CAREER GUIDE - CHIETA

CAREERGUIDECHEMICALINDUSTRY

CHOOSE SMART CHOOSE RIGHT CHOOSE CHEMICAL

ARE YOU PREPARED FOR THE 4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION?

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ARTISANS ARE IN DEMAND

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MEET A CHEMICAL ENGINEER

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CAREER GUIDE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAREERS IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY �� 2

Careers Index �� 3

The 4th Industrial Revolution �� 4

CAREERS IN DEMAND IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY:

ENGINEERING CAREERS �� 6

Engineering Study Paths �� 7

Chemical Engineers of the Future �� 9

Meet a Chemical Engineer - Role Model �� 10 Engineers of the Future �� 16

TRADES �� 24

Artisan Study Paths �� 25

Artisans of the Future �� 29

Artisans of the Future Using New Technology �� 39

SCIENCE & MEDICINE CAREERS �� 40

Science & Medicine Study Paths �� 41

Scientists of the Future �� 46

Medicine of the Future �� 50

BUSINESS CAREERS �� 58

Business Study Paths �� 59

Business Careers of the Future �� 73

ABBREVIATIONS �� 74

PROFESSIONAL BODIES �� 75

SETAS �� 76

CONTACTS FOR TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS �� 78Universities � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 78Universities of Technology �� 81TVET Colleges �� 83Acknowledgements �� 89

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government and business will have to

establish immediate and meaningful

alliances for scaling critical high-tech

skills� Digital learning programmes will

have to be developed and scaled and new

teaching methodologies will need to be

established�

Digital training and skilling programmes

must become mainstream and quality

assured for maintaining a steady supply

of quality high-tech skills� The workplace

itself will have to be transformed

into a centre for skills excellence with

simulated practical training becoming the order of the day� A

new alliance to facilitate partnerships and collaborations at

scale is a viable approach to be considered� There is no need

to reinvent the wheel in this regard� The training partnership

between the Chemical Industries Education and Training

Authority (CHIETA), the Coastal KZN TVET College, and

chemical companies such as SAPREF, is a prime example of

the type of partnerships and collaborations that need to be

scaled� The Coastal College Simulation Plant in KZN provides

a blueprint for collaborations on occupationally directed

training� The partnership proved a useful tool to skill learners

for the chemical industries and prepare them for gainful and

immediate employment� Similar collaborations are needed

for high-tech professions to close the high-tech skills gap�

Due to the resource-scarce environment, a collaboration

between government and the private sector will be an

essential success factor� A lack of collaboration may result

in slower than expected progress including significant

inefficiencies in the skills development pipeline. To address

the need for increased collaboration, the CHIETA will be

embarking on a nation-wide stakeholder engagement

programme with captains of industry to establish SETAs as

partners in value creation� This is a call to action for captains

of industry to reimagine and re-evaluate their relationships

with the CHIETA and other SETAs in a concerted effort to

close the high-tech skills gap�

HIGH-TECH SKILLS GAP Requires a New Alliance for Skills Development

The widening high-tech skills gap remains

a challenge that needs to be confronted

by all stakeholders� This widening high-

tech skills gap occurs within the context

of increased digitisation, disruption

and artificial intelligence (AI). The

data suggests that more than 70% of

businesses find the recruitment of high-

tech skills a major challenge� According

to the Future of Jobs Report 2020, 84%

of employers are set to rapidly digitise

their workplaces in the next few years,

and around 40% of existing employees

will require significant reskilling. The

report also suggests that skills shortages are more acute in

emerging high-tech professions such as data scientists, AI

specialists and software developers� Python programming,

for example, has been identified as one of the top ten skills

for those who are unemployed�

Based on the data, we must consider various approaches

to close the high-tech skills gap and ensure a steady supply

of talent now and in the future� The need to close the

high-tech skills gap is both an organisational and national

imperative� The government needs to digitise its training

and skilling systems to stem the rising tide of job losses and

ensure adequate, fair and sustainable labour absorption�

For organisations, high-tech skills such as data scientists

and data analysts have become essential for short-term

competitiveness and long-term sustainability� A steady

supply of quality high-tech skills is a must if we are to

achieve transient competitive advantages and long-term

sustainability�

This has brought to the fore the need to rethink and

re-evaluate partnerships and collaborations between

government, civil society and business� For long-term

success, a new alliance for high-tech skills development

must be formed by all stakeholders� This alliance should be

well structured and purpose-driven with the aim of creating

new stakeholder value� To meet the rising demand for AI

specialists, data analysts, data scientists and roboticists,

CEO Yershen Pillay

By Yershen Pillay, CEO, Chemical Industries Training Authority (CHIETA)

CLOSING THE

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OFO Code CAREER Page #ENGINEERING 6

214501 Chemical Engineer 8214502 Chemical Engineering Technologist 8214201 Civil Engineer 12252301 Computer Network and Systems Engineer 14

132301 Construction Project Manager 13

215101 Electrical Engineer 14215201 Electronics Engineer 17214502 Electronics Engineering Technologist 17214907 Materials Engineer 19214401 Mechanical Engineer 19214402 Mechanical Engineering Technologist 20214603 Metallurgical Engineer 21214602 Mining Engineer 22216502 Surveyor 22

TRADES 24

651302 Boiler Maker 26351301 Computer Network Technician 27311801 Draughtsperson 27671101 Electrician 30652302 Fitter and Turner 31653301 Industrial Machinery Mechanic 32672105 Instrument Mechanician 32671202 Millwright 33242202 Occupational Instructor 35651501 Rigger 36733201 Truck Driver (General) 37651202 Welder 38

SCIENCE 40

234102 Agricultural Scientist 42221101 General Medical Practitioner 43211401 Geologist 44121206 Health and Safety Manager 45226201 Hospital Pharmacist 47226202 Industrial Pharmacist 48213110 Medical Scientist 49134201 Medical Superintendent 51121908 Quality Systems Manager 52226203 Retail Pharmacist 52226302 Safety, Health, Environment and Quality (SHE&Q) Practitioner 54225101 Veterinarian 54213306 Water Quality Analyst 56

BUSINESS 58

121202 Business Training Manager 60133101 Chief Information Officer 61121901 Corporate General Manager 61241104 External Auditor 62121101 Finance Manager 63241101 General Accountant 63121201 Human Resource Manager 64251102 ICT Programme or Project Manager 65251101 ICT Systems Analyst 66132402 Logistics Manager 68134915 Operations Manager - Non-Manufacturing 69122301 Research and Development Manager 70332301 Retail Buyer 70122101 Sales and Marketing Manager 71132401 Supply and Distribution Manager 72

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THE 4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

is the name given to a new wave of technologies

such as, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics,

nanotechnology, the internet of things (IoT),

3D printing, cloud computing and virtual reality

(VR)� These technologies are transforming jobs

and creating new opportunities in the chemicals

industry� Some jobs will disappear altogether, new

opportuities will emerge�

NEW SKILLS REQUIRED

Workers will need new skills in order to take

advantage of the 4IR� Here are some examples of

skills we will need:

Mechatronic Engineering is a combination of precision

mechanical, electronic and computer systems

which are essential skills in the development and

maintenance of robotics (See pg 16)�

Computer Aided Design (CAD) skills are needed in

order create 3D models for production using CNC

machines and 3D printers

(See pg 29)�

IN FUTURE, MORE DRONE OPERATORS, 3D PRINT

OPERATORS AND VR EQUIPMENT OPERATORS

WILL BE NEEDED�

3D printers are being used to create bone implants using

compounds similar to natural bone which can be shaped

precisely to the patient’s bone (See pg 50)�

Medical staff such as doctors, nurses and Pharmacists

will need to embrace new applications using AI in the

diagnosis and treatement of patients; leaving more time to

see to the patient’s overall wellbeing� (See pg 50)�

Skilled commercial staff involved in accounting,

administration, HR and logistics will need to use cloud

based ERP systems in order to streamline and automate

business operations (See pg 73)�

Technical marketing and sales as well as after sales

personelle will be required to support their clients in

implementing new technology (See pg 73)�

ARE YOU PREPARED FOR THE

4TH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION?

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GREEN CHEMISTRY

Since the First Industrial Revolution the demand for energy

has led to much of the world’s current environmental

problems� The next great challenge will be to harness the

4IR in order to limit climate change, deforestation and

pollution of our water and air� In addition it will focus on

dramatically reducing our dependence on fossil fuels in

addressing climate change�

According to the World Economic Forum a key to achieving

this is to harness new technologies which are part of the 4th

Industrial Revolution� http://www3�weforum�org/�

• Shifting away from oil to renewable sources (See pg 50)

• Developing products that require lower quantities of

pesticides, fertilisers, and water�

• Research into nanotechnology and biodegradable

plastics, and super-strong coatings and fibres (See pg 46)�

• Prioritising safety, improving energy efficiency and, most

importantly, minimising (and ideally) eliminating toxic

waste (See pg 50)� Read Water Quality Analyst (pg 56)�

• Developing cheaper, more efficient solar cells and

energy storage methods such as batteries (See pg 50)�

• Reducing the high levels of waste in pharmaceutical

drug manufacture� Read Industrial Pharmacist (pg 48)�

In South Africa we have both a water crisis and an energy

crisis� We need to look for solutions in battery technology

using solar and wind energy or anything renewable� Read

Ntombifuthi Bingo’s story on page 11, “Industrialisation has

contributed greatly to the pollution of the environment,

therefore a great deal of effort and resources are being put

into trying to find solutions to the resultant environmental

problems”�

NEW OPPORTUNITIES

There is no denying that the 4IR innovations are replacing

jobs and / or changing the nature of jobs� The World

Economic Forum predicts that 41% of all work activities in

Africa are susceptible to automation and that 39% of core

skills required across occupations will be wholly different by

2020 ( https://www�weforum�org/)

Whilst there may be jobs lost in some sectors, the 4IR has

great potential benefits if the right strategies are used.

The 4th Industrial Revolution puts all manufacturers on an

equal playing field as it will no longer be cheaper to import

manufactured goods from China� South Africa, a country rich

in raw materials will be able to manufacture at home�

GET SKILLED UP

FOR THE FUTURE!

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ENGINEERS are an essential part of our modern economy�

There are increasing challenges in the demand for cheaper

production methods, safer products and more sustainable

alternative solutions�

Engineers of all sorts are in high in demand including:

Chemical; Civil; Mechanical; Electrical and Electronic

Engineers� Engineering specialists in materials, biochemicals,

nanotech and robotics are becoming critically important to

the chemical Industry�

The word Engineer is derived from the Old Latin word,

genere meaning, “one who produces or generates new

things” and is also the root from which we get the word

genius (Wiktionary)� In other words, an Engineer is an

inventor and a creator, a person who finds new ideas and

comes up with solutions to everyday problems�

This field involves the use of scientific methods and

principles to design, develop and construct things� Careers

in Engineering are critical to South Africa’s growth and

development as part of the 4th Industrial Revolution�

CHECK IF YOU FIT THE REQUIREMENTS :

A person who wants to become an engineer is unlikely to be

satisfied with merely knowing ‘HOW’ something works� You

will need to be someone needs to know ‘WHY’ something

works�

• Are you interested in designing things?

• Are you creative?

• Are you a problem solver?

• Are you a logical thinker?

• Do you find yourself imagining things you would like to

build?

• Are you good at Mathematics and Physical Sciences?

CAREERS IN ENGINEERING

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ENGINEERING STUDY PATHS

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE:

With Mathematics and Physical Science

UNIVERSITY DEGREE

Degree

Degree in Engineering:Chemical

ComputerCivil

Aeronautical ElectricalElectronic Geodetic Industrial

MechanicalMechatronic Metallurgical

MiningOther�

UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

National Diploma

Diploma in Engineering:Chemical

CivilElectrical Electronic Industrial

Mechanical MechatronicsMetallurgicalRefractories

Other�

Internship / Workplace

Experience

Professional Review

(Engineer)

Designation:

Professional Engineer

Each education institution has its own unique entry requirements for each

of its programmes� Check the entry requirements before

you apply�

In order to register as a Professional Engineer with the Engineering Council of

South Africa (ECSA), you first have to register as a

Candidate Engineer and gain three years of work

experience�

Only Engineers registered with the ECSA may

use the designation Professional Engineer� A designation is a title that a professional person may use (write behind her/his name) to indicate that she/he is fully

qualified in a certain professional field and is a member of a

professional body�

After completion of the candidate phase ECSA

conducts a professional review of the work

experience� You can apply for registration as a Professional Engineer

after the review has been completed�

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How to Enter this Occupation:

Level of Schooling & School Subjects:

National Senior Certificate (Matric), or equivalent, with a

Bachelor’s Degree pass, or a Diploma pass depending on

which course you will be applying for�

Each institution has its own entry requirements�

Compulsory Subjects:

Mathematics, Physical Sciences�

Recommended Subjects:

Information Technology, Engineering and Technology�

Note: The engineering faculties of some Universities offer

a support programme to help students complete the very

demanding engineering course� The programme is aimed

at students from communities which lack proper education

facilities�

Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor’s Degree in Chemical Engineering�

Diploma: National Diploma in Chemical Engineering

Postgraduate: Doctoral research degrees can be taken in

the fields of bioprocess engineering, catalysis, minerals

processing, hydrometallurgy, environmental engineering,

crystallisation and precipitation and chemical engineering

education� Courses in welding engineering, coal science

and technology, petroleum engineering and extractive

metallurgy are offered.

