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Installing the Network
Chapter 11
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Chapter 7 2
Chapter Objectives
Explain the need of structured cablingIdentify cables and different types of connectorsWork with different types of cablesIdentify closets, conduits and cable trayInstall racks and manage cablesWork with modular outlets
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Chapter 7 3
Recall - I
Repeater is a device that is used to regenerate signalsBridges are used to connect multiple LAN segmentsTypes of bridges are:
Transparent bridgeTranslational bridgeSource-route bridge
The static and dynamic are two types of router
Types of hubs are:Passive hub
Active hubIntelligent hub
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Chapter 7 4
Recall - II
Switch is the device with filtering and forwarding featureThe different methods used by switches to send dataare:
Cut-through methodStore and forward methodFragment-free method
Gateway provides interconnection between differentnetworks and translation service
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Chapter 7 5
Structured Cabling
Comprises of cables and associated hardware partsProvides an organized way of low voltage wiringTransmits data that is built in structured formNeed of structured cabling:
Consistency Standard cabling systems for Data, voiceand videoCost Reduction Reduces the cost by reducing thenumber of cablesTroubleshooting Isolates and fixes the problemMobility Network resources are portableSupports upgrading Supports future applications
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Chapter 7 6
Design Considerations of StructuredCabling
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Chapter 7 7
Structured Cabling - II
Design Considerations of structured cablingEntrance Facilities Connects the building with theoutside world
Equipment Room Serves the users within the roomTelecommunications Room Accommodates thecabling system equipmentBackbone Cabling Interconnectstelecommunications room, equipments room andentrance facilities
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Chapter 7 8
Structured Cabling - III
Design Considerations of structured cablingHorizontal Cabling Extends from the work areatelecommunications outlet to telecommunicationsclosetWork Area Components extend from thetelecommunications outlet to the stations equipment
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Chapter 7 9
Cable Distance I
Horizontal Cabling Distancehorizontal cabling distance is 99 meters (TIA/EIA-568A)
6 meters of patch cable90 meters horizontal (routed in the wall)3 meters of station cable99 meters total (rounded off to 100 meters)
Backbone cable DistanceDepends on type of cable being used and on itslocation
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Chapter 7 10
Pulling Cables - I
While dealing with structured cabling you have topull out the cables from some conduits and punchdown the free end of the cableConduits are PVC or flexible plastic pipes used to
organize the cablesPull twine through the conduits
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Chapter 7 11
Pulling cables - II
Elementsrequired for
pulling cables
Fish Tape Twine Conduits Scale and
Tape
Patch Panel
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Chapter 7 12
Pulling Cable Tools
Fish Tape Twine Conduit
Scale &Tape
Patch Panel
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Chapter 7 13
Cables
Two or more wires bound together, in protective jacket or sheathDifferent types of cables:
Twisted pair cableCoaxial cableOptical fiber cableShielded and Unshielded cable
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Chapter 7 14
Cable Connectors I
Part of cable which plugs into port or interface toconnect one device to anotherConnectors: Male and Female
DB-15 connectors - Commonly used on electronic andcomputer equipmentRJ45 Connectors Used in networking to connectcomputer to network card
BNC Coaxial Connectors Used with coaxial cablesor used with Ethernet system
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Chapter 7 15
Cable Connectors II
210 Patch Plug Uses internal pair isolation, pair-to-pair compensation and layered contactsToken-Ring Data Connector Used on end of ashielded twisted pair cable
Distinguishing WiresColor coding makes identification each wire or pair ofwires in the cable easierTip and ring Identifies plus wire and minus wire
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Chapter 7 16
Cabling Tools
Used in networking to work with wires or devices orto connect wires and devices to each otherDifferent tools used are:
Punchdown ToolsRJ45 Crimping ToolCoaxial Cable Crimping ToolPin Crimping Tool
Cable stripper
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Chapter 7 17
Working with Cables I
Installation works in three stages:Running cable from central point to the roomWall jacks are mounted and cables ended into jacks
Wire cables from the central end to switchboardColor Coding
Helps to classify different types of wiresPatch cable and cross over cable can be differentiatedon the basis of colour coding
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Chapter 7 18
Working with Cables II
Tools and materials required for crimping cable:RJ45 Crimping Tool
Wire stripper
Wire cutter
RJ-45 plugs
Cat-5 UTP cables
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Chapter 7 19
Working with Cables III
Straight through CableSame pin out connections at bothends
Used to connect dissimilar devices
Crossover CableModify pin out connectionsat one endUsed to connect similar typesof devices
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Chapter 7 20
Working with Cables IV
Weak LinkMostly, weakest link is the station cable, which runsfrom wall to desktop
Information Outlet
Protect horizontal wiring from physical handling thatcables receiveKeep installation neat and eliminate unsightly snakepit of unused cables coiled on floor
Station CableRuns between information outlet
and network node e.g. PC
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Chapter 7 21
RJ45 Modular Outlet
Device used to connect shielded or unshieldedcables
Acts as extension where wires are fixed on the
either side of modular connector
