Petroleum Refining – Chapter 01: Introduction 1-1 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION On February 22nd, 1938, oil was discovered in the Burgan field of Kuwait. The Kuwait desert had long stood witness to several strange black patches of a rough bituminous substance. Kuwait was aware of the activities of the oil prospectors in neighboring Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and southern Iran. Their expectations raised by the Bahrain oil discoveries of 1932, the people of Kuwait were hopeful that these surface deposits were indications of underground reservoirs of crude oil. Signing of the Oil Concession Agreement On December 23rd, 1934, Sheikh Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah signed the first Kuwait Oil Concession Agreement to Kuwait Oil Company Limited. Kuwait Oil Company, Ltd. was formed by the Gulf Oil Corporation (presently Chevron Oil) and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (presently British Petroleum). Discovery of Oil On 22nd February 1938 oil was discovered in “Burgan No. 1”. Even today, this first well continues to produce. The Silver Wheel: The First Oil Shipment On 30th June 1946, His Highness the late Sheikh Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah turned a silver wheel to start Kuwait's first crude oil export aboard the tanker "British Fusilier". This enabled the State of Kuwait to join the ranks of the world's major oil producers by exporting the first Kuwait’s oil shipment of 10,567 tons. Nationalisation of the Oil Industry A new era of historic importance began on 6th December 1975 with the Nationalisation of Kuwait's oil industry. Kuwait began negotiations in the early 1970s to restore control over its own natural oil resources. By mutual agreements with the Company's two original partners, the State's shareholding in Kuwait Oil Company was progressively increased until full control was achieved. On March 5th, 1975, an agreement was signed by the State of Kuwait and the two oil companies (British Petroleum and Gulf) giving Kuwait complete control of its oil resources.
18
Embed
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION - أ.د. طارق البحري - Introduction.pdf · ... Introduction 1-1 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION On February 22nd, 1938, ... 1 Saudi Aramco 455.49 2 Sinopec
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Petroleum Refining – Chapter 01: Introduction
1-1
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
On February 22nd, 1938, oil was discovered in the Burgan field of Kuwait. The Kuwait desert had long stood
witness to several strange black patches of a rough bituminous substance.
Kuwait was aware of the activities of the oil prospectors in neighboring Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and
southern Iran. Their expectations raised by the Bahrain oil discoveries of 1932, the people of Kuwait were
hopeful that these surface deposits were indications of underground reservoirs of crude oil.
Signing of the Oil Concession Agreement
On December 23rd, 1934, Sheikh Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah signed the first Kuwait Oil Concession
Agreement to Kuwait Oil Company Limited. Kuwait Oil Company, Ltd. was formed by the Gulf Oil
Corporation (presently Chevron Oil) and the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (presently British Petroleum).
Discovery of Oil
On 22nd February 1938 oil was discovered in “Burgan No. 1”. Even today, this first well continues to
produce.
The Silver Wheel: The First Oil Shipment
On 30th June 1946, His Highness the late Sheikh Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah turned a silver wheel to start
Kuwait's first crude oil export aboard the tanker "British Fusilier". This enabled the State of Kuwait to join the
ranks of the world's major oil producers by exporting the first Kuwait’s oil shipment of 10,567 tons.
Nationalisation of the Oil Industry
A new era of historic importance began on
6th December 1975 with the
Nationalisation of Kuwait's oil industry.
Kuwait began negotiations in the early
1970s to restore control over its own
natural oil resources. By mutual
agreements with the Company's two
original partners, the State's shareholding
in Kuwait Oil Company was progressively
increased until full control was achieved.
On March 5th, 1975, an agreement was
signed by the State of Kuwait and the two
oil companies (British Petroleum and Gulf)
giving Kuwait complete control of its oil
resources.
Prof. Tareq A. Albahri 2018 Kuwait University Chem. Eng. Dep.
1-2
Why refine crude oil?
1. Provide high quality refined products and LPG to local market.
2. Provide a reliable and secure outlet for Kuwaiti crude oil in the form of refined products.
3. Contribute to national economy,
• Adding maximum value to Kuwait's hydrocarbon products,
• Providing employment opportunities and career development to nationals
• Stimulating industrial growth domestically.
Kuwait National Petroleum Company (KNPC) Brief History
• 1960 (October) Kuwait National Petroleum Company was established as a shareholder
company owned by the government and the private sector.
• 1968 the company commissioned its own "Shuaiba Refinery" which was retired in 2017.
• 1975 the company became a fully owned state company.
• 1980, KNPC became fully owned by Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC) when it was
established by the State of Kuwait.
• KNPC was entrusted with the responsibilities of oil refining and gas liquefication as well as
the distribution of petroleum products in the local market on behalf of KPC. Consequently,
the company became in charge of the oil refineries in Kuwait located at
- Mina Abdulla,
- Mina Al-Ahmadi,
Kuwait Integrated Petroleum Industries Company (KIPIC)
Duqm Refinery and Petrochemical Industries Company (DRPIC)
Duqm Refinery and Petrochemical Industries Company (DRPIC) is a 50/50 Joint Venture between the state-owned Oman Oil Company (OOC) and Kuwait Petroleum International (KPI), the international subsidiary of Kuwait Petroleum Corporation.
• The refinery contains the following refining units:
• crude distillation unit (230,000 BPSD),
• vacuum distillation units (114,000 BPSD),
• hydrocracker unit (74.000 BPSD),
• delayed coker unit (52.000 BPSD),
• kerosene treatment unit (40.500 BPSD),
• diesel hydrodesulphurization unit (83.500 BPSD),
• LPG treatment unit (2 x 12.500 BPSD),
• hydrogen production unit (2 x 126.500 Nm3/d),
• saturated gas unit (6.500 mT/d),
• sour water stripper unit (2 x 44 mT/d),
• amine regeneration unit (2 x 415 mT/d) and
• sulphur recovery unit (3x355 mT/d).
Prof. Tareq A. Albahri 2018 Kuwait University Chem. Eng. Dep.