Chapter 15: Immigrants and Urbanization By: Henry, Eric, Jess, Jade, Meghan, Melinda, Shantel, Little Italy.

Chapter 15:Immigrants and Urbanization

By: Henry, Eric, Jess, Jade, Meghan, Melinda, Shantel, Little Italy

The New Immigrants

Europeans• Religion.• Population.

Chinese and Japanese• gold rush.• railroads.

The West Indies and Mexico•Jobs.

• 14 year old immigrant• American dream• Worked menial jobs• Bought a business• Was not satisfied

Fong See

Life in the New Land• Was a long, hard trip to

America• Ellis Island- main entry for

European immigrants• Had to pass health and

governmental inspections• 17,000,000 immigrants passed

through Ellis Island

• Angel Island- Asian entry area to U.S.

• In U.S., immigrants stayed by each other

Johnny Weissmuller

• Born in Timisoara, Romania

• Came to America on S.S. Rotterdam

• Arrived in New York on January 26, 1905

• Won five Olympic Gold medals in swimming

• Was actor in Tarzan Movies

–Set 67 world records

Benjamin Harrison

• 23 President • First to conduct "front-porch"

campaigns• “Little Ben”• First Pan American Congress• Tariff Issue• Party leaders abandoned

President Harrison

Immigration Restrictions

• Strong feelings emerged due to moving • Nativism led to anti immigration groups • Bill passes for literacy test for immigrants• Jobs go to Chinese• Gentleman's agreement• Immigrations closed except Asians

Grover ClevelandBorn in New Jersey

Elected President 1884

Re-elected in 1992

Lost popularity in own party

Congress didn’t back

Urbanization• Cities had bad living conditions.• Industrial jobs.• Americanization Movement.• Assimilate immigrants.• Inventions sped up urbanization.

Jacob Riis

• Denmark immigrant

• 1873 New York news

• Photo –journalism

• Poverty

• Inform and make a difference

Urban Problems

• Overcrowded, unsanitary tenements• New standards = worse living conditions• Bad water• Scavengers and sewer lines• Big city fires

Jane Admas• September 6, 1880• Wealthy family• Europe• Toynbee House• 1889-Hull House• Educational, Cultural, Social

services

Reformers Mobilize

• Social Gospel Movement• Settlement Houses• Charles Stover, Stanton Coit-NY-1886• 1890-Janie Porter Barrett-Locust Street Social

Settlement• Social responsibility toward poor

Me!

•Came From china

•Live in New York City

•Wear nice clothes

•I am single

Political Machine and Scandal

• Political Machine– Precinct Captains, Ward Bosses, City Boss

• Helped immigrants• Fraud and Graft• William M. Tweed– Thomas Nast

James A. Garfield• November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881

• 20th President

• Assassinated four months after his inauguration

(second shortest president)

• Republican Ohio Congressman

• Reformer

• Shot by a mentally unbalanced lawyer named

Charles Guiteau that wanted vice president Arthur to

govern.

• Problem of Patronage (Spoils System).

• Reformers push for a merit system of hiring in civil

service.

• Progress with republican presidents Rutherford B. Hayes,

James A. Garfield (assassinated) and Chester A. Arthur.

• Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883: bipartisan civil

service commission makes appointments to federal jobs

through a merit system based on candidates’ performance

on an examination.

• Strong Alliance between government and business.

• Big business and Republican want to raise tariffs.

• Democratic Party wants to lower tariff (and prices).

• Attempt to reduce tariffs fails (Cleveland), but spirit

of reform is still alive.