Employment:

• Chemical manufacturers and other industries such as:

petroleum refining, synthetic fuel manufacture, food

processing, brewing, minerals processing, paper and

pulp, pollution control, manufacture of synthetic fibres,

fertilisers and explosives

• Such organisations as: CSIR, AECI, Eskom, Sasol, NECSA,

Sentrachem

• Atomic Energy Board

• Council for Mineral Technology (Mintek)

• Government departments

Further Information:

Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA)

Tel: (011) 607-9500

www�ecsa�co�za

South African Institute of Chemical Engineers (SAIChE)

Tel: (011) 704-5915

CHEMICAL ENGINEER (214501)

Chemical Engineers design, plan and manage plants

and factories where chemicals and raw materials are

processed into products with enhanced value. Chemical

Engineers are responsible for producing a range of

materials, from plastics to pharmaceutical drugs from

fertilisers to food.

Chemical Engineers may work in crude oil refineries, the coal

and gas industry and renewable energy sector; they may

work in the mining and metallurgy industry and industries

involved in the production of food, textiles, plastics,

explosives and cement�

Tasks may Include:

• Increasing the quantity and quality of available food

production through improvements to seed quality,

fertilisers and weed control�

• Improving the procedures for the production of fibres,

yarns and textiles in the production of clothes and

household fabrics making materials and clothes more

comfortable, durable and water resistant�

• Developing methods to mass-produce drugs, making

them more affordable; creating safer, more efficient

methods of refining petroleum products,

• Making energy and chemical sources more productive

and cost effective;

• Improved efficiencies and processes in the management

of waste, effluent and pollutants into our air and water,

finding solutions to environmental problems.

Chemical Engineers may be found in a wide variety of work

settings ranging from classrooms, as teachers and lecturers,

to research laboratories or construction sites� The actual

work setting depends on the type of work and on the size,

location and financial resources of the employer.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIST (214502)

Chemical Engineering Technologist work with

Chemical Engineers and Chemical Engineering

Technicians, developing and using chemicals and

related equipment and products for research and

development, and also for manufacturing medical

and pharmaceutical preparations.

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ENERGY ENGINEER

An Energy Engineer is involved with the production of energy from natural resources,

such as the extraction of oil and gas, as well as from renewable or sustainable sources

of energy, including biofuels, hydro-, wind and solar power� Energy Engineers are

focused on finding efficient, clean and innovative ways to supply energy. They work

in a variety of roles, including designing and testing machinery, developing ways of

improving existing processes, and converting, transmitting and supplying useful

energy to meet our needs for electricity�

BIOFUELS ENGINEER

The South African government has proposed that biofuels should form an important part of the country’s energy supply� Biofuel

Engineers develop and find uses for fuels derived from plant sources in order to reduce our carbon footprint. South Africa

produces bioethanol from sugar and starch crops, to replace petrol�

Biodiesel is a Green Fuel for many other reasons too�

• Biofuels, are non-hazardous, non-toxic, non-flammable and

biodegradable

• Produce far less CO2 exhaust emissions

• Create new job opportunities in agriculture, industry, infrastructure

and science

• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve environmental

conditions for all people on our planet

• It is sustainable and reduces dependence on fossil fuels

• It can be made from used cooking oil (which is already a waste

product)

Source: http://www�green-diesel�co�za

ENERGY AUDITOR

Energy Auditors inspect homes and businesses to determine ways in which

energy could be used more efficiently and encourage homeowners to make

changes to that end� These auditors primarily work for energy companies�

The position tends to involve a lot of field work, since Auditors visit homes

and businesses, and some travel may be needed� Energy auditors will

need tact and people skills when dealing with consumers who might be

discouraged about high energy bills�

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERS OF THE FUTURE

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Ntombi grew up in the town of Mafikeng in the North

West Province� She attended Mmabatho High where she

discovered she had an ability with mathematics and an

interest in chemistry� Ntombi aspired to go to university but

she was not sure exactly what career path to follow�

She decided to stay in Mafikeng and study a BSc degree

with Chemistry at North West University� It was during this

period of study that she realised that she actually wanted to

do engineering�

“I learned about Chemical Engineering in school but I had

no idea of what it was really about� I made the mistake of

thinking that Chemical Engineering and chemistry were

the same thing� I took the decision to leave North-West

University and enrolled to study Chemical Engineering at

the University of Cape Town (UCT)� Then when I got to UCT,

I was surprised to learn that they were completely different

courses� Wow! I didn’t realise how hard it would be� Chemical

Engineering is one of the most difficult courses you can do

at University”�

While studying Chemical Engineering at UCT, Ntombi

realised that she wanted to study in an environment which

provided more practical exposure and on-the-job training�

She moved Universities once again and eventually settled at

the Cape Peninsula Univesity of Technologu (CPUT) where

she completed her diploma in Chemical Engineering�

A year after completing her in-service training at Chevron she

graduated with her BTech degree in Chemical Engineering�

She is currently pursuing her MEng in Chemical Engineering

with CPUT�

Why Chemical Engineering?

“I really have my mother to thank for this as she always

encouraged me to become an engineer� I remember that

we once went out for lunch with her friend who tried to

give me career advice� He said that engineering is not for

women, and it was then that I decided I was going to prove

him wrong”�

“I have had the good fortune of studying at both a university

and university of technology, quite honestly I preferred the

more practical course which is provided at CPUT”� “Doing

my in-service training at Chevron gave me a leg-up into

the corporate world … for example, one of my tasks was

to replace a broken pump on the plant� I had to apply the

theory learnt during my chemical plant course in order to

complete the task”�

What are some of the challenges you faced?

Ntombi has faced many challenges in her career, one in

particular happened while she was an intern� “During my

internship I was assigned to a mentor who did not value me

because I had no experience� Fortunately, I made friends

with other people who could help me through this

difficult time.”

Maggie Ntombifuthi BingoCape Peninsula University of TechnologyLaboratory Technician: Chemical Engineer

“I learned about Chemical Engineering in school but I had no idea of what it was really about.

I made the mistake of thinking that Chemical Engineering and chemistry were the same thing�

Then when I got to UCT, I was surprised to learn they were completely different courses.”

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ROLE MODELCHEMICAL ENGINEER

“At another stage in my career I found myself unemployed,

which was very challenging considering all the expenses I

had to pay� It was stressful going from interview to interview

with many companies, but I never gave up� It took me a year

before I eventually landed a position as a volunteer with the

ArcelorMittal Science Centre�”

Ntombi has settled down and is enjoying her role as

a Laboratory Technician in the Chemical Engineering

Department at CPUT� She enjoys working with students but

also realised that she loves research� Ntombi is currently

doing her Master’s and her research field is in poultry

slaughterhouse wastewater treatment�

So, what of the future?

“I am really excited about the future� After having

successfully applied for conferences and research

exchange programme funding, I will be delivering my first

conference paper at the 16th Johannesburg International

Conference on Science, Engineering, Technology and

Waste Management (SETWM-19)� This will be followed

by attending a Wastewater treatment modelling course

at Tongji University, Shanghai, China� Thereafter I will be

delivering another conference paper this time in Shanghai�

The conference is hosted by the International Water

Association Specialist Group on nutrient removal and

recovery from wastewaters, such as those I am currently

researching� All these opportunities are available to Young

Water Professionals in order to address the skills shortages

in South Africa� I have found my niche, and this is only the

beginning�”

“My goal is to become a lecturer and for that, I need to

complete my Master’s and Doctorate� I would also like to

give back something to the environment� Industrialisation

has contributed greatly to the pollution of the environment,

therefore a great deal of effort and resources are being put

into trying to find solutions to the environmental problems.

Global warming has created climate change and we need

solutions� In our country we have a water and electricity

crisis which needs to be solved with renewable solutions

(fuel cell technology, solar and wind energy)�”

What advice would you give another young person who wants to study in this field?

“Firstly, you have to have a good foundation in mathematics,

physical sciences and chemistry at high school� Secondly,

you need to take ownership of your career, don’t leave

your career in the hands of your lecturer and practice time

management skills!”

“Firstly, you have to have a good foundation in mathematics,

physical sciences and chemistry at high school. Secondly,

you need to take ownership of your career, don’t leave

your career in the hands of your lecturer and practice time

management skills!”

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Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics, Physical Sciences�

Recommended Subjects: Information Technology,

Engineering and Graphic Design, Mechanical Technology�

Further Training:

Degree: BSc in Mechanical Engineering at University�

Diploma: National Diploma in Civil Engineering

Postgraduate: Several Universities offer postgraduate

studies in Mechanical Engineering, and some Universities

of technology offer postgraduate studies in Mechanical

Engineering�

Engineering graduates usually begin work under the

supervision of experienced Engineers and are gradually

given more responsibilities as they gain experience� Some

Engineers with experience and additional education move

into administration or management� Many high-level

executives in industry began their careers in engineering�


South African Institution of Civil Engineering

Tel: (011) 805-5947/8/5953

www�saice�org�za

CIVIL ENGINEER (214201)

Civil Engineers are responsible for the planning, designing,

maintenance and management of projects to do with the

construction of roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams,

bridges, and water supply and sewage systems.

Civil Engineering may be the oldest of the all the engineering

disciplines and today, Civil Engineering encompasses a

range of specialised fields which include structural design,

marine, environmental, construction, hydraulic engineering,

transportation, and geotechnical engineering�

Tasks may Include:

• Designing structures such as buildings, bridges, roads,

dams, pipelines, waste-disposal units, etc�

• Identifying the best construction methods, materials

and quality standards for the construction�

• Establishing control systems to ensure efficient

functioning of structures as well as safety and

environmental protection�

• Organising and directing maintenance and repair of

existing Civil Engineering structures�

• Reading and interpreting blueprints, technical drawings

and schematic diagrams which represent the elements

of a structure or area�

• Analysing the soil and rock and materials used for

structures and structural foundations�

• Testing the structures and materials for use in

construction projects�

• Project managing and supervising the work of Surveyors,

draughtsmen, technicians and other workers�

• Consulting for engineering, construction or architectural

firms.

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• Ensuring adherence to building legislation and

standards of performance�

• Managing budgets and controlling expenditure and

ensuring the project is completed within proposed

budget�

• Interpreting architectural drawings and specifications.

• Negotiating with building owners, property developers

and subcontractors involved in the construction process

to ensure projects are completed on time and within

budget�

• Reviewing the project in depth to determine if

everything is done according to plan�







Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics and Physical Sciences

Recommended Subjects: EGD, Visual Arts

Further Training:

Degree: A BSc Degree in Construction Management or

Building Science at University�

Diploma: A National Diploma in Building or Construction or

in Quantity Surveying at University of Technology� This is

not an entry level position� Construction Project Managers

in the building industry begin work under the supervision

of experienced Engineers and are gradually given more

responsibilities as they gain experience�

CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGER

(132301)

Construction Project Manager use their knowledge of all

aspects of building and construction to plan, execute and

monitor building projects until project completion.

