Chapter 11 National and Regional Growth. Learning Targets I Can…Define and identify the Cotton Gin, Eli Whitney, Nat Turner, and Spirituals. I Can…Define.

Chapter 11Chapter 11

National and Regional GrowthNational and Regional Growth

Learning TargetsLearning Targets

I Can…Define and identify the Cotton Gin, Eli I Can…Define and identify the Cotton Gin, Eli Whitney, Nat Turner, and Spirituals.Whitney, Nat Turner, and Spirituals.

I Can…Explain the cause and effect of the I Can…Explain the cause and effect of the Cotton Gin on Southern lifeCotton Gin on Southern life

I Can…Summarize the impact of cotton on I Can…Summarize the impact of cotton on American lifeAmerican life

I Can…Compare the different conditions I Can…Compare the different conditions faced by African Americans in the Southfaced by African Americans in the South

I Can…Explain what forms of resistance to I Can…Explain what forms of resistance to slavery took placeslavery took place

Eli Whitney (Cotton Gin)Eli Whitney (Cotton Gin)

Invented the cotton gin in 1793.Invented the cotton gin in 1793.Could clean up to 50 pounds of cotton in Could clean up to 50 pounds of cotton in

one day (cleaning cotton by hand meant one day (cleaning cotton by hand meant you could clean one pound per day)you could clean one pound per day)

Invented for the plantation of Catherine Invented for the plantation of Catherine Greene, who had hired him to tutor her Greene, who had hired him to tutor her childrenchildren

Eli Whitney (Cotton Gin)Eli Whitney (Cotton Gin)

Effects of the Cotton GinEffects of the Cotton Gin

More people move westwardMore people move westwardPlanters grow cotton more than other Planters grow cotton more than other

crops (more valuable)crops (more valuable)Native Americans driven off their lands to Native Americans driven off their lands to

clear more for farmingclear more for farmingSLAVERY – Cotton crops require large SLAVERY – Cotton crops require large

work forces. Importance of slavery to the work forces. Importance of slavery to the south’s economy growssouth’s economy grows

Economic ImpactsEconomic Impacts Increased cotton production and the textile Increased cotton production and the textile

factories changed the economic and social factories changed the economic and social structure of Europe and America.structure of Europe and America.

Slave prices increase sharplySlave prices increase sharply 1808 – America bans international slave trade, but still 1808 – America bans international slave trade, but still

has domestic saleshas domestic sales

By the Civil War, cotton accounts By the Civil War, cotton accounts

for 2/3 of America’s exportsfor 2/3 of America’s exports

$200 million/year$200 million/year

Expansion of SlaveryExpansion of Slavery

Price of strong male slaves reaches Price of strong male slaves reaches $1,000 by the 1830’s.$1,000 by the 1830’s.

Slavery divides the South – Rich Slavery divides the South – Rich plantation owners vs. small farmers.plantation owners vs. small farmers.Slavery necessary for both to profitSlavery necessary for both to profit

About 1/3 of South’s population enslavedAbout 1/3 of South’s population enslavedFree Blacks – Some had to leave once Free Blacks – Some had to leave once

they got their freedom.they got their freedom.

Slave RebellionsSlave Rebellions

Nat TurnerNat TurnerVirginia, 1831. Virginia, 1831. Kills 55 white men, women, & childrenKills 55 white men, women, & childrenTurner’s men are all captured and killedTurner’s men are all captured and killedSpreads fear in the South; New lawsSpreads fear in the South; New laws

Life Under Life Under SlaverySlavery

By the early 1800’s, a distinct African-By the early 1800’s, a distinct African-American culture has been created.American culture has been created.

SpiritualsSpirituals – Religious folk songs, some – Religious folk songs, some contained coded messages.contained coded messages. Influence music todayInfluence music today

Families sold apart, some ran away to find Families sold apart, some ran away to find loved ones.loved ones.

Slave owners blamed the economy or the Slave owners blamed the economy or the slave auctioneers for slavery.slave auctioneers for slavery.

Life Under Life Under SlaverySlavery

Quiz TimeQuiz Time

1.1. What product’s rise in importance as a result of What product’s rise in importance as a result of the invention of Eli Whitney lead to an increase the invention of Eli Whitney lead to an increase in the slave labor in the South?in the slave labor in the South?

2.2. By the American Civil War, cotton accounted By the American Civil War, cotton accounted for what percentage of the US exports?for what percentage of the US exports?

3.3. What music was used by African Americans to What music was used by African Americans to uplift and hide secret messages inside them?uplift and hide secret messages inside them?

4.4. What does it mean to be “Sold upriver?”What does it mean to be “Sold upriver?”

5.5. What famous African American lead a revolt What famous African American lead a revolt that lead to the death of 55 white men and that lead to the death of 55 white men and women?women?

AnswersAnswers

1.1. CottonCotton

2.2. 2/3rds2/3rds

3.3. SpiritualsSpirituals

4.4. To be sent further south to worse To be sent further south to worse conditionsconditions

5.5. Nat TurnerNat Turner