Chapter 10: A Democratic Revolution: 1800 —1844 • How did debates over federal power, states rights, and the authority of different branches of the federal government change the nation’s democratic ideals and reform its institutions? • How did government policy shaped by interest in expanding trade and national borders give rise to debates and compromises over the extension of slavery? President Andrew President Andrew Jackson Jackson “ King King” Andrew? Andrew?
Chapter 10: A Democratic Revolution: 1800—1844. How did debates over federal power, states rights, and the authority of different branches of the federal government change the nation ’ s democratic ideals and reform its institutions? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chapter 10: A Democratic Revolution: 1800—1844
• How did debates over federal power, states rights, and the authority of different branches of the federal government change the nation’s democratic ideals and reform its institutions?
• How did government policy shaped by interest in expanding trade and national borders give rise to debates and compromises over the extension of slavery? President Andrew President Andrew
JacksonJackson
““KingKing””Andrew?Andrew?
What is the American Democratic Revolution?
• What are the characteristics of this revolution?
• How are things changing?
• What are the effects of this revolution on the U.S.
Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c
Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c
• White male suffrage increased – new states White male suffrage increased – new states introduce universal male suffrage. introduce universal male suffrage.
• Party nominating committees. Begun by a Party nominating committees. Begun by a third party.third party.
• Voters chose their stateVoters chose their state’’s Presidential s Presidential electors.electors.
• Spoils system.Spoils system.
• Rise of Third Parties.Rise of Third Parties.
• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)etc.)
• Two-party system returned in the 1832 Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:election:
The New The New ““Jackson CoalitionJackson Coalition””The New The New ““Jackson CoalitionJackson Coalition””• The Planter Elite in the The Planter Elite in the
SouthSouth
• People on the FrontierPeople on the Frontier
• State Politicians – State Politicians – spoils spoils systemsystem “Turn the rascals out, put our rascals in.”
• Immigrants in the cities.Immigrants in the cities.
JacksonJackson’’s Faith s Faith in the in the ““Common ManCommon Man””
JacksonJackson’’s Faith s Faith in the in the ““Common ManCommon Man””
• Intense distrust of EasternIntense distrust of Eastern““establishment,establishment,”” monopolies, monopolies, & special privilege. Notables& special privilege. Notables
• His heart & soul was with theHis heart & soul was with the““plain folk.plain folk.””
• Belief that the common man Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon was capable of uncommon achievements.achievements.
The Reign of The Reign of ““King MobKing Mob””
The Inaugural Brawl!The Inaugural Brawl!
The Reign of The Reign of ““King MobKing Mob””
The Inaugural Brawl!The Inaugural Brawl!
Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident
Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident
• 18281828 ““Tariff of AbominationTariff of Abomination”” reenactment signed in 1832reenactment signed in 1832
• South CarolinaSouth Carolina’’s reactions reaction? – ? – Nullification (Nullification (The South Carolina The South Carolina Exposition and ProtestExposition and Protest, by V.P. , by V.P. Calhoun)Calhoun)
• JacksonJackson’’s responses response? Military Force ? Military Force BillBill
Jackson and The Native Americans• 1828 The Cherokee Tribes of Georgia
wrote and adopted a constitution with 3 branch government.– Georgia declared the Cherokee
Assembly illegal (SC ruled in favor of Indians)
• – state has no authority in tribal legislation• Worcester v Georgia –state has no
authority in tribal legislationJackson’s Response:– “John Marshall had made his decision,
now let him enforce it.”• How does this quote from Jackson show his
increasing strength as President?
The Cherokee Nation After The Cherokee Nation After 18201820
The Cherokee Nation After The Cherokee Nation After 18201820
Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal
Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)
Indian Removal Act of 1830
• 100,000 Indians moved from east of Mississippi
• 1832 – Black Hawk War• 1835-42 Osceola and Florida
Seminoles• 1838-39 “Trail of Tears” 14,000
Cherokees, 116 days – 3,000 deaths (25%)– 100 million acres given up– $68 million paid out, 32 million
acres in West
JacksonJackson’’s Professed s Professed ““LoveLove”” forfor
Native AmericansNative Americans
JacksonJackson’’s Professed s Professed ““LoveLove”” forfor
Native AmericansNative Americans
Jacksonians on States’ Rights
• Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge (1837)– States, not federal government, had
power to enter into contracts regarding infrastructure, transportation.
• Maysville Road Veto - I am not able to view [the Maysville Road Bill] in any other light than as a measure of purely local character.... It has no connection with any established system of improvements; [and] is exclusively within the limits of a State [Kentucky]....
JacksonJackson’’s Use of Federal s Use of Federal PowerPower
JacksonJackson’’s Use of Federal s Use of Federal PowerPower
VETOVETO
1830 1830 Maysville RoadMaysville Road projectproject in KY [state of his in KY [state of his political rival, Henry political rival, Henry Clay] Clay]
The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate
The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate
NicholasNicholasBiddleBiddle
PresidentPresidentJacksonJackson
“The Hydra of Corruption” – The Bank Wars
• Nicholas Biddle – President of Bank of US– Functions – print stable currency,
keep federal money, control gold and silver, source of credit
• 1832 – Clay and Webster wanted to use the renewal of the charter to embarrass the President – if he passed the charter he would anger his followers, if he vetoed it the wealthy would be upset.
– How did the veto increase the power of President?
The Downfall of The Downfall of ““Mother Mother BankBank””
The Downfall of The Downfall of ““Mother Mother BankBank””