Project Managers ensure that time-frame targets and

budgets are met� Additionally, it is critical that a good

client relationship is maintained throughout the project�

Construction Project Managers, serve as liaison between

Architects, Quantity Surveyors and Building Contractors

(in some cases the Architect may be the Project Manager)�

The Project Manager does not carry out all of the tasks of

managing the project but they do need to ensure that all

aspects of the building process run smoothly�

A Construction Project Manager may work in various positions

including: Project Managers of large building projects or

building controllers for large municipalities or contract or

Financial Managers� They may also act as Technical Advisers

when buildings are planned and constructed�

Tasks may Include:

• Scoping the project with role players in determining the

work that needs to be done for the proposed project�

• Identifying the deliverable schedules as a roadmap for

the construction team�

• Estimating costs; ensuring cost, quality and safety

standards are met; preparing tenders and bids�

• Submitting plans to the authorities and arranging

inspections to ensure compliance�

• Coordinating the procurement and logistics for the

required labour, materials, plant and equipment�

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Recommended Subjects: Information Technology

Further Training:

Degree: BSc in Computer Science or Electronic

Engineering

Diploma: National Diploma in Computer Engineering

Technology or Electronic Engineering



of technology offer postgraduate studies in Mechanical

Engineering�

This is not an entry level position� A Computer Network

Engineer usually begins work under the supervision of

experienced Engineers and will gradually be given more

responsibilities as they gain experience�

ELECTRICAL ENGINEER (215101)

An electrical engineer researches, design, installs and

tests electrical and electronic equipment and supervises

its manufacture. Their work involves the generation,

distribution and management of all appliances and

installations that generate or use electrical energy.

Electrical Engineering is often associated with power

generation and distribution of power� Power generation

involves the generation of electrical power from a variety of

sources: hydro-electrical, thermal coal power, nuclear, as well

as renewable sources of power such as solar and wind power�

Distribution involves transmission lines and substations, which

are used to distribute electrical energy for power, heating,

lighting and other uses�

Tasks may Include:

• Preparing technical drawings, specifications of electrical

systems, or topographical maps to ensure that installation

and operations conform to standards and customer

requirements�

COMPUTER NETWORK & SYSTEMS

ENGINEER (25230)

Systems Engineers are mainly responsible for coordinating

all the computer-related systems available in a company.

They work closely with Database Administrators, and

develop and change databases to ensure an environment

that is streamlined and automated.

Systems Engineers are responsible for the integration of

systems including all software applications, hardware and

configurations, databases, database tables and information

into the technical hardware used by the company� Systems

Engineers work closely with the development team and

Network Administrators to ensure that the system and

backups are automated and run successfully� Some examples

of such systems are water and food distribution networks,

experimental manned space flights and military defence

programmes� Systems Engineers also work on telephone

systems, electrical power systems, and sewage systems�

Tasks may Include:

• Maintaining computer networks including, the systems

software, applications software, hardware, and

configurations.

• Assessing and recommending improvements to

network operations and integrated hardware, software,

communications and operating systems�

• Installing, configuring, testing, maintaining and

administering new and upgraded networks, software

database applications, servers and workstations�

• Protecting data, software, and hardware by

coordinating, planning and implementing network

security measures�

• Performing disaster recovery operations and data

backups when required�

• Monitoring network traffic, and activity, capacity

and usage to ensure continued integrity and optimal

network performance�

• Preparing and maintaining procedures and

documentation, recording diagnosing and resolving

network faults, enhancements and modifications to

networks, and maintenance instructions�

• Researching, analysing, evaluating and monitoring

network infrastructure to ensure networks are

configured to operate at optimal performance.

15

• Operating computer-assisted engineering or designing

software or equipment to perform Engineering Tasks�

• Conferring with Engineers, customers, or others to

discuss existing or potential engineering projects or

products�

• Directing or coordinating manufacturing, construction,

installation, maintenance, support, documentation,

or testing activities to ensure compliance with

specifications, codes, or customer requirements.

• Designing, implementing, maintaining or improving

electrical instruments, equipment, facilities,

components, products, or systems for commercial,

industrial, or domestic purposes�

• Preparing specifications for purchases of materials or

equipment�

• Performing detailed calculations to compute and

establish manufacturing, construction, or installation

standards or specifications.

• Investigating customer or public complaints, and

determining the nature and extent of problem

• Overseeing project production efforts to assure

projects are completed on time and within budget�

• Planning or implementing research methodology or

procedures to apply principles of electrical theory to

engineering projects�








Recommended Subjects: Information Technology, Electrical

Technology�


a support programme to help students to become self-

sufficient and capable of completing the very demanding

engineering course� The programme is aimed at students

with good marks, from communities which lack proper

education facilities�

Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor’s Degree in electrical engineering

Diploma: National Diploma in Electrical Engineering

Postgraduate: This involves research leading towards an

MSc or PhD. Graduates can specialise in fields such as control

systems (climate control systems in buildings to navigational

control systems in vehicles); optical systems (fibre optics

etc); electromagnets; electronic design; remote sensing

and space systems; semiconductor devices; signal; and

image processing, communication (telecommunications,

broadband communication, wireless networks, optical

communication networks, digital communications)�

To be legally appointed in terms of occupational health

and safety legislation, junior Electrical Engineers (heavy

current) with a degree or a diploma and at least two years’

appropriate post-qualification practical experience, must

apply to the Chief Inspector (DOL or DME) for acceptance

as a candidate� Once accepted, they must pass the two

prescribed subjects - Plant/Mining Engineering and Legal

Knowledge (different papers for factories and mines).

Persons registered as Professional Engineers with ECSA may

be exempted from the Plant Engineering paper�

Employment:


• The mining industry

• Organisations such as Transnet, Eskom, Mittal Steel,

CSIR, Sasol, Kentron, SABS, SABC, Denel, Portnet, and

Metrorail

• Municipalities

• Universities and Universities of technology

• Manufacturers of electrical equipment

• Private engineering consultants

• Self-employment, with enough experience and

initiative, working as a consultant or starting one’s

own manufacturing or engineering company�



Tel: (011) 607-9500 Fax: (011) 622-9295

E-mail: engineer@ecsa�co�za


Other Bodies:

South African Institute of Electrical Engineers

Tel: (011) 487-3003/6 / (011) 487-3002

www�saiee�org�za

Electrical Contractors Association of SA

Tel: (011) 392-0000

www�ecasa�co�za

16

MECHATRONIC ENGINEER

Mechatronic Engineering is a combination of precision Mechanical

Engineering, electronics and computer systems; the work incorporates

computer, control and systems design engineering, and can be used to create

intelligent machines and advanced manufacturing and processing systems�

Mechatronic Engineers research, design, develop and maintain machinery

with electronic and computer control systems, such as aircraft, robots,

motor vehicles, cameras, power generators and mining and chemical plant

machinery� They also test automation, intelligent systems, smart devices or

industrial systems control�

Mechatronic Engineering is a new focus area in engineering that promises

to become even more important in the future, in South Africa as well as

internationally� With automation currently regarded as the key to improved productivity, the need for mechatronics (which makes it

possible to generate simpler, more economical, reliable and versatile systems) increases by the day�

WHAT TO STUDY

The BEng (Mechatronic) programme contains elements from the BEng (Mechanical) and the BEng (Electrical and Electronic)

programmes� Mechatronic Engineers need to have a degree in Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Computer Science,

Control Systems Engineering or in a similar field in order to be eligible for employment as a Mechatronics Engineer. For research

posts, a Masters or PhD is required with courses taken in the field of mechatronics.

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MECHANICAL AND MECHATRONIC ENGINEERS

The most important difference between the Mechanical Engineering programme and the Mechatronic programme is that Mechanical

Engineers are equipped to develop mechatronic systems with existing controllers (computers, PLC’s, etc�), while Mechatronic

Engineers are also equipped to develop the necessary electronic controllers themselves (e�g� for built-in controllers) and the relevant

electronics� In the BEng (Mechatronic) programme, some of the more specialised elements of the BEng (Mechanical) programme are

replaced by Electronics and Computer Engineering from the BEng (Electrical and Electronic) programme�

A student doing a MSc Mechatronic Systems Engineering, a course designed for graduates & experienced Engineers who wish to update their skills in emerging areas of smart factories & smart cities, utilising Industry 4.0 technologies.https://www.mdx.ac.uk/courses/postgraduate/mechatronic-systems-engineering-msc

ENGINEERS OF THE FUTURE

17

Areas of Specialisation:

Biomedical Engineers: Apply engineering methods to solve

medical and other life science problems�

Computer Engineers: Design computers and associated

equipment, including microelectronics, which involves the

design, testing and manufacture of microchips�

Mechatronic Engineers: Design and maintain machinery with

electronic and computer control systems�

Telecommunication Engineers: Design and maintain

telecommunications equipment such as optic cables,

microwave techniques, cellular radio, satellite

communications, etc�

Computer Systems Engineers: Design and manufacture

circuit boards used for interfacing computers to other

equipment and sometimes write software for controlling

computer operations, etc�

Electronics Engineers: Design, prepare and supervise

designs, prepare specifications, estimates, tenders and

contracts� Some are involved in establishing and monitoring

performance, setting safety standards and specifying

methods for modification, maintenance and repair of

equipment and systems� Others may examine installations

to ensure that they meet contract conditions�

They are likely to liaise with clients, other Engineers, technical

officers, technicians, trades people and other workers.

Modern management abilities are important� Electronics

Engineers need to be able to participate in planning,

organisation and the control of proceedings�









Engineering and Technology�





from communities which lack proper education facilities�

Only students with good grades would be considered�

ELECTRONICS ENGINEER (215201)

Electronics Engineering is concerned with the generation,

transmission and processing of information and includes

computers, software, transmission networks, telephones,

radio, television, signal processing and optics.

Electronics Engineers design, develop, test and maintain

electronic parts and systems for application in the fields of

automation, communication, data processing, navigation,

military arms and entertainment� Some manage manufacturing

processes, while others may be responsible for the marketing

of products�

ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIST

(214502)

Electronic Engineering Technologists work

alongside Electronic Engineers in the design,

manufacture and maintenance of electronic parts in

various fields of application including automation,

communication, navigation, armaments, data

processing and entertainment.

Some examples of applications of Electronics Engineering

are as follows:

• Infrared cameras to “see” in the dark, an example

of obtaining information: phenomena that cannot

be observed by human beings are transformed by

electronics technology to observable phenomena�

• Computers to solve complicated problems and to

assimilate signals, an example of the assimilation of

information�

• Electronic systems involving the control of mechanical

and chemical processes, an example of the control of

information�

• Communications, such as international telephone

conversations and videophones, an example of the

transference of information�

• Mass media, such as radio and television, an example of

the distribution of information�

• Power electronics for the control of power generation

equipment�

• Control of processes and production lines using remote

control and data acquisition systems (SCADA, etc�)�

18

Further Training:

Degree: BEng Degree in Electronic Engineering Theoretical

lectures are supplemented by tutorial classes and practical

sessions that mostly take place in the laboratory�

Diploma: National Diploma in Electronic Engineering for

Electronic Engineering Technicians and Technologists�

Postgraduate: Research leads to an MSc or PhD�

Electronic Engineers can specialise in signal processing,

Telecommunications Engineering, Control Engineering,

Instrumentation Engineering, Computer Engineering or

Design Engineering�

Employment:

• Organisations such as Eskom, Sabs, Csir, Telkom,

Transnet, Denel, Kentron, Portnet, Metrorail, Sabc and

Sasol

• Manufacturers

• Mining industry

• Electronics companies


• Universities and Universities of Technology

• Private Electronic Engineering consultation firms and

development laboratories

• Large and small private companies involved with the

design, development, production and marketing of

electronic systems, subsystems and components of

products

• Self-employment, with enough experience and

initiative, working as a consultant or starting one’s own

manufacturing or engineering company�



Tel: (011) 607-9500 Fax: (011) 622-9295



South African Institute of Electrical Engineers

Tel: (011) 487-3003 Fax: (011) 487-3002



Tel: (011) 392-0000 Fax: (011) 974-9402


Alon Gorodetsky, University of California - Materials Engineer professor wins Presidential Early Career Award of $1 000 000 for his development of novel bio-inspired materials, including infrared stealth camouflage coatings for military applications and a new type of

fabric that lets wearers regulate their own body temperature, as well as bioelectronic devices for interfacing with living systems.(Photo by Debbie Morales) < https://news.uci.edu/2016/02/22/uci-materials-engineer-wins-presidential-early-career-award/ >

19



given more responsibilities as they gain experience�

Employment:

Companies and statutory organisations that employ

Materials Scientists include:

• Employers include the manufacturers of micro-

processors and computers, electronic equipment and

products, and producers of plastics, ceramic, steel,

glass etc�

• Mining companies such as Anglo American and De Beers

• Steel manufacturers Arcelor Mittal Steel,

• Research organisations such as CSIR, Council for Mineral

Technology - MINTEK

• Sasol

• Rand Mines

• Self-employment is also an option, with enough

experience, can start their own business and work

as consultants, particularly in the fields of welding,

casting, corrosion and failure analysis�


Mintek

Tel: (011) 709-4111

http://www�mintek�co�za/

The Minerals Council South Africa

Tel: (011) 834-1273/7

www�saimm�co�za

Mechanical Engineer (214401)

Mechanical Engineers research, develop, design,

manufacture and maintain machines, machine components

and systems in various fields of application.

