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General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.
Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.
You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain
You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Aug 24, 2021
CFD methods for wind turbine aerodynamics
Sørensen, Niels N.
Published in:Extended abstracts
Publication date:2008
Link back to DTU Orbit
Citation (APA):Sørensen, N. N. (2008). CFD methods for wind turbine aerodynamics. In T. Kvamsdal, K. M. Mathisen, & B.Pettersen (Eds.), Extended abstracts (pp. 39-42). International Center of Numerical Methods in Engineering.
CFD Methods For Wind Turbine Aerodynamics21st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics21st Nordic Seminar on Computational MechanicsOctober 16-17, 2008, Trondheim
Niels N. SørensenWind Energy Department, Risø DTUNational Laboratory for Sustainable Energy
Risø’s history in briefRisø’s history in brief
• 1956 Peaceful utilisation of nuclear energy• 1976 Nuclear energy and other energy sources• 1976 Nuclear energy and other energy sources• 1986 Energy research in general• 1990 R&D with energy as the primary area• 1994 State owned enterprise• 1994 State-owned enterprise• 2000 The last nuclear reactor is decommissioned• 2005 Impact within
1 T h l f t titi 1. Technology for greater competitiveness 2. Sustainable energy supply3. Health technology
• 2007 Merger with DTU National Laboratory for • 2007 Merger with DTU, National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics2
Outline of talkOutline of talk
• Aerodynamics of wind tubines• Aerodynamics of wind tubines• CFD in Wind Turbine Aerodynamics
– General OverviewThe EllipSys2D/3D solvers– The EllipSys2D/3D solvers
• Applications– Airfoil Aerodynamics
T iti d li– Transition modeling– Dynamic stall– Deep stall aerodynamics
d– Rotor aerodynamics– Aeroelasticity– Flow over terrain
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics3
Aerodynamics for wind turbinesAerodynamics for wind turbines
• Flow over complex terrain• Flow over complex terrain• Rotor aerodynamics• Rotor/Tower interaction
Wake aerodynamics• Wake aerodynamics• Airfoil Flows• Laminar/turbulent transition
H t i h d i t ll• Hysteresis phenomena, dynamic stall• Damping and stability• Aeroelasticity
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics4
Development and origin of CFD for Wind Development and origin of CFD for Wind Energy• The application of numerical methods to fixed wing and rotor • The application of numerical methods to fixed wing and rotor
aerodynamics dates back to the late seventies in the aerospace community, solving steady Potential and Euler equations.
• The first unsteady solution to the Euler equations were seen through the eighties.
• With the continuous increase in computer power in the late eighties and early nineties the first Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes codes for helicopter applications appeared.
• With the possibility of handling viscous flow, the first applications of Navier-Stokes CFD solvers appeared in the wind turbine community in th l t i tithe late nineties.
• In Europe a series of EU-financed projects were providing the basis for many of these activities
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics5
many of these activities.
Components of a CFD methodComponents of a CFD method
The basic idea is to take the partial differential equations describing the The basic idea is to take the partial differential equations describing the fluid flow, transform them into a set of algebraic equations, and solve these using a numerical method on a computer.
Typical components of a CFD code are listed below:
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics13
Deep Stall Aerodynamics3D blade section in static stall
RANS simulation DES simulationDES simulation
Unsteady lift time series
The development of a stochasticstall-model based on time seriesfrom DES-simulations is ongoing
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics14
Rotor AerodynamicsNREL/Nasa Ames testNREL/Nasa Ames test
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics15 NASA Ames Tunnel (24.4x36.6 m)NREL Phase-VI Wind Turbine
Details of blade tower interaction investigated in order to:Details of blade-tower interaction investigated in order to:- study lock-in phenomina- develop semi-emperical tower shadow model and noise model
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics25
Site AnalysisComplex TerrainComplex Terrain
Terrains where WAsP is not suitable
Determining Speed-up, and flow inclination
Evaluation of turbine positions, from levels of turbulent kinetic energy
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ConclusionConclusion
• A CFD methodology suited for wind • A CFD methodology suited for wind energy has been introduced
• A series of applications of CFD to wind • A series of applications of CFD to wind energy, including airfoil and rotor aerodynamics has been given, illustrating the possibilities.
Risø DTU, Technical University of Denmark 17.10.200821st Nordic Seminar on Computational Mechanics27