CH 1 Med-Term Objectives Define the terms anatomy & physiology Define the terms anatomy & physiology Define the term prefix, root word, suffix Define the.

CH 1 Med-Term CH 1 Med-Term ObjectivesObjectives

Define the terms anatomy & physiologyDefine the terms anatomy & physiology Define the term prefix, root word, suffixDefine the term prefix, root word, suffix Be prepared to make combining words from the Be prepared to make combining words from the

prefixes, root words, and suffixes prefixes, root words, and suffixes Define each abbreviation from the class listDefine each abbreviation from the class list Define the term homeostasisDefine the term homeostasis Define the term negative feedback and formulate an Define the term negative feedback and formulate an

exampleexample Review past material discussed in classReview past material discussed in class

Chapter 1Chapter 1

Learning the LanguageLearning the Language

Student Copy pp.Student Copy pp.

How important is it to know medical How important is it to know medical terminology for nursing?terminology for nursing?

List reasons whyList reasons why 1.1. 2.2. 3.3. 4.4.

Anatomy & PhysiologyAnatomy & Physiology

What in the world do these words mean?What in the world do these words mean?

AnatomyAnatomy

The study of _____________ and The study of _____________ and ______________ structures of the human ______________ structures of the human body (plants and animals)body (plants and animals)

The word anatomy means “______________”The word anatomy means “______________”

PhysiologyPhysiology

Is the _________of the body processes or how Is the _________of the body processes or how the anatomy part of the body functions to the anatomy part of the body functions to ______________________________

Such as:Such as: How the heart pumps bloodHow the heart pumps blood How we breatheHow we breathe How we see and hearHow we see and hear

Basically…Basically…

Structure = ____________Structure = ____________

Function = ____________Function = ____________

Structure & FunctionStructure & Function

Medical TerminologyMedical Terminology

WORD ROOTSWORD ROOTS

PREFIXESPREFIXES

SUFFIXESSUFFIXES

All special and play in their All special and play in their ownown role but put em’ role but put em’ together…and you have a medical wordtogether…and you have a medical word

Word RootWord Root

This is the basic form of the word and from This is the basic form of the word and from this part….we can add to it to make other this part….we can add to it to make other termsterms

Such as Such as ““cardi”…always means heartcardi”…always means heart ““gast” always means stomachgast” always means stomach

Adding to the word root = a new Adding to the word root = a new word and meaning…word and meaning…

Prefix – comes before the root wordPrefix – comes before the root word Suffix – comes after the root wordSuffix – comes after the root word

Adding a prefix or suffix can change the word Adding a prefix or suffix can change the word root’s meaning….root’s meaning….

OMG, how cool!!!!!!!OMG, how cool!!!!!!!

Word Root – “Cardi”Word Root – “Cardi”

Prefix – “peri”... Prefix – “peri”... means _____________means _____________

Suffix – “itis”… Suffix – “itis”… means ______________means ______________

Put them all togetherPut them all together

Prefix + Prefix + word rootword root + + suffixsuffix PeriPeri------------------cardicardi--------------itis itis = pericarditis. = pericarditis. Inflammation around the heartInflammation around the heart

Combining Form or Connecting Combining Form or Connecting VowelVowel

Usually the letter “O”Usually the letter “O”

Used to make the word root easier to Used to make the word root easier to pronouncepronounce

Used to make a suffix easier to connect to a Used to make a suffix easier to connect to a word rootword root

EXAMPLE of connecting vowelEXAMPLE of connecting vowel

Cardi = heartCardi = heart ““o” = connecting vowelo” = connecting vowel

Now we can walk around and sayNow we can walk around and say ““I’m going to the gym to do cardio exercises”I’m going to the gym to do cardio exercises” Can’t really walk around and say “I’m going Can’t really walk around and say “I’m going

to do some cardi…..to do some cardi…..

Drop the “O”Drop the “O”(drop the combining form or the connecting vowel)(drop the combining form or the connecting vowel)

If a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining If a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the combining vowel as to not have 2 vowels together:vowel as to not have 2 vowels together:

Cardio + ology = Cardio + ology = Cardioology or cardiologyCardioology or cardiology

Pay attention to the suffix…when a suffix begins with Pay attention to the suffix…when a suffix begins with a vowel, drop the vowel in the combining form or the a vowel, drop the vowel in the combining form or the connecting vowel connecting vowel

See Tables in book pg. 6 & 7See Tables in book pg. 6 & 7

Table 1-1 – Word RootsTable 1-1 – Word Roots

Table 1-2 – PrefixesTable 1-2 – Prefixes

Table 1-3 – SuffixesTable 1-3 – Suffixes

You will be tested on THE ONES I You will be tested on THE ONES I DESIGNATE…..DESIGNATE…..don’t over study thesedon’t over study these