They work on power-producing machines such as

generators, engines and steam and gas turbines� They also

work on power-using machines such as refrigeration and

air-conditioners, robots used in manufacturing, elevators

and escalators, and industrial production equipment�

Mechanical Engineering can be considered to be the

cornerstone of modern technology because it applies

the principles of natural science in a way that leads to the

greater convenience, progress and safety of mankind�

MATERIALS ENGINEER (214907)

Materials Engineers study the structures and properties

of various materials such as metals, alloys, ceramics,

semiconductors and polymers. The purpose of these studies

is to understand and characterize materials and to develop

new materials for commercial and scientific benefit.

Materials Engineers make sure that the right material is used

for the right job and may be involved in developing, selecting

or evaluating materials for specialist uses� Materials

Engineers find and develop creative and economical ways of

converting natural resources into final products. This covers

a very broad spectrum of materials and products�

Tasks may Include:

• Researching new and existing materials and assessing

their suitability for use�

• Conducting or supervising tests on raw materials or

finished products to ensure their quality.

• Consulting with regulatory officials and keeping up to

date with technological and legal developments�

• Experimenting on the production of materials, to

confirm the feasibility of processes and techniques for

potential users�

• Analysing product failure data and laboratory test

results in order to determine causes of problems and to

develop solutions�

• Monitoring material performance and evaluate material

deterioration�








Recommended Subjects: EGD, Geography


Further Training:

Degree: A BSc in Metallurgical Engineering / Extraction

Metallurgy

Diploma: A National Diploma in Metallurgical Engineering


studies materials science�

20

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIST

(214402)

Mechanical Engineering Technologists work

alongside Mechanical Engineers in the design,

manufacture and maintain machines, machine

components and systems in various fields of

application.

Tasks may Include:

• Researching, designing, evaluating, installing,

operating and maintaining mechanical products,

equipment, systems and processes to meet

requirements, applying knowledge of engineering

principles�

• Conferring with Engineers or other personnel to

implement operating procedures, resolve system

malfunctions or provide technical information�

• Reading and interpreting blueprints, technical

drawings, schematics or computer-generated reports�

• Assisting drafters in developing the structural design

of products using drafting tools or computer-assisted

design (CAD) or drafting equipment and software�

• Recommending design modifications to eliminate

machine or system malfunctions�

• Conducting research that tests or analysing the

feasibility, design, operation or performance of

equipment, components or systems�

• Investigating equipment failures and difficulties

to diagnose faulty operation, and to make

recommendations to maintenance crew�

• Developing and testing models of alternate designs

and processing methods to assess feasibility,

operating condition effects, possible new applications

and necessity of modification.

• Developing, coordinating or monitoring all aspects

of production, including selection of manufacturing

methods, fabrication, or operation of product designs�

• Specifying system components or direct modification

of products to ensure conformance with engineering

design and performance specifications.

• Ensuring that equipment, operation and maintenance

comply with design specifications and safety

standards�








Recommended Subjects: Information Technology, Technical

Drawing, Mechanical Technology�

Further Training:

Degree: A BSc in Mechanical Engineering

Afterwards, a period of two years practical training is required

before a person may register as a professional Engineer with

the Engineering Council of South Africa

Diploma: Universities of technology now offer a degree in

Mechanical Engineering in collaboration with universities�

Some TVET colleges offer courses for Engineering Technicians

and Technologists�



Of Technology offer postgraduate studies in Mechanical

Engineering�





from communities which lack proper education facilities�

Only students with good grades would be considered�

Employment:

• Manufacturing industries

• Government departments and organisations such as:

CSIR, Eskom, Necsa, Aeci, Sasol, Genmin, Jci, Mintek, SABS

• Mining companies

• Consulting engineering firms

• Universities and Universities Of Technology

• Self-employment, a registered Mechanical Engineer with

the necessary experience and initiative can work as a

consultant in any of the above-mentioned organisations

or can also start own manufacturing engineering

company�

Bursaries are also available from many of these institutions�

21








Recommended Subjects: EGD, Visual Arts


Further Training:

Degree: A Bachelor’s Degree in Mining Engineering takes 4

years to complete�



given more responsibilities as they gain experience�

Employment:


• Mining equipment manufacturers and suppliers

• Universities

• Private consultants

• Government mining departments as inspectors

• Self-employment, can work as an independent

consultant for mines


JCI Group Training Centre

Tel: (011) 411-2345


Tel: (011) 607-9500


What to Study:

Degree: BSc in Metallurgical Engineering or a Bachelor’s of

Mining Engineering

Diploma: National Diploma in Metallurgical Engineering

Those with these degrees are eligible for registration as

Engineers in Training� After gaining at least 3 years of

appropriate practical experience, Metallurgical Engineers

may register as Professional Engineers under the auspices

of the Engineering Council of South Africa�


CHIETA SETA (Chemical Industries Education and Training

Authority)

Tel: (011) 628-7000 Fax: (011) 726-7777

Call Centre: 0860 244 382

www�chieta�org�za


Tel: (011) 607-9500 Fax: (011) 622-9295



METALLURGICAL ENGINEER (214603)

The Metallurgical Engineer works with metals and alloys

in the development, production and manufacture of metal

items and structures. These range from tiny precision-

made components to huge heavy engineering parts. They

work with a wide range of products including, copper

sheeting, precious metals, iron, steel, zinc, copper and

aluminium alloys and are trained in the processes and

methods for the reclamation, processing and purification

of ore and mineral resources. The Metallurgical Engineer

combines science, mathematical and engineering

principles to extract various kinds of metal from the ore.

Tasks:

• Determining most suitable methods and types of

machinery to be used for mining and extraction�

• Planning the layout and construction of mining shafts,

tunnels, open-cast or other infrastructures to be used

in the mining of raw materials�

• Designing methods to separate metallic components

from the rest of the components, with consideration to

the environment�

• Performing laboratory studies in the manufacture of

new products and testing proposed processes in small

scale operation such as a pilot plant�

• Determining the location and planning the extraction of

coal, metallic ores, non-metallic minerals, and building

materials, such as stone and gravel�

• Determining the drilling site and devising methods of

controlling the flow of water, oil or gas from the wells.

• Planning and directing storage, initial treatment and

transportation of water, oil or gas�

• Establishing safety standards and procedures and first-

aid facilities, especially underground�

• Examining deposits or mines to evaluate profitability.

22

MINING ENGINEER (214602)

Mining Engineers plan, design, construct and operate

the facilities that are used to get solid materials out of

the earth�

Mining Engineers assess the feasibility, safety and

productivity of potential mine locations and plan, manage

and optimise the extraction of surface and underground

deposits� They must be prepared to supervise any phase of

mining and are responsible for the effective managing of the

mine. They are responsible for the economical and efficient

and safe operation of mines� Mining Engineers cooperate

with geological and Metallurgical Engineers to locate and

appraise new ore deposits� They develop new equipment or

processes for mining and try to improve working conditions

and problems related to the protection of the environment�

Tasks may Include:

• Determining the location and planning the extraction of

coal, metallic ores, non-metallic minerals, and building

materials, such as stone and gravel�

• Determining most suitable methods of efficient mining

and extraction, types of machinery to be used, planning

layout and directing construction of shafts and tunnels�

• Determining drilling site and devising methods of

controlling the flow of water, oil or gas from wells.

• Planning and directing storage, initial treatment and

transportation of water, oil or gas�

• Establishing safety standards and procedures and first-

aid facilities, especially underground�

• Conducting research, developing methods of extracting

metals from their ores and advising on their application�

• Investigating properties of metals and alloys, developing

new alloys and advising on and supervising technical

aspects of metal and alloy manufacture and processing�

• Maintaining technical liaison and consultancy with other

relevant specialists such as Geologists�








Recommended Subjects: EGD, Visual Arts�

Further Training:

Degree: A Bachelor’s Degree in Mining Engineering takes 4

years to complete�

Those with these degrees are eligible for registration as

Engineers in Training� After gaining at least 3 years of

appropriate practical experience, Mining Engineers may

register as Professional Engineers under the auspices of the

Engineering Council of South Africa�

Employment:



• Universities







Tel: (011) 607-9500


SURVEYOR (216502)

A Surveyor, measures and describes land, seabed, river

and lake bed surfaces to produce information for mining,

construction, map-making and other purposes.

Surveyors make precise measurements to determine

property boundaries used in the making of maps basic to all

construction planning and development�

• Land Surveying, is the science and practice of recording

and setting out the exact measurements of man-made

and natural features of the earth’s surface� Areas of

specialisation include:

• Topographical Surveying involves the preparation of

maps which show the physical features of the land�

• Geodetic Surveying provides a framework of beacons

according to the degree of latitude and longitude to

which any other surveys and maps can be connected�

• Cartography or Mapmaking is done by means of

photogrammetry and the maps are processed by

cartography for reproduction and distribution�

• Cadastral Surveying involves the measuring of property,

such as the planning of towns, cities, farms and sectional

title properties and their subdivision�

23

Further Training:

Various tertiary institutions around South Africa offer

courses to qualify in the various categories in the survey

field.

Degree: A BSc Geomatics or a BSc Land Surveying can be

studied at University and takes 4 years to complete�

Diploma: A National Diploma can be studied at a University

of Technology�

Employment:



• Universities






South African Geomatics Council�

Tel: 011 - 626 1040

https://sagc�org�za

23

• Engineering Surveying involves taking measurements

for the design of roads, freeways, railways, bridges,

tunnels and large structures�

• Hydrographical and Oceanographic Surveying concerns

mapping the marine environment or under-sea

topography�

Tasks:

• Measuring and describing land surfaces, mines,

underground surfaces, sea, river and lake beds�

• Noting exact position of various features and recording

survey data in digital form�

• Planning and conducting aerial photographic surveys�

• Designing, compiling and revising maps and charts

using aerial and other photographs, satellite imagery,

survey documents and data, existing maps and records,

reports and statistics�

• Undertaking research and development of Surveying

and photogrammetric measurement systems, cadastral

systems and land information systems�

• Maintaining technical liaison and consultancy with other

relevant specialists�



National Senior Certificate (Matric), or equivalent with a

Bachelor’s Degree pass�


Recommended Subjects: EGD� Each institution has its own

entry requirements�

24

ARTISANS are in high demand as trades are an essential part

of the chemical industry� The following trades are in high

demand: Electricians, Fitters, Mechatronics Technicians,

Mechanics, Millwrights, Turners, Boilermakers, Patternmakers,

Plumbers, Welders and Electronics Technicians�

Artisans are highly skilled in working with their hands - the

emphasis here is on practical skills. Whatever field an aspiring

artisan chooses to go into, they will find themselves learning

the ins and outs of manufacturing, servicing and repairs�

There is a high demand for artisans and the chance of finding

employment once you are qualified is very good, both at home

and abroad� The salaries for artisans are also good�

Artisans are critical to South Africa’s growth and development

as part of the 4th Industrial Revolution� As the industry

begins to adopt new technologies such as robotics, artificial

intelligence and innovations such as 3-D printing, Artisans

will need to adapt with the times� Manufacturing systems

will become automated and computer control systems more

commonplace� Artisans who don’t have computer skills will

become less effective whereas those with basic mechatronic

skills will be highly sought after�

Artisans will need to re-skill in computerised and electronic

operating systems as well as computer-aided design

software (CAD)�

CHECK IF YOU FIT THE REQUIREMENTS:

• Are you a practical person who enjoys building, making

and fixing things?

• Are you good at fixing broken things around the house?

• Are you creative?

• Would you be interested in working as a Carpenter,

Mechanic or Electrician?

