Chapter 15 Test Review

Chapter 15 Test ReviewThe Atmosphere

Characteristics of the

Atmosphere

Heating of the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Pressure and

Winds

The Air We Breathe

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1. Wind occurs because air tends to move from regions of higher to lower.

• a. latitude.• b. nitrogen levels.• c. pressure.• d. humidity.

2. Wind is created by differences in

• a. air temperature.• b. air pressure.• c. humidity.• d. altitude.

3. In which section do the westerlies occur?• a. section 1• b. section 3• c. section 2• d. section 4

4. In which section do the polar easterlies occur?

• a. section 1• b. section 3• c. section 2• d. section 4

5. In which section do the southeast trade winds occur?• a. section 1• c. section 3• b. section 2• d. section 4

6. Where are the doldrums?

• a. at 0º latitude• b. at 60º latitude• c. at 30º latitude• d. at the poles

7. Which of the following statements describing a sea breeze is true?

• a. Air over the water is cooler, which creates an area of high pressure.

• b. Air over the water is cooler, which creates an area of low pressure.

• c. Air over the water is warmer, which creates an area of low pressure.

• d. Air over the water is warmer, which creates an area of high pressure.

8. Which of the following statements describing a land breeze is true?

• a. Air over the water is cooler, creating an area of high pressure as it rises.

• b. Air over the water is cooler, creating an area of low pressure as it rises.

• c. Air over the water is warmer, creating an area of low pressure as it rises.

• d. Air over the water is warmer, creating an area of high pressure as it rises.

9. At night, cool air sinks into a valley from the mountain peaks, creating a

• a. valley breeze.• b. land breeze.• c. mountain breeze.• d. jet stream.

10. During the day, warm air from a valley moves upslope, creating a• a. valley breeze.• b. land breeze.• c. mountain breeze.• d. sea breeze.

11. Compared to the poles, the air at the equator is warmer and

• a. less dense, creating an area of high pressure as it rises.

• b. less dense, creating an area of low pressure as it rises.

• c. more dense, creating an area of low pressure as it rises.

• d. more dense, creating an area of high pressure as it rises.

12. Most of the heat from equatorial regions is moved toward the poles by• a. convection.• b. conduction.• c. radiation.• d. precipitation.

13. Near the Earth's surface, air is heated by

• a. convection.• b. ozone.• c. solar winds.• d. conduction.

14. Narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere are known as

• a. trade winds.• b. jet streams.• c. westerlies.• d. polar easterlies. •  

15. The Earth’s rotation causes wind to travel in a curved path rather than in a straight line do to a phenomenon called the _______.• a. Easterlies• b. Polar Easterlies• c. Coriolis effect• d. Westerlies

1. About ____ percent of the solar energy that reaches the outer atmosphere is absorbed at the Earth's surface.• a. 20• b. 50• c. 30• d. 70

2. The Earth receives energy from the sun in the form of

• a. ozone.• b. carbon dioxide.• c. nitrogen.• d. radiation.•  

3. When radiation reaches the Earth's atmosphere, about 25 percent of it is• a. scattered and reflected by clouds and ai

r.• b. absorbed by the Earth's surface.• c. reflected by the Earth's surface. • d. absorbed by ozone, clouds, and air.

4. When radiation reaches the Earth's atmosphere, about 5 percent of it is

• a. reflected by clouds and air. • b. absorbed by the Earth's surface.•  c. reflected by the Earth's surface.• d. absorbed by ozone, clouds, and air.

5. When radiation reaches the Earth's atmosphere, about 20 percent of it is• a. reflected by the Earth's surface.• b. reflected by clouds and air.• c. absorbed by ozone, clouds, and air.• d. absorbed by the Earth's surface.•  •  •  •  •  

6. How does most thermal energy in the atmosphere move?

• a. conduction• b. convection• c. advection• d. radiation

7. Near the Earth's surface, air is heated by

• a. convection. • b. ozone.• c. solar winds.• d. conduction.

8. The balance between incoming radiation and outgoing heat energy is called

• a. convection.• b. radiation balance.• c. conduction.• d. greenhouse effect.

9. Most of the United States is located in which prevailing wind belt?

• a. northeast trade winds• b. southeast trade winds• c. westerlies• d. doldrums

10. An increase in the greenhouse effect would cause• a. global warming.• b. convection.• c. conduction.• d. acid precipitation.

1. In the stratosphere, temperature ____ with increasing altitude.

• a. decreases• b. fluctuates• c. increases• d. stays the same

1. Which of the following produces the greatest amount of pollution?

• a. human-made primary pollutants• b. human-made secondary pollutants • c. naturally made primary pollutants• d. None of the above

2. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a pollutant?

• a. dust• b. sea salt• c. pollen• d. None of the above

3. Automobile exhaust reacts with air and sunlight to form

• a. smog.• b. ozone.• c. a primary pollutant.• d. acid precipitation.

4. Ozone reacts with automobile exhaust to form

• a. ash.• b. smoke.• c. a primary pollutant.• d. smog.

5. Seventy percent of the carbon monoxide in the United States is

produced by• a. power plants.• b. fuel-burning vehicles.• c. volcanoes.• d. factories.

6. Which of the following is NOT an effect of air pollution?

• a. cancer• b. increased colds• c. allergies• d. None of the above

7. The Clean Air Act• a. controls the amount of air pollutants that

can be released from most sources.• b. requires cars to run on fuels other than

gasoline.• c. requires many industries to use

scrubbers.• d. (a) and (c) only

8. ____ removes ash and other particles from smokestacks.

• a. Ozone• b. Convection• c. Scrubber• d. Radiation

2. The part of the atmosphere that humans live in.

• a. stratosphere.• b. troposphere.• c. thermosphere. • d. mesosphere.

3. The ____ is the coldest layer of the atmosphere.

• a. troposphere• b. mesosphere• c. stratosphere• d. thermosphere

4. The area of the atmosphere that has extreme temperatures, but it

wouldn’t feel hot if you were there.• a. thermosphere.• c. mesosphere.• b. stratosphere.• d. troposphere.

5. The area of the atmosphere that some radio signals like AM signals are reflected back down to Earth

and be heard anyplace on the globe.• a. Troposphere• b. Stratosphere• c. Mesosphere• d. Ionosphere

6. What is the most abundant gas in the air that we breathe?

• a. Oxygen• b. Hydrogen• c. Nitrogen• d. Carbon dioxide

7. The layers of the atmosphere are divided into layers based on_____.

• a. Altitude• b. Temperature• c. Atmospheric pressure • d. the type of gasses it is composed of

8. What percent of the atmosphere is composed of oxygen?

• a. 78%• b. 22%• c. 68%• d. 21%

9. What is the most abundant gas in the air that we breathe?

• a. Oxygen• b. Hydrogen• c. Nitrogen• d. Carbon dioxide

10. As ____ increases, air pressure decreases

• a. Water vapor • b. Radiation• c. Altitude• d. Pollution

Wow!!