AbbreviationsAbbreviations

We will learn more of these in Nursing We will learn more of these in Nursing Fundamentals…Fundamentals…

There are rules to using abbreviationsThere are rules to using abbreviations You must use caution and not use your own You must use caution and not use your own

abbreviationsabbreviations The Board of Nursing has a list that can be The Board of Nursing has a list that can be

used only by nurses…….use cautionused only by nurses…….use caution

You are not texting…You are not texting…

Crd 4 pt w/ bk pain, rprtd to nurse, meds gvn. Crd 4 pt w/ bk pain, rprtd to nurse, meds gvn. Pt sts he is fine. No prbs to reprt.Pt sts he is fine. No prbs to reprt.

NO, NO, NONO, NO, NO Only use nursing ___________abbreviationsOnly use nursing ___________abbreviations

Table 1-4Table 1-4 ONLY STUDY WHAT I TELL YOU TO KNOW:ONLY STUDY WHAT I TELL YOU TO KNOW:

BPBP = _________________________ = _________________________ HRHR= _________________________= _________________________ RRRR = _________________________= _________________________ P.OP.O.= ________________________.= ________________________ NPONPO= ________________________= ________________________ p.r.np.r.n= = ________________________________________________ STATSTAT= = ______________________________________________ d/t d/t = = ____________________________________________ r/t r/t = = ______________________________________________ QDQD = = __________________________________________

ELBOW PARTNERSELBOW PARTNERS

Using the tables on pgs 6 & 7, fill in blanks on Using the tables on pgs 6 & 7, fill in blanks on page 8 “Test Your Knowledge”page 8 “Test Your Knowledge”

Go………..Go………..

Metric SystemMetric System

You will learn this in great detail with Ms. You will learn this in great detail with Ms. Hayward in MathHayward in Math

(Pg. 10)(Pg. 10) “The Language of Disease” “The Language of Disease” VOCAB WORDS:VOCAB WORDS: SignsSigns SymptomsSymptoms Vital signsVital signs SyndromeSyndrome DiagnoseDiagnose EtiologyEtiology PrognosisPrognosis

You will see these terms later in Nr. Fundamentals. You will see these terms later in Nr. Fundamentals. (THEY ARE NOT ON THIS TEST)(THEY ARE NOT ON THIS TEST)

Concepts In Maintaining Normal Concepts In Maintaining Normal HealthHealth

These are r/t __________ & ______________These are r/t __________ & ______________

HomeostasisHomeostasis This is maintaining a _____________________within our This is maintaining a _____________________within our

bodybody Our body is smart and knows when something is off keyOur body is smart and knows when something is off key Like when we eat food and store the nutrients, fat and sugar. Like when we eat food and store the nutrients, fat and sugar.

PROBLEM/ EXAMPLE: Sugar is stored as glycogen. When PROBLEM/ EXAMPLE: Sugar is stored as glycogen. When our body needs a little extra sugar, glycogen is released to our body needs a little extra sugar, glycogen is released to maintain our blood sugar level. maintain our blood sugar level. The body fixes itself and The body fixes itself and returns it to its normal state of homeostasisreturns it to its normal state of homeostasis

Set PointsSet Points

Cells and our body operate within certain Cells and our body operate within certain ranges or set points.ranges or set points.

If something is off….____________________ If something is off….____________________ occursoccurs

Negative FeedbackNegative Feedback Homeostasis is maintained by the “feedback” or information Homeostasis is maintained by the “feedback” or information

that is sent to the brainthat is sent to the brain Sensors throughout the body monitor internal conditions and Sensors throughout the body monitor internal conditions and

tell the body what to dotell the body what to do Because every change, up or down, must be reversed back to Because every change, up or down, must be reversed back to

normal, this mechanism is called “negative feedback”normal, this mechanism is called “negative feedback” Our bodies are smart and the body can self-regulate through Our bodies are smart and the body can self-regulate through

the help from endocrines and nervous systemsthe help from endocrines and nervous systems EXAMPLE: if we start to get a temperature, our brain can EXAMPLE: if we start to get a temperature, our brain can

help control the temperature for only so long before we need help control the temperature for only so long before we need TylenolTylenol

Pg 14Pg 14 Picture of Homeostasis Picture of Homeostasis

Review figure 1-4 on homeostasisReview figure 1-4 on homeostasis

Read pg 15 “Clinical Application”Read pg 15 “Clinical Application”

Elbow PartnersElbow Partners

Work on the “Case Study” togetherWork on the “Case Study” together

We will discuss this upon completionWe will discuss this upon completion