In this section we focus on the most sought after trades

identified by the CHIETA SETA to see what they are about

and what is required to get ahead�

CAREERS IN TRADES

25

Practical Practical experience is gained while working with an employer or host

employer�

Theoretical Attend classes in order to complete the theoretical part of the training�

This will be done at a registered training centre or TVET College�

NCV National Certificate (Vocational)provides learners with an opportunity to gain both theoretical and practical

experience in a particular field (i�e� civil, mechanical, electrical,

electronic, computer, etc�)

NATED National Diploma in Engineering

National Accredited Technical Courses (NATED) courses offered by TVET Colleges, also referred to as ‘N’ courses or Report 191 programme,

provides learners with an opportunity to gain theoretical knowledge in a particular field of engineering (i�e� civil, mechanical, electrical,

electronic, computer� The ‘National Diploma is awarded to students

who have completed the N6 plus the required 18 months’ practical

experience in the workplace�

Students who achieve the National Diploma may articulate to higher institution of learning, subject to

the admission requirements of the institution and minimum requirement

of the particular field of study.

Once you have successfully completed all practical and

theoretical requirements and completed the minimum time in

the workplace, you can apply to do

a trade test�

Trade TestAssessment that includes

practical tasks that the apprentice must complete within a specified period.

Practical You will work under the supervision

of a qualified Artisan and will be paid a salary Most of this time you

will be actually working for the company and will gain practical

experience�

Pathway 1: Apprenticeship

Entry Requirement: Grade 9Duration: 3-4 years

Remuneration: Salary TO DO: Find a position within

a company which offers an apprenticeship programme

Artisan STUDY PATHS

ENTRY REQUIREMENT: Minimum Grade 9 Certificate,

but Matric is advisable

Pathway 2: Learnership

Entry Req: Normally Grade 12Duration: 1-3 years

Remuneration: Stipend ( Allowance to cover the costs of

transport, meals, etc)TO DO: find a learnerships advertised by online recruitment websites� Visit

your nearest Labour Centre to register as an unemployed workseeker�

A learnership is similar to an apprenticeship except that the

focus in on completing a learning programme leading to a qualification

Theoretical Theoretical component is provided by accredited training providers, classes

must be attended at a registered

training centre or TVET College�

Theoretical Attend classes in order to complete the theoretical part of the training�

This will be done at a registered training centre or TVET College�

Pathway 3: NC(V) & NATED programmes

Entry Req: NC(V) - Grade 9

NATED - Grade 12

Duration: 3 yearsRemuneration: None (bursaries

available)TO DO: Visit your nearest TVET College

There is no one singleroute to qualify as an Artisan, it all depends on your age, knowledge

and relevant work experience gained in the industry�

You are only a qualified Artisan after passing the

trade test�

26

BOILERMAKER (OFO 651302)

Boilermakers fabricate, assemble, construct and repair

steel structures. For example vats; tanks; boilers for

steam engines; pressure vessels for power stations and

petrochemical plants; mine head gear; bridges and oil

drilling platforms. They work on piping ranging from boilers

for steam engines; pressure vessels for power stations

and petrochemical plants, to mine head-gear, bridges and

oil-drilling platforms. They may work at schools and other

institutions with large heating plants, factories where

boilers are used to generate power to run machines, and

atomic energy plants.

Tasks may Include:

• Examining boilers, pressure vessels, tanks, or vats to

locate defects, such as leaks, weak spots, or defective

sections, so that they can be repaired�

• Bolting or arcing weld pressure vessel structures and

parts together, using wrenches or welding equipment�

• Inspecting assembled vessels or individual components,

such as tubes, fittings, valves, controls, or auxiliary

mechanisms, to locate any defects�

• Repairing or replacing defective pressure vessel parts,

such as safety valves or regulators, using torches, jacks,

caulking hammers, power saws, threading dies, welding

equipment or metalworking machinery�

• Attaching rigging and signal crane or hoist operators to

lift heavy frame and plate sections or other parts into

place�

• Beading with power hammers, or welding pressure

vessel tube ends to ensure leak-proof joints�

• Laying out plate, sheet steel, or other heavy metal and

locating and marking bending and cutting lines, using

protractors, compasses and drawing instruments or

templates�

• Installing manholes, hand-holes, taps, tubes, valves,

gauges or feed-water connections in drums of water

tube boilers, using hand tools�

• Studying blueprints to determine locations, relationships

or dimensions of parts�

• Straightening or reshaping bent pressure vessel plates

or structure parts, using hammers, jacks, or torches�



Grade 9 Certificate

Some employers demand higher qualifications

Compulsory Subjects: None

Further Training:

There are 3 ways to qualify as a registered Artisan:

See Study pathways on Page 11

Employment:

• Engineering factories

• Construction companies

• Iron and steel plants

• Petroleum refineries

• Railways and shipyards


• Electrical and atomic power plants

• Such organisations as: sasol and mittal steel

• Mines


South African Institute of Welding

https://www�saiw�co�za

Johannesburg Branch

+27 (11) 298 2100

info@saiw�co�za

Durban Branch

+27 (87) 351 6568

elizabeth�shole@saiw�co�za

Cape Town Branch

+27 (21) 555 2535

liz�berry@saiw�co�za

Trainee Boilermaker at Technotrain working on a simulated hydrolics system.

27

COMPUTER NETWORK TECHNICIAN

(351301)

A Computer Network Technician, also known as a network

technician, is responsible for setting up and maintaining a

computer network and other data communications systems�

They monitor the day-to-day operations of an organisation’s

computer network and assist in installing hardware and

software for all the systems based on the organisations

requirements� This includes the LAN, WAN internet, intranets,

and extranets of an organisation�

Technicians need to interact with clients and their team

members to develop and deploy new security strategies

to make sure that all systems and data are secure� They

formulate the best practices to meet the technological

requirements of an organisation�

Tasks may Include:

• Designing and installing computer networks, network

cables and wi-fi connections.

• Configuring and maintaining the network and the

network software�

• Installing and correcting connections to ports and

configuring network routers and hubs.

• Identifying faults and bottlenecks so that the network

is working optimally�

• Supervising the LAN’s and WAN’s, establishing and

maintaining network security�

• Troubleshooting failures and malfunctions, fixing any

bugs or contacting appropriate specialists to remedy

the failure�

• Performing necessary upgrades to the network

infrastructure as needed�

• Testing and configuring software, maintaining and

repairing hardware and peripheral devices�



National Senior Certificate with a Diploma pass, depending

on which course you will be applying for


Recommended Subjects: Mathematics, Information

Technology

Further Training:

Diploma: National Diploma in Computer Systems or

Information Systems

Certification in A+, MCSE or CCNA would be beneficial.

Most computer companies provide product-orientated

training for technicians� The duration of this training is

normally dependent on the complexity of the equipment

and whether it is basic or advanced training�

Employment:

• All businesses and industries


• Computer manufacturers and retailers

• Educational institutions such as Universities of

technology

• Local authorities and other institutions

• Self-employment - computer network technicians, with

enough experience and capital, may start their own

businesses�


Computer Society of SA

Tel: (011) 315-1319

www�cssa�org�za

DRAUGHTSPERSON (311801)

A Draughtsmen or Draughter prepares technical drawings

and plans used by production and construction workers

to build everything from manufactured products such as

spacecraft or industrial machinery, to structures such as

office buildings or oil and gas pipelines.

Their drawings provide visual guidelines, showing the

technical details of the products and structures, specifying

dimensions, materials to be used, and procedures and

processes to be followed. Drafters fill in technical details,

using drawings, rough sketches, specifications, codes and

calculations supplied by Engineers, Surveyors, Architects

or Scientists.

Tasks may Include:

• Arranging for completed drawings to be reproduced for

use as working drawings�

• Copying drawings and paintings onto stone or metal

plates for printing�

• Creating detailed working diagrams of machinery and

mechanical devices, including dimensions, fastening

methods, and other engineering information�

• Operating computer-aided design and drafting

equipment to create, modify and generate hard-copy

and digital representations of working drawings�

28

• Operating digitising table or similar equipment to

transfer hard-copy representation of working drawings,

maps and other curves to digital form�

• Preparing and revising illustrations for reference

works, brochures and technical manuals dealing with

the assembly, installation, operation, maintenance and

repair of machinery and other equipment and goods�

• Preparing and revising working drawings from sketches

and specifications prepared by Engineers and designers

for the manufacture, installation and erection of

machinery and equipment or for the construction,

modification, maintenance and repair of buildings,

dams, bridges, roads and other architectural and civil

engineering projects�

• Preparing wiring diagrams, circuit board assembly

diagrams, and layout drawings used for manufacture,

installation, and repair of electrical equipment in

factories, power plants and buildings�



National Senior Certificate meeting the requirements

for a diploma course� Some employers require higher

qualifications.


Recommended Subjects: Engineering and Graphic Design ,

Mathematics, Physical Science

Further Training:

Diploma: Training consists of 18 months of academic training,

available at most Universities of technology, and 18 months

of in-service training at an approved firm. To be accepted

for training, candidates must first apply for employment at

possible employers� The employer usually pays the tuition

fees and also pays the learner Draughtsman a salary during

training�

Diplomas available are:

N�Dip� Architectural Technology - CPUT, DUT, TUT

N�Dip� Cartography - CPUT, TUT

N�Dip� Surveying - CPUT, UKZN

N�Dip� Town and Regional Planning - CPUT, DUT, UJ, US,

UFS, UV

N�Dip� Mine Surveying - UNISA

These courses take three years to complete�

Prospective Draughters can also obtain certificate courses

in Multi-Disciplinary Drawing Office Practice (N4 - N5) at a

TVET college. After obtaining the certificate, the students

must undergo three years of in-service training in a drawing

office, before they can be called Draughters.

Alternatively, register with an employer providing suitable

in-service training�

Employment:

• Architectural and engineering firms

• Such organisations as: mittal steel, eskom, sasol,

transnet

• Municipalities


• Metal manufacturing companies

• Machinery construction companies


• Contract draughting firms

• Government departments, such as : water affairs,

agricultural economics and marketing, mineral and

energy affairs

• Self-employment, doing freelance work or with

enough experience and capital, can start own

business


SA Institute of Draughting

Telefax: (021) 532-0261

www�SA/Draughting�com

SABS Design Institute

South African Bureau of Standards

Tel: (012) 428-6326 Fax: (012) 428-6546

www�sabs�co�za

The Draughtsperson discusses technical drawings and plans.

29

An Artisan is someone who is qualified in a trade to do skilled work using their hands. Over the years hand skills have

been replaced by tools and machines� In more recent year’s tools and machines have become more and more automated�

In future we are looking increasingly at machine learning as part of Industry 4�0� As machines are becoming more

computerised and automated the skills required to operate and maintain these machines will also need to adjust�

In the online job adverts posted today we see more and more ads for artisans who have technology-based skills� Skills

in design using computers (CAD), in automation (using CNC machines) and even in 3D printing are more in demand now

than ever�

Listed below are just a few innovations which are already transforming the way in which products are manufactured� How

will technologies such as computerised systems, and electronic operating systems using sensors and automated controls

impact on the work of an Artisan�

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN (CAD)

Using computer-aided design software (CAD) Artisans are able to design and

render products in 2D or 3D which can then when rotated to be viewed from

various angles and perspectives� Designs can be saved and adapted when

needed, or transferred to a CNC machine or a 3D printer to be manufactured�

CNC TECHNOLOGY

CNC machining is a process in which pre-programmed computer software

automatically controls the movement of factory tools and machinery� First the

CAD drawing is translated to computer code for the CNC system to execute� When a CNC system is activated, the desired

cuts are made by machines which have been programmed to carry out the dimensional tasks like a robot�

3 D PRINTING

A 3D printing device builds objects by printing layer upon layer of materials� The printer

builds according to the specifications provided from a computer model created using

CAD� Using this process and Artisan may design any number or type of products from

various materials�

The rapid pace of change means that Artisans will need to becomes more

innovative and creative to offset the impact of technology. Soft skills are hard

to automate, so develop your people skills.

DEVELOP YOUR SOFT-SKILLSSoft skills refer to your character traits and your self-management skills and your ability to work with other people� The World

Economic Forum Future of Jobs report says that by 2020, complex problem-solving, critical thinking, creativity, people management

and emotional intelligence would be among the most important skills required in the workplace� Soft skills cannot be automated!

The 4IR will require that the Artisan of the future will need to continually update their skills to stay relevant� Prepare yourself for

the future, be ready to adapt and change always be willing to learn�

ARTISANSOF THE FUTURE

30

ELECTRICIAN (671101)

Electricians are involved in the generation,

transmission, distribution and usage of electricity.