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Chapter 7 22
Closet
Main point in an organization where major networking cablingcome togetherEquipment in a wiring closet includes:
Patch panels for vertical wiringPatch panels for horizontal wiringWiring hubsUninterruptible Power Supplies
Types of wiring closets:Intermediate Distribution Frames (IDF)Main Distribution Frame (MDF)
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Chapter 7 23
Closet Details
Typical equipment in a wiring closet are:Backbone wiring cross-connect deviceHorizontal wiring cross-connect device
Patch cablesWiring hubsBackup power for wiring hubsRouter and modems
Access server
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Chapter 7 24
Cross-Connect Devices - I
Make easy to reconfigure horizontal and backbonewiringTerminates cable or group of cablesMake terminations available for interconnection toother cablesIn data networks Small cross-connect device willterminate backbone cable and make it available forconnection to wiring hubIn wiring hub Larger cross-connect device willterminate horizontal wiring before it enters hub
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Chapter 7 25
Cross-Connect Devices - II
66M PunchDown Block
Patch Panel
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Chapter 7 26
Cabinets and Racks - I
Patch panels and wiring hubs can mount on wall inbrackets, stand in racks or reside in full cabinetsthat are racks with doors
If small installation
Mount patch panels andwiring hubs on wall
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Chapter 7 27
Cabinets and Racks - II
DistributionRack
FullEquipment
Cabinet
Rack
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Chapter 7 28
Neat Cables
Used to avoid damage to cable pairs and used to tiethe cablesTies come in many sizes and materials
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Chapter 7 29
Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS)
Equip network file serverswith backup power
Allow wiring hubs to go
without power duringpower failure
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Chapter 7 30
ConduitsPlastic pipes that run through wall plate betweenwiring closetsIf space left:
Used to pull a new cable
Used as replacement for a bad oneFor added capacity
Fish tape An equipment which is part of any installers toolboxConsists of a reel of wire stiff enough to push its waythrough the conduit
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Chapter 7 31
Cable Trays
Provide large cable systemWire rack designed to carry the weight of the cablesCommon in modern wiring closets and in building
infrastructure spaces such as basements, airshafts,and ceilingPoint to note when cables run inside ceilings andwalls
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Chapter 7 32
Configuring Backbone Cable
Wiring closet that contain patch and cross-connectpanels which connect to horizontal wiringBackbone wiring link each wiring closet to cross-connect point or (MDF)Locating the closet
Different parameters to keep in mind when going forcloset
Backbone CableModern installations use UTP or fiber-optic cable forthe backbone
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Chapter 7 33
Installation of Racks
Explains how to place networking equipments andaccumulate different small equipment on the plate ofthe rack
Factors to be considered while installing the rack:Location to install the rackInstallation holes markingInstallation of the rack nuts
Mount the different rails onto the rackMount the different devices onto the rack
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Chapter 7 34
Managing Cables
Cables:Should not run over desk
Should not be entangled
To manage cables:Free space on the desk where the cables will runHoles at top of deskMount to protect cables
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Chapter 7 35
Wire Manager
Used to mange wires that are common to one placeTools used to manage wires:
Cable ties
ConduitsTwinesCable managerLabelsSpiral wrapsUnitags
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Chapter 7 36
Labeling Cables
Used to identify path of the cablesDistinct color and pattern of code of cable labelhelps identify cables
Labels can be written with a pen or a pencilCables labeled using Label templates
Labels on Outlet
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Chapter 7 37
Case Study 1
The network administrator of the Mumbai branch ofMoneyMaker bank is facing difficulties in
maintaining the network. In case the network goesdown due to some hardware failure, identifying thesource of the problem and troubleshooting it is verytime consuming. The layout of the network has not
been changed since the time it was set up.
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Chapter 7 38
Problem
The maintenance and troubleshooting of the networkis problematic and time consuming
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Chapter 7 39
SolutionDeploy a dedicated closetUse full equipment cabinetUse rack and configure the hardwareUse appropriate cable and crimp the cable
Define maximum backbone cable length andhorizontal cable lengthUse different wire managerUse modular outlet and I/O plateUse third party hardware monitoring or thetroubleshooting devices
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Chapter 7 40
Summary - I
Structured cabling system is a set of cabling whichinterconnects different equipments in anorganization in a structured mannerCable connectors are used to connect the cablesCabling tolls are helpful to make connectionbetween the cable and the connectorColour Code helps to identify the types of wiresCat5 cables are punched into Information outlet (IO)as per the colour codingJack Panel is used to connect horizontal cabling tonetwork
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Summary - II
Straight through cables have the pin outconnections similar at both the endsCross over cable change the pin out connections atone endInstalling the rack explains how to place networkingequipments and accumulate different smallequipment on the tray of the rackWire manager can organize the disorganized cablesand makes it easy to accessLabeling the cables help you to identify the path ofthe cables and makes the troubleshooting easy
