COMMUNICABLE DISEASE IN MAN DERMATOPHYTOSIS
May 19, 2015
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
IN MANDERMATOPHYTOSIS
DERMATOPHYTOSIS Dermatophytosis and tinea are general
terms applied to fungal infection of keratinized areas of the body (hair, skin, and nails)
Causative agents are dermatophtyes, which are subdivided according to site of infection TINEA BARBAE & TINEA CAPITIS TINEA CRURIS & TINEA CORPORIS TINEA PEDIS ONYCHOMYCOSIS
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
TINEA BARBAE & TINEA CAPITIS (ringworm of the beard and scalp, Kerion, Favus A fungal disease that begins as a small area of
erythema and/or scaling and spreads peripherally Leaves scaly patches of temporary baldness Infected hairs become brittle and break off easily Occasionally, kerions develop A variety of tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton
Schoenleinii forms favus of the scalp. ***Has a mousy smell.
TINEA BARBAE
TINEA CAPITIS
KERION
FAVUS OF THE SCALP
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
Examination of the scalp under UV light (wood lamp) Trichophyton Schoenleinii – no flourescence Microsporum – yellow-green flourescence
Wood’s Lamp (UV light)
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
INFECTIOUS AGENTS Various species of Microsporum and
Trichophyton Important to know the difference for
therapeutic reasons
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
RESERVOIR Humans harbour T Animals, especially dogs, cats, and cattle
harbour M
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
MODE OF TRANSMISSION Direct skin to skin or indirect contact
(the backs of seats, barber clippers, combs, hairbrushes, clothing and hats that are contaminated with hair from infected people or animals)
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
INCUBATION PERIOD Usually 10 to 14 days Viable fungus may persist on contaminated
materials for long periods
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
SUSCEPTIBILITY Children below the age of puberty are highly
susceptible to M All ages are subject to T infections Reinfections mainly occur for infections
spread amongst humans
DERMATOPHYTOSIS CON’T
METHODS OF CONTROL Educate the public Survey heads of young children by UV light
before school entry in the presence of epidemics or in hyperendemic areas where the species is prevalent.
In mild cases, daily washing of the scalp Sulfide shampoos help remove scales In severe cases, wash and cover with a cap,
which should be boiled after use.
TINEA CRURIS & TINEA CORPORIS
TINEA CRURIS Ringworm of the groin and perianal region Also known as “jock itch”
TINEA CRURIS & TINEA CORPORIS
TINEA CORPORIS Ringworm of the body
TINEA CRURIS & TINEA CORPORIS
INCUBATION PERIOD Usually 4 to 10 days Widespread, aggravated by friction and
excessive perspiration in axillary and inguinal regions and when temps and humidity are high
All ages are susceptible
TINEA CRURIS & TINEA CORPORIS
METHOD OF CONTROL Launder towels and clothing with hot water
and fungicidal agent General cleanliness in public showers and
dressing rooms Thorough bathing with soap and water for
removal of scabs and crusts and application of topical fungicide (miconazole, clotrimazole, etc)
TINEA PEDIS
TINEA PEDIS Ringworm of the foot Also known as Athlete’s Foot
ATHLETE’S FOOT
ONYCHOMYCOSIS
ONYCHOMYCOSIS Ringworm of the nails Nail gradually becomes detached from the
nail bed, thickens, and becomes discolored and brittle
The nail eventually becomes chalky and disintegrates
DX: is made by micro exam of potassium hydroxide preps of the nail and a culture
ONYCHOMYCOSIS
RESERVOIR Humans, rarely animals So which one? T or M? Incubation period is unknown
ONYCHOMYCOSIS
ANY QUESTIONS????