They install, repair and maintain electrically operated

equipment such as generators, geysers, refrigerators

and stoves. They detect electrical faults and repair

them. Repairs may involve replacing fuses, switches or

wires. Once the repair is complete the electrician tests

the equipment to ensure that it is working properly.

Tasks may Include:

• Examining blueprints, wiring diagrams and specifications

to determine sequences and methods of operation�

• Inspecting electrical systems, equipment and

components to identify hazards, defects, and the need

for adjustment or repair�

• Installing, maintaining and repairing electrical wiring

systems and related equipment in various buildings

such as schools, hospitals, commercial establishments,

residential buildings and other structures�

• Measuring and laying out installation reference points

• Planning layout and installation of electrical wiring,

equipment and fixtures, based on job specifications and

relevant standards�

• Positioning and installing electrical switchboards�

• Selecting, cutting and connecting wire and cable to

terminals and connectors�

• Testing continuity of circuit�



Grade 9 Certificate. Some employers prefer higher

qualifications.


Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics�

Recommended Subjects: Engineering and Technology�

Further Training:



Prospective Construction Electricians must complete a

course of study in the subject SABS Code of Practice for the

Wiring of Premises, with a minimum pass of 50 per cent�

Universities of technology offer this course.

To be registered as a Construction Electrician, a completed

course in Specialised Electrical Installation Code, at least 2

years practical experience after registration and a full N3

Certificate are required. This qualification is for the “top of

the range/specialist” Electrician and it allows the registered

person to work in all fields of electrical work.

Employment:


• Transportation services

• Municipalities

• Factories

• Mines and industries

• Private electrical businesses

• Private companies employing Electricians

• Such organisations as: SA Post Office, Sasol Mittal

Steel, Eskom, Sabs, Sabc, Telkom

• Self-employment, with enough experience initiative

and capital, can start own business�



Tel: (011) 392-0000


31

FITTER AND TURNER (652302)

Fitters and Turners are highly skilled craftspeople who

manufacture, construct, assemble and fit components for

machinery, vehicles, installations and other apparatus or

articles. Fitter and turners are also responsible for the

maintenance and repair of such equipment.

Fitters and Turners first select and mark off the material

required according to exact measurements on blueprints,

drawings or a model� They then shape the rough piece of

metal into its final form with power-operated tools such as

lathes, milling, drilling and planing machines. Finally they fit

the parts required to complete the machine or article and

inspect and test the final assembly for true fit.

Tasks may Include:

• Fitting, assembling and welding metal parts and sub-

assemblies to fabricate production machines, other

equipment and pipe system�

• Using equipment such as lathes, milling machines,

drills and planing machines and welders to construct,

assemble and fit components for machinery, vehicles,

installations and other apparatus�

• Examining work pieces for defects and measuring

work pieces with straight edges or templates to ensure

conformance with specifications.

• Joining metal parts by hand soldering�

• Monitoring the fitting, burning, and welding processes

to avoid overheating of parts or warping, shrinking,

distortion, or expansion of material�

• Operating safety equipment and using safe work habits�



Grade 9 Certificate.

Some employers prefer higher qualifications


Recommended Subjects: Mechanical Technology,

Mathematics, Engineering and Graphic Design

Further Training:

The duration of the learnership is normally 4 years in the

metal industry�

The training of Fitters and Turners can be divided into three

aspects, namely the practical training at an accredited

training centre, in-service training under the supervision

of qualified trades-persons and theoretical training. The

theoretical training is done through a TVET college, such as

Northlink, False Bay, Umgungundlovu, Ekurhuleni West, or a

correspondence college, up to the level of N6�



Employment:

• Fitting and Turning Contractors engaged in

manufacturing, construction or maintenance and

repair

• Large engineering works

• Large industrial plants and factories


• Shipyards


• Transnet

• Mines

• Garages




32

INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY MECHANIC (653301)

An Industrial Machinery Mechanic maintains and repairs

factory equipment and other industrial machinery

such as conveying systems, production machinery and

packaging equipment.

Industrial Machinery Mechanics use technical manuals as

well as their understanding of industrial equipment and

careful observation to discover the cause of a problem�

For example, after hearing a vibration from a machine,

an Industrial Machinery Mechanic must decide whether

it is due to a worn belt, weak motor bearings, or some

other problem� After diagnosing a problem, an Industrial

Machinery Mechanic may take the equipment apart to

repair or replace the necessary parts� Once a repair is made,

Industrial Machinery Mechanics must test the machine to

make sure it runs smoothly� They may also do preventive

maintenance� Typically, years of training and experience are

needed to diagnose all problems fully�

The types of equipment used by an Industrial Machinery

Mechanic include, hand tools, lathes, grinders or drill

presses� In recent years, computerised diagnostic systems

and vibration analysis techniques are being used to help

source problems� Industrial Machinery Mechanics will

increasingly require electrical, electronic, and computer

programming skills to repair sophisticated equipment�

Tasks may Include:

• Fitting, installing, examining and repairing industrial

machinery and mechanical equipment�

• Oiling and greasing engines and machinery�

• Inspecting and testing new machinery and mechanical

equipment for conformity with standards and

specifications.

• Disassembling machinery and equipment to remove

parts and make repairs�

• Examining parts for defects such as breakages and

excessive wear�

• Testing newly repaired machinery and equipment to

verify the adequacy of repairs�

• Recording repairs and maintenance performed�


Level of Schooling and School Subjects

Schooling & School Subjects



Recommended Subjects: Civil Technology, Mechanical

Technology, Mathematics, Physical Sciences

Further Training:



Employment:

• Engineering factories



• Petroleum refineries

• Railways and shipyards


• Electrical and atomic power plants

• Such organisations as: Sasol and Mittal Steel

• Mines

INSTRUMENT MECHANICIAN (672105)

Instrument Machanician’s install, modify, maintain and

repair electronic instruments and control systems.

Tasks may Include:

• Reassembling, test operating and adjusting equipment�

• Providing coaching and mentoring support, and giving

feedback�

• Installing electronic instruments and control systems�

• Connecting components to assemblies such as radio

systems, instruments, magnetos, inverters, and in-

flight refuelling systems.

• Coordinating work with that of Engineers, technicians,

and other maintenance personnel�

• Interpreting test data to diagnose malfunctions and

systemic performance problems�

• Adjusting, repairing, and replacing worn and defective

parts and wiring, and maintaining machines, equipment

and instruments�

• Installing, adjusting, repairing or replacing electrical

and electronic components, assemblies, and systems

using hand tools, power tools, or soldering irons�

• Keeping records of maintenance and repair work�

• Examining and testing machines, instruments,

components, other equipment, instruments and

control systems to identify faults�

33


Level of Schooling and School Subjects:

Schooling & School Subjects



Recommended Subjects: Civil Technology, Mechanical

Technology, Mathematics, Physical Sciences

Further Training:



Employment:

• Large engineering works

• Large industrial plants and factories


• Shipyards


• Transnet

• Mines

• Garages


For more information about qualifications and skills

programmes, contact your nearest TVET College� TVET

Colleges are accredited and funded by a SETA (Sector

Education and Training Authority) such as CHIETA SETA� They

also receive bursary funding through the National Student

Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) for the NCV programme�

MILLWRIGHT (671202)

Millwrights or Electromechanicians install and maintain

heavy machinery used in industry. They perform

maintenance work on production machines, electrically

driven machines and electronic control gear.

The work is both mechanical and electrical� It involves

dismantling, fault detection, repairing and in some cases,

the manufacturing of parts, as well as the maintenance,

reconstruction and installation of machinery�

Tasks may Include:

• Inserting shims, adjusting tension on nuts and bolts,

or positioning parts, using hand tools and measuring

instruments, to set specified clearances between

moving and stationary parts�

• Aligning machines and equipment, using hoists, jacks,

hand tools, squares, rules, micrometers and plumb

bobs� Assembling and installing equipment, using hand

tools and power tools�

• Laying out mounting holes, using measuring

instruments, and drilling holes with power drill�

• Signaling crane operator to lower basic assembly units

to bedplate, and aligning unit to centerline�

• Replacing defective parts of machine or adjusting

clearances and alignment of moving parts�

• Leveling bedplate and establish centerline, using

straightedge, levels, and transit�

• Dismantling machines, using hammers, wrenches,

crowbars and other hand tools�

• Attaching moving parts and subassemblies to basic

assembly unit, using hand tools and power tools�

• Moving machinery and equipment, using hoists, dollies,

rollers and trucks�

Jonathan Trollip the Operations Manager of Technotrain instructing a learner (Senalo Khaba) on electrical circuits as part of his training to be a Millwright. Senalo, employed at PG Bison, studied BTech in Mechanical Engineering at UJ after school. He is a qualified Mechanical Engineer but he is doing a trade to advance his practical skills. Senalo believes that he needs to be continually learning new skills in order to stay ahead.

34

Employment:

• Machinery manufacturers

• Manufacturers of transportation equipment

• Manufacturers of metal, paper, steel, and chemical

products

• Construction industry

• Manufacturers and installers of electrical equipment

• Government departments and municipalities

• Mines

• Mittal Steel, Eskom, Sasol, CSIR, NECSA

• Self-employment, with enough experience and capital,

can start own business


The Steel & Engineering Industries Federation of South

Africa (SEIFSA)

Tel: (011) 298-9400 Fax: (011) 298-9500

www�seifsa�co�



Grade 9 Certificate


Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics

Recommended Subjects: Physical Sciences, Engineering and

Technology

Further Training:






Education and Training Authority) such as CHIETA SETA� They

also receive bursary funding through the National Student

Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) for the NCV programme�

34

35




Recommended subjects: EGD, Mathematics, Physical

Sciences

Further Training:

Certificate: TVET College

It is assumed that an occupational trainer will be a qualified

Artisan or has achieved technical or occupational expertise

as they will act as a trainer of persons in the same field�

Employment:

• TVET Colleges

• Accredited Training Centres

• All large organisations

• Mines

• Vehicle manufacturers

• Self-employment, as an independent trainer

Shamreeth Dookie Occupational Trainer at Technotrain. He is a qualified Boilermaker and has 23 years of trade experience. He now uses his experience as an Artisan to help learners to qualify. Occupational Training Managers are in short supply and considered a scarce skill because of the experience needed. Here he is showing a learner how to do geometric drawings. Engineering design is an important component of working as an Artisan.

OCCUPATIONAL INSTRUCTOR /TRAINER (242202)

The Occupational Trainer is a qualified and experienced

technical expert who is equipped to deliver training in

a specific field of expertise. An a Occupational Trainer

may be an expert in one or more occupations based on

years of experience working on the job.

An Occupational Trainer is able to impart those skills to

others by developing or facilitating training interventions

such as apprenticeships, learnerships and skills programmes

for the employees� They may work within an organisation or

may work at an accredited training centre such as a TVET

College�

An occupational trainer conducts specialised training

sessions or on-the-job learning opportunities, in addition

they may manage the learnership programme or trade� They

evaluate their training efforts by measuring the progress of

learners and improvement in an organisation performance�

Tasks may Include:

• Identifying training needs and requirements of the

organisations in relation to a specific trade, skill or

subject area�

• Establishing the profile, special needs and barriers

to learning of the learner undergoing the training

intervention�

• Establishing various methods of delivery in the form

of individual or group based learning, facilitating

workshops, meetings, demonstrations and on-the-job

learning�

• Preparing and developing instructional training

materials such as handbooks, visual aids, online

tutorials, demonstration models, and supporting

training reference documentation�

• Setting learning objectives for training participants and

evaluating and assessing learners in relation to these

learning outcomes�

• Assisting in the management of apprenticeships,

learnerships or skills programmes �

• Monitoring and performing ongoing evaluation and

assessment of training quality and effectiveness,

reviewing and modifying training objectives, methods

and course deliverables�

• Evaluating training efforts by measuring the progress of

learners and improvement in organisation performance�

• Gathering evidence and making assessment and

reporting on the learning intervention�

36

RIGGER (651501)

Riggers erect hoisting tackle, assemble and erect derricks

or sheer legs for construction purposes and install and

maintain steel cables and ropes. They also assist in erecting

chimney stacks, large buildings and heavy machinery.

