move across the room in as many different ways as possible based on a specific topic such as “a tree in the wind”.

• The movement are evaluated for fluency (number of ideas/movement) & originality as they are expressed in movement.

4. THE WALLACH & KOGAN TEST

• Is a series of tasks requiring divergent thinking.

• Participant are asked to name all things with wheels he/she can think of.

• The test is scored for fluency (number of ideas & uniqueness (ideas that others could not think of)

5. THE REMOTE ASSOCIATE TEST

• AKA “RAT” is constructed based on Mednick theory (1967).

• He view creative thinking as result of mental associations.

• The examinee is asked to generate a word that can be associated with three different words provided.

• E.g: BIRTHDAY, SURPRISE, NIGHT = can be associated with PARTY.

6. THE THINKING CREATIVELY WITH SOUNDS & WORDS TEST

• Developed to assess individual’s creative responses using sounds & words.

• Individuals are asked to jot down their mental images based on abstract sounds / words presented to them.

7. THE CREATIVE STORY TEST

• Used to measure creative thinking in terms of thinking fixity (mental blocks).

• Measures the ability of the respondents to shift normal perspective to take a different point to the view.

8. THE TEST OF CREATIVE SKILLS

• Used to measure creative thinking in terms of fluency, flexibility & originality.

• Two e.g:1.The Purdue Test (for industrial setting).2.The Uses for a Brick Test.

• Scores are given for the number of answers others give.

• E.g.

CREATIVE PEOPLE INSTRUMENTS

1. THE KHATENA-TORRANCE CREATIVE PERCEPTION INVENTORY

• Consists of two tests:

a)What Kind of Person Are You (WKOPAY).

b)Something About Myself (SAM).

a) What Kind of Person Are You? (WKOPAY)• Designed to yield an index of the individual’s

disposition/motivation to function in creative ways.

• Consists of 50 forced-choice items.

• Examinee to choose between item that maybe socially desirable / undesirable, creative/uncreative.

• 5 creative factors:1.Acceptance of authority.2.Self-confidence.3.Inquisitiveness.4.Awareness.5.Disciplined imagination.

b) Something About Myself (SAM)

• Designed to reflect an individual’s personality characteristic, thinking strategies & creative products.

• 5 creative factors:

1.Environmental sensitivity.2.Initiative.3.Self-strength.4.Intellectuality.5.Individuality & Artistry.

2. THE CREATIVE ATTITUDE SURVEY

• Designed to assess individual’s attitude associated with the creative thinking, including:– Confidence in one’s ideas.– Appreciation of fantasy, theoretical & aesthetic

orientation.– Openness to impulse expression & use of novelty.

3. GROUP INVENTORIES FOR FINDING TALENT TESTS. • Individuals respond Yes/No to a series of

statement designed to assess traits of:1. Independence.2. Flexibility.3. Curiosity.4. Perseverance.5. Breadth of interest.6. Past creative activities & hobbies.

4. THE BIOGRAPHICAL INVENTORY

• Designed based on the assumption that the best predictor of future activity.

• Consists of 165 items in which the individual is asked whether he/she has participated in a given activity.

• The test yields 4 scores:1. Creative art (females).2. Creative writing (females).3. Creative math & science (males).4. Art writing (males).

CREATIVE PRODUCT INSTRUMENTS

• More concerned with the quality of the products itself than how a creative product came to be.

• The products to be assessed:– Useful Innovations.– Writings.– Art works.– Scientific experiments.– Other creative product that can be evaluated.

1. THE STUDENT PRODUCT ASSESSMENT FORM (SPAF)

• Used to rate student’s products on several factors.

• The factors include:1. Early statement of purpose.2. Problem focusing.3. Diversity of resources.

4. Logic.5. Sequence & transition.6. Originality of the idea.7. Action orientation.8. Audience.9. Overall Assessment.

2. THE CREATIVE PRODUCT ANALYSIS MATRIX (CPAM)

• 3 dimensions for assessing the creative product e.g:i. Novelty.ii. Resolution.iii. Elaboration & Synthesis.

i. NOVELTYOriginality of the product & its potential for generating further ideas & changes.

ii. RESOLUTIONHow well the product serves its intended purpose, fulfils a need/solves a problem.

iii. ELABORATION & SYNTHESIS.Stylistic attributes of the product & may include diverse complexity /simple elegance.

• Strength:Able to provide clear indices of creative thinking through a visible product.

3. THE CREATIVE PAINTING ASSESSMENT (YANPIAW CREATIVE PAINTING ASSESSMENT) (YCPA)

• Used to measure the ways respondents evaluate creative painting.

• Used to obtain a list of evaluation criteria of art teachers on student’s painting.

• Consist of two paintings.

1.PAINTING AShow criteria expression.

2.PAINTING BIndicates high drawing skills & neatness.

• Respondent is shown the two paintings & asked to answer questions concerning how they evaluate the paintings & the evaluation criteria they use.

• Answers are recorded manually in an interview sheet & on a tape recorder.