Central Bucks School District · Web viewName: Date: Anatomy and Physiology Guided Notes The Human Body 1. Define a. Anatomy: b. Physiology: 2. _____ are related because knowing the

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Date:

Anatomy and Physiology Guided Notes

The Human Body

1. Define

a. Anatomy:

b. Physiology:

2. _______________________________________ are related because knowing the structure and shape of the body and its parts allows you to understand how the body functions.

3. _____________________ anatomy has large structures and is easily observable.

4. _____________________ anatomy has very small structures and can only be viewed with a microscope.

5. Label each level:

6.

5.

2.

4.

3.

1.

6. Body Systems

a) Integumentary system

· The __________________ covering of the body, the skin

· ___________________ body

· ________________ and _____________ the deeper tissue from injury

· _____________________________________________________ located here to alert us of bodies surface

b) Skeletal System

· Consists of ____________________________________________________.

· ______________________________________ the bodies organs

· Provides framework that the ___________________ uses to cause movement

· Stores ___________________

c) Muscular System

· One function _________________________________________________________

· Maintains ______________________________________

· Produces ___________________

· Formed by ______________________________________- different from heart and other hallow organs

· What are the three different types of muscle?

d) Nervous System

· Fast acting control system

· ______________________________________

· Responds to irritants or stimuli ______________________________________

· Activates ______________________________________

e) Endocrine System

· Controls the bodies activities but more slowly then nervous system

· Secretes regulatory hormones

· ___________________

· ___________________

· ___________________

f) Cardiovascular System

· Use blood as the transporting fluid pumped by the heart

· ___________________

· ___________________

· ___________________

· ___________________

g) Lymphatic System

· Compliments the cardiovascular system

· Stores ___________________

· Involved in ___________________

· Disposes of _________________________________________________________

h) Respiratory System

· Keeps blood supplied with ___________________

· Removes _______________________________________

i) Digestive System

· A tube from the ______________________________________

· Break down food and deliver ___________________ to the ___________________

· Eliminates ______________________________________ material

j) Urinary System

· Removes the ___________________ containing waste from the _________________

· Flushes waste out with ___________________

· Balance and regulate ______________________________________of blood

· Regulation of materials like ______________________________________

k) Reproductive System

· ___________________

7. What are the Necessary Life Functions?

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

8. What are the survival needs?

1)

· Chemicals for energy and cell building

· Includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals

2)

· Required for chemical reactions

3)

· 60-80% of body weight

· Provides for metabolic reaction

4)

· Stable body temperature

5)

· Atmospheric pressure must be appropriate

9. Homeostasis

· ___________________ of a stable internal environment

· A dynamic state of equilibrium

· Homeostasis must be maintained for a normal body functioning and to ___________________

10. Communication through neural and hormonal control system

· ___________________

· Responds to changes in the environment

· Sends information to control center

· ___________________

· Determines set points and analyzes information

· Determines appropriate response

· ___________________

· Provides a means for response to the stimulus

11. Homeostatic Control System

12. Homeostatic Controls

· ______________________________________

· Mechanisms are rare in the body

· Increase the original disturbance (stimulus) and push variables further from original value

· Ex: Blood Clotting at the birth of the baby

· ______________________________________

· Most of homeostatic controls

· Shut off original stimulus to reduce its intensity

· Ex: a home heating system connected to thermostat

13. Language of Anatomy

· Special terminology is used to prevent misunderstanding

· Exact Terms are used for:

· ___________________

· ___________________

· ___________________

· ___________________

14. Orientation and Directional Terms

· ___________________: Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body, above

· ___________________: Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body, below

· ___________________: Toward or at the backside of the body, behind

· ___________________: Toward or at the front of the body, in front of

· ___________________: Toward or at the midline of the body on the inner side

· ___________________: Away from the midline of the body on the outer side

· ___________________: Toward or at the body surface

· ___________________: Between a more medial and a more lateral structure.

· ___________________: Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

· ___________________: Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk.

15. Body Planes

16. Body Cavities

17. Label:

18. Body Landmarks