Before objects are handled, riggers calculate their weight

and ascertain the best way of securing and moving them�

Riggers are responsible for the inspection, lubrication and

maintenance of all types of lifting tackle, including cranes,

derricks, driving winders, jacks, hoists and manually operated

lifting equipment� They need to have a sound knowledge of

scaffolding, platforms and tripods� Riggers can also perform

groundwork such as the clearing of tracks after a railway

accident, or installing or moving heavy machinery�

They play important roles in all branches of heavy industry�

They may work in workshops, underground in mines, on

ground level or hundreds of metres up in the air�

This job can often be very dangerous� Riggers are seldom

stationary while working� They are continually moving about,

climbing and working in all possible positions and locations�

Yassmin Abdel-Magied, a female rigger at work on an oil rig. “Like anything, working as a female in a male-dominated industry is all of the things – challenging, difficult, fun, rewarding, unexpected and above all, completely subjective.”

(https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jun/19/i-work-on-an-oil-rig-with-150-men-you-wouldnt-believe-the-stories).

Tasks may Include:

• Estimating the size, shape and weight of objects to be

moved�

• Preparing the plans, designs, equipment and all other

specifications related to the project.

• Deciding on the method and type of equipment to be

used for lifting�

• Directing crane operators to move equipment - to and

from work areas�

• Directing workers in splicing ropes and metal cables to

form hoisting slings�

• Erecting and repairing derricks in the case of drilling rigs

for water and oil wells�

• Lifting and mounting scenery, lighting, sound and other

equipment for concerts, theatres and film sets.

• Installing communication towers, wind turbines, aerial

cableways, and similar infrastructure�

• Ensuring compliance with safety procedures�



Grade 9 Certificate


Recommended Subjects: None

Further Training:



Employment:

• Building Industry

• Manufacturers

• Transnet

• Mines

• Metal Industry

37

chain, binders or covers to prevent loss and damage

during transport, ensure hazardous loads are

transported correctly�

• Planning routes and meeting delivery schedules,

adjusting routes based on changing conditions, using

computer equipment, global positioning systems (GPS)

equipment, or other navigation devices to minimise

petrol consumption and carbon emissions�

• Manoeuvring the truck into loading or unloading position,

following signals from loading crew and checking that

vehicle and loading equipment are properly positioned�

• Maintaining accurate logs and records about the truck

and the transported products�

• Following relevant safety regulations and laws governing

vehicle operation�



Grade 9 Certificate

Requirement: Relevant truck driving licence based on the

code requirement for the truck you will drive�

Employment:

• Logistic Companies

• Trucking Companies

• Manufacturers

• Government

• Construction Industry

Statistics from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reveal that South Africa has startlingly low rates of employed women drivers.

Barlowworld Transport Training center started focusing on developing these skills in the transport industry.

https://fleetwatch.co.za/women-truck-drivers-will-become-a-priority/.

TRUCK DRIVER (GENERAL) (733201)

Truck Drivers transport cargo to and from specified

destinations. The route may be a long city-to-city haul, a

drive within a city or even short trips inside construction or

mining compounds. They may also do regular long-distance

runs on the same route, sometimes sharing the driving with

another driver. A special drivers’ licence is required.

Truck Drivers are responsible for driving heavy vehicles safely,

in accordance with road regulations and with maximum

efficiency� They are responsible for checking the condition

and safety of the trucks before leaving but may also have

to perform emergency roadside repairs if problems are

experienced on the journey, such as changing tyres or

installing light bulbs or spark plugs� On a typical day a truck

driver may collect delivery instructions from appropriate

sources, verify instructions and routes and manoeuvre the

trucks into loading or unloading positions� A truck driver may

need to do an inventory and inspect the goods to be moved

to determine quantities and conditions� Trucks need to be

driven to weigh stations before and after loading and along

routes to document weights and to comply with regulations�

Tasks may Include:

• Driving a truck with or without a trailer or a truck to

transport goods and raw materials over short or long

distances�

• Estimating weights and load to comply with load

limitations, and ensuring the safe distribution of weights�

• Securing the cargo for transport using ropes, blocks,

Recommended Subjects: Civil Technology, Mechanical Tech-

nology, Mathematics, Physical Sciences

Further Training:






Education and Training Authority) such as CHIETA SETA�

They also receive bursary funding through the National

Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS) for the NCV

programme�

Employment:

• Motor manufacturing industry

• Electricity supply industry

• Explosives and allied industries

• Metal industries

• Railway undertakings

• Heavy and light engineering industries

• Gate and fence industry

• Self-employment, with enough experience can practice

this trade privately or start own business




38

WELDER (651202)

Welders’ skills are used in the construction and

maintenance of pipelines, boilers, nuclear reactors,

pressure vessels, motor vehicles, oil rigs and turbine

castings. They need to be competent in welding many

different types of metal (mild steel, stainless steel or

aluminium) using various processes. A welder fabricates

and repairs metal products using various welding

techniques. Recognising welding defects and being able

to correct them is also part of the job.

Welders must also be able to identify welding electrodes

and filler wire compositions and know how to store and dry

electrodes and fluxes� The most common types of welding

are electric, arc, resistance and gas welding� Other methods

include the use of electron beams and laser beams�

Tasks may Include:

• Welding components in flat, vertical, or overhead positions.

• Operating safety equipment and using safe work habits�

• Laying out, positioning, aligning, and securing parts

and assemblies prior to assembly, using straightedges,

combination squares, calipers and rulers�

• Examining workpieces for defects and measuring

workpieces with straightedges or templates to ensure

conformance with specifications.

• Recognizing, setting up and operating hand and power

tools common to the welding trade, such as shielded metal

arc and gas metal arc welding equipment�

• Welding separately or in combination, using aluminum,

stainless steel, cast iron, and other alloys�

• Clamping, holding, tack-welding, heat-bending, grinding or

bolting component parts to obtain required configurations

and positions for welding�

• Selecting and installing torches, torch tips, filler rods, and

flux, according to welding chart specifications or types and

thicknesses of metals�

• Igniting torches or starting power supplies and strike arcs

by touching electrodes to metals being welded, completing

electrical circuits�

• Connecting and turning regulator valves to activate and

adjust gas flow and pressure so that desired flames are

obtained�



Grade 9 Certificate



39

LASER BEAM WELDING

Most people think of welding as having something to do with a blowtorch and

a person wearing a face-mask with orange sparks flying all over the place. New

welding technologies such as electron beam welders and laser welders are more

precise and use less heat and no x-rays are generated� These technologies can

even be used to join miniature electronic components together� In addition the

process is easily automated with robotic machinery�

Seen on the right, laser welders are being used in a project coordinated by the

The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), to repair components in a

generator that has suffered surface damage. Due to its low heat input the process

is suited to performing small-scale repairs which is beyond the scope of traditional

welding systems�

(https://www�csir�co�za/laser-welding-services-industry)

INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY MECHANICS

Industrial Machinery Mechanics and technicians work in

increasingly automated environment and need to be highly

skilled and trained to work with the new technology� The

South African automotive industry is an example of this,

investing billions into assembly line robots� Although there

has been criticism of this investment, according to Johan

van Zyl, president of Toyota in SA, this investment is critical

in enabling an inefficient and inwardly-focused sector to

modernise and compete on a global stage�

(http://www�ipsnews�net/2013/04/should-south-african-

taxpayers-subsidise-car-making-robots/)

TRUCK DRIVERS STILL IN HIGH DEMAND

Automated Vehicles will support Truck Drivers, not replace them� Despite concerns that a rise in automated vehicles

will displace significant numbers of Truck Drivers, a new

report finds that only a modest number of Truck Driver

jobs, if any, will be affected. But due to existing truck

driver worker shortages, and the belief that automated

technology will largely support Truck Drivers instead of

replacing them, Truck Drivers are not likely to be displaced

in large numbers, says the report�

(https://www�truckinginfo�com/310559/study-automated-

vehicles-wont-displace-truck-drivers)

ARTISANS OF THE FUTURE USING NEW TECHNOLOGY

40

CAREERS INSCIENCE & MEDICINE

There are many exciting and challenging opportunities for

science graduates within the chemical industry.

Dr Michael Booth, Chairman of the South African Chemicals

Institute (SACI), says that a candidate with a Bachelor of

Science Degree (Hons) with 4 to 5 years’ experience will

potentially have a very bright future as a scientist within the

chemical industry�

Scientific careers in the fields of chemistry, biochemistry and

pharmacy are highly specialised and most employers offer

generous incentive programmes to attract graduates and to

train them on the job�

Thembelani Somya, Group Talent Develop, Diversity &

Inclusion Officer at Aspen Pharma says: “It generally takes 6

months or longer to fill certain positions due to a combination

of factors such as a lack of experience/qualifications,

unsuitable job locations”� For this reason many organisations

within the chemical industry run intership and learnership

programmes� Lorenzo Pietersen, Training Coordinator

at Rheinmetall Denel-Munition, believes that on-the-job

training is essential: “We run graduate programmes within

our organisation in order to train these graduates on the job

to our requirements”�

The chemicals industry also offers tremendous scope to

advance into the commercial side of the industry� Graduates

may start off working in a research and end up working in

a sales, logistics, finance or IT within senior management

positions�


• Do you have a thirst for knowledge?

• Do you have an itch to understand how the natural

world works?

• Are you a thinker?

• Could you imagine yourself working in a laboratory?

• Are you good at Mathematics and Physical Science at

school?

41

SCIENCE & MEDICINE STUDY PATHS


With Mathematics and Physical Science

UNIVERSITY

Bachelor Of Science Degree

Majors in:

MathematicsPhysics

Chemistry Microbiology

GeologyPharmacology

Human AnatomyBiochemistry

GeneticsPhysiology

or any other related subject offered by the university.


National Diploma

Diploma in:

Forestry Biomedical and Clinical Technology

Health and SafetyMedical Orthotics and Prosthetics

PharmacyRadiographySomatology

or any other related qualification offered

by the university of technology�


Experience

PostgradA postgraduate degree or diploma is

needed in order to specialise� Each insti-tution will have specific areas that they

will promote� With regard to the medical sciences these specialisation areas may

include:

PaediatricsPharmacology

SerologyCoagulation

Protein TraffickingGenetic Engineering and Cloning

and many more�

Each education institution has its own unique entry requirements for each

of its programmes� Check the entry requirements with your

institution beforeyou apply�

Workplace experience is a

requirement for the completion of a

national diploma at a University of Technology�

University of Technology students who intend doing

postgraduate studies at university will need to complete a Advanced Diploma which can be

followed by a Masters and Doctorate degree�

42

AGRICULTURAL SCIENTIST (234102)

Agricultural Scientists or Agriculturists study farming

and endeavour to increase productivity. They advise

farmers on farming methods and communicate new

ideas about farming in order to increase production.

They look for ways to improve quality, but in a less

labour-intensive way. They also try to conserve soil and

water and make farming safer and more effective.

Agricultural Scientists can specialise in various fields such

as agronomy, biochemistry, zoology, physics, genetics, soil

science, entomology, agricultural extension, agricultural

meteorology, botany, dairy science, animal science,

agricultural economy, agricultural engineering, pasture

science, oenology and wildlife management�

The Agricultural Scientist concerned with crop science

investigates field crop problems and develops new and

improved growing methods to obtain higher yields or

better quality. They may specialise in a specific crop, group

of crops, production, weed and pest control or irrigation�

The Agricultural Scientist concerned with animal science

conducts research on animals, and develops scientific

methods of breeding, caring for, and managing farm

animals� They specialise in certain types of animals, their

breeding, physiology, or nutrition or the products of

animals such as meat, butter or eggs�

Agricultural Scientists work in a variety of environments,

again depending on the specialisation; for example: office

environments, in laboratories, test kitchens or dairies

and outdoors, particularly when doing research� They use

scientific equipment.

Sometimes they are involved in agricultural research�

Farmers use existing knowledge to produce food and fibres

without harming the environment� Training, counselling

and research are important tasks of an Agriculturist�

Tasks may Include:

• Collecting and preparing specimens from the soil, plant

or animal for experiments, tests and analyses�

• Study the effects of light, humidity, water and

temperature on plants and animals�

• Identifying pathogenic micro-organisms and insects,

parasites, fungi and weeds harmful to crops and

livestock, and assisting in devising methods of control�

• Studying the soil and its composition, and how to

improve its properties to encourage plant growth�

• Analysing samples of seeds for quality, purity and

germination rating�

• Analysing produce to set and maintain standards of

quality�

• Studying the reproduction, development, genetics and

diseases�

• Advising on various ways of preparing and treating

agricultural products for markets and problems related

to handling, storing, packaging or transportation of

these�

• Discovering better ways of preservation, packaging and

distribution�






Recommended subjects: Life Sciences

In addition, check the university admission requirements to

see if you qualify for the programme you want to do�

Further Training:

Degree: A Bachelor of Science Degree in Agriculture

Science or related Degree is a 4-year degree offered at

most Universities in South Africa�

Postgraduate: Postgraduate Degree programmes in

various specialisations are offered at honours, master’s and

doctoral level�

Professional Registration: Agricultural Scientists may

register with the professional body for South African

Council for Natural Scientific Professions (SACNASP).

Employment:

• Universities and colleges

• Government and private research institutes

• Animal food producers and co-operatives

• Department of Agriculture

43

GENERAL MEDICAL PRACTITIONER (221101)

General Practitioners diagnose and treat diseases and

injuries and perform an important function in looking

after the well-being of the community. A thorough

knowledge of diseases and their symptoms is required

for diagnoses and treatment.

Few relationships require as much emotional and physical

intimacy as the relationship between doctor and patient�

The duties of General Medical Practitioners include the

examination and diagnosis of patients, the prescription of

medicines, performing of minor operations and provision

of different treatments for injuries, diseases and other

ailments�

It is important that all factors be taken into consideration by

general practitioners before a diagnosis is made� Treatment

can be medical, surgical and therapeutic� They may prescribe

medication or refer the patient to a specialist, for further

diagnosis and special treatment� General practitioners

may perform small operations or assist surgeons with big

operations�

Medical students can opt to specialise after or during

their internship year to become surgeons, radiologists,

paediatricians, radiologists, psychiatrist and the like�

Tasks may Include:

• Conducting interviews and examinations of patients

using, for example, blood pressure gauges, X-rays and

stethoscopes, in order to form an image of the disease

or injury�

• Requesting laboratory tests and X-rays to analyse and

determine the nature of disorders or illnesses�

• Providing medical care for patients, prescribing,

administering, counselling and monitoring curative

treatments and preventive measures�

• Performing localised surgery and other clinical

procedures�

• Providing referrals to patients and families for

specialised care in hospitals, rehabilitation centres or

other types of health care centres�







Further Training:

Degree: The Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

(MBChB) Degree is offered at various universities.

• Theoretical training: 6 years�

• Student internship: 1 year�

• Community Service: 1 year

Note: Students register with the Health Professions Council

of South Africa as medical students and, on completion of

their training, as medical doctors�

Degree: Bachelor of Medicine: Bachelor of Surgery Degree

can be studied at various Universities takes 6 years to

complete and can be studied at specific universities.

Specialisations:

There are several fields of specialisation, such as Orthopaedics,

Gynaecology, Paediatrics, etc� Usually medical doctors must

already be in possession of a MBChB Degree for 2 years and

be registered as Medical Doctors for 1 year, before they can

specialise� Further training in these specialised areas takes

about 4 years after which an examination is written in order

to qualify as a specialist�

Professional Registration: Students register with the Health

Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) as medical

students and, on completion of their training, as medical

doctors�

Employment:

• Public and Private Hospitals

• Universities

• Research laboratories

• Clinics and nursing homes

• Government departments and municipalities

• Large industries and organisations

• Large resort hotels, ships and other places where large

groups of people gather

• Private Medical Practice


Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA)

Tel: (012) 338-9300

www�hpcsa�co�za

44

GEOLOGIST (211401)

Geologists conduct theoretical and applied research to

extend knowledge of the surface and subsurface features of

the earth, its history, and the operation of physical, chemical

and biological systems that control its evolution.

Geologists conduct programmes of exploration and

research to extend knowledge of the structure, composition

and processes of the earth and to locate and identify

hydrocarbon, mineral and groundwater resources� They

also plan and implement programmes of hydrocarbon

and mineral extraction, and they assess and mitigate the

effects of development and waste disposal projects on the

environment�

Tasks may Include:

Planning, directing and participating in geological,

geochemical and geophysical field studies.

• Planning, directing and participating in the analysis of

geological, geochemical and geophysical survey data

• Analysing core samples, drill cuttings and rock samples

in order to identify chemical, mineral, hydrocarbon and

biological composition�

• Analysing well logs, other test results, maps, notes and

cross-sections�

• Developing applied software for the analysis and

interpretation of data to assess depositional

environments and geological age, size, orientation and

composition of mineral ore bodies and hydrocarbon

deposits�

• Identifying deposits of construction materials and

determining their characteristics and suitability for use

as concrete aggregates, road fill or other applications.

• Assessing the movement of ground and surface waters,

advising in areas such as waste management, route and

site selection�

• Recommending the acquisition of land, exploration,

mapping programmes, and mine development�

• Conducting geological and geophysical studies

for regional development, site selection and the

development of public works projects�

Geology is a very broad-based science, which draws from

virtually every other science including the natural, engineering

and economic sciences� There are various careers within

the field of geology, for example: Cartography, Economic

Geology, Environmental Geology, Engineering Geology,

Geochemistry, Geotechnology, Geohydrology, Geophysics,

Mineralogy, Mining Geology, Palaeontology and Petroleum

Geology�

Areas of Specialisation:

The broad areas of specialisation within this field include

earth material, earth processes and earth history� The

sub-specialities include Economic Geology, Mineralogy,

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Palaeontology, Marine Geology,

Mineral Economics, Engineering Geology and Environmental

Planning�

GIS Information Systems: Using specialised computer

software to create maps�

Economic geology: studies the deposit of economic minerals

and processes leading to their formation�

Environmental geology: studies aspects such as climatic

changes, erosion of coastlines and the influence of human

activities on the environment�

Geological Engineers: ensure that dams, roads, tunnels and

buildings are built at the most suitable sites and in the most

cost-effective manner.

Geohydrologists: study the water-storing capacity of various

geological formations and the flow of groundwater in these

formations�

Palaeo-Scientists: study fossils to make deductions

concerning the climate that prevailed during deposition and

the environment where the organisms occurred�



National Senior Certificate meeting the requirements for a

Degree or Diploma course�



Recommended Subjects: Life Sciences, Geography,

Economics, Information Technology�

45

Further Training:

Degree: BSc with geology as a major - available at most

universities� Geological science or geoscience; a second

major in chemistry, physics or mathematics is recommended�

Computer Science and statistics are also useful majors with

geology because of the rapidly growing application of these

fields.

The minimum qualification required for registration as a

Professional Natural Scientist (Geology) at the South African

Council for Natural Scientific Professions, is a BSc (Hons)

Degree or a four-year BTech Degree in geology from a

university of technology�

Postgraduate: Postgraduate study (for master’s and doctor’s

degrees) is possible at most South African universities�

Areas of specialisation for PhD studies include: Geoscience;

Earthscience; Environmental Science and Geology�

Those who study at Universities of technology register

as geotechnologists and work closely with Geologists in

various fields.

HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGER (121206)

Health and Safety Managers develop and coordinate

safety and health systems and strategies for an

organisation. They are responsible for monitoring and

maintaining the health and safety standards in accordance

with current legislation. Their job is to identify workplace

hazards, assess risks to employee health and safety, and

recommend solutions for these issues.

The day-to-day tasks of a Health and Safety Manager will vary

depending on the industry they work in and the size of the

organisation they work for� Health and Safety Managers work

both indoors and outdoors but usually have their own offices

where reports are prepared�

The tasks of a Health and Safety Manager on a mining project

will vary to those done on a construction site�

Tasks may Include:

• Advising employees on how to minimise or how they can

be protected from job-relates health and safety risks�

• Developing and implementing training sessions for

employees on all aspects around safety practices and

legislation�

• Ensuring procedures are followed for the safe handling of

heavy equipment and chemicals�

• Monitoring and improving the health and safety standards

in the workplace together with all employees�

• Ensuring that organisations are legally compliant with

national, provincial and local laws and safety legislation�

• Supervising, investigating, reporting and documenting

accidents or health risks as they may occur�

• Implementing and coordinating all emergency

procedures, inhouse emergency teams such as fire

marshals and first aiders including fire-drills or disaster

rescues as may occur on a mine or at a chemical plant�

• Coordinating the assessment of health risks in a

workplace, for example, sampling air to determine if

there are harmful substances present�


This is not an entry level position! This position requires at least

5 years of experience in the health and safety field together

with suitable qualifications.


National Senior Certificate (Matric), with a Bachelor’s Degree

pass�


Recommended Subjects: Life Sciences

Diploma: A National Diploma relating to Occupational Health

and Safety or Environment Management�

Courses: Courses relating to Occupational Health and

Safety Management Certification (OHSAS) and International

Organisation for Standardization (ISO)�

Employment:

• Municipalities

• Government Departments

• Manufacturers

• Research organisations

• SA Defence Force

• Mines



Department of Health

Tel: (012) 395-8000

http://www�health�gov�za

Department of Water and Sanitation (DWA)

Tel : 012 336 7500

http://www�dwa�gov�za/

46

GIS SPECIALIST

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Specialists use specialised

computer programmes and software to create maps� The world

of cartography (map-making) has undergone significant changes in

the last decade, mostly revolving around the emerging technology

of GIS, a type of software that can combine socio-economic,

demographic, political and environmental data� GIS specialists use

this software to create maps or graphs�

NANOSCIENTIST

Nanoscientists (also known as Nanosystems Engineers) study structures

of 100 nanometres (nm) or less� Since a nanometre only measures

one billionth of a metre, it is difficult to imagine anything smaller.

Nanotechnology is expected to become one of the most strategic and

dominant technologies in the next 10 to 20 years� Nanotechnology will

have an almost endless string of applications in biotechnology, biology

and biomedicine�

Nanotechnology has had several commercial applications in advanced

laser technology, hard coatings, photography, pharmaceuticals,

printing, chemical-mechanical polishing and cosmetics� Soon there

will be lighter cars using nanoparticle-reinforced polymers, more energy efficient batteries, insulin that can be taken

orally, artificial joints made from nanoparticulate materials and low-kilojoule foods with nanoparticulate taste enhancers.

Nanoscience is playing an increasingly important role in enhancing energy efficient transport systems in the automobile

and aircraft manufacturing industry�

CHEMISTSChemists are professional scientists who specialise in studying the structure and composition of matter� Doctor Michael

Booth Head of the South African Institute of Chemistry (SAIC) says that chemists, in particular, analytical chemists are

in demand because they are involved in the development, production and quality control of almost all manufactured

products we use� Analytical chemists examine the composition, structure and characteristics of a variety of materials by

examining and identifying the various elements or compounds that make up the substances, as well as the processes and

changes that they undergo�

Olivia Barron is a Chemistry PhD graduate now a Key Technologist with HySA Systems, working on the development of Hydrogen fuel cell technology used in powering this scooter. Fuel Cell Engineers design and build fuel cells that produce electricity through a chemical reaction involving hydrogen. Hydrogen fuel cells are similar to electric battery cells except they are powered by hydrogen and do not create carbon emissions resulting in clean energy. Hydrogen fuel cells are being used in HySA Systems and Implats to develop South Africa’s first hydrogen fuel cell forklift and refuelling station.

A Geographic Information Systems Specialist uses computer software to create maps with geographical data.

< http://www.ehow.com/about_7221610_job-description-gis-specialist.html>

SCIENTISTS OF

THE FUTURE

47

HOSPITAL PHARMACIST (226201)

Hospital Pharmacists are responsible for the procurement

and dispensing of medicinal products and supplies

used in the hospital. Hospital Pharmacists also make

routine dispensation of medicine, surgical materials and

instruments and are responsible for ensuring the safe and

secure storage of all medicines and hospital supplies.

Hospital Pharmacists work in provincial, state and private

hospitals or health centres, they work with Doctors,

Specialist Doctors, Surgeons, Nurses and other medical

personnel to provide treatments and advice to patients,

relating to medication� They check the prescribed dosages

are administered and see to it that the safety margins are

not exceeded and that different medicines prescribed to the

same person do not interfere with each other’s functions�

Tasks may Include:

• Ordering and purchasing of pharmaceutical supplies,

medical supplies, or drugs, maintaining stock and

storing and administering of medicines�

• Planning and monitoring clinical trials and staying

updated on pharmacy regulations, treatments and

developments in research and design�

• Preparing medicines and conducting quality checks in

instances when individual drug components need to be

mixed together before treating patients�

• Preparing and dispensing pharmaceuticals, drugs and

medicines in a hospital pharmacy based on prescriptions

from medical doctors�

• Measuring, preparing, mixing ingredients as well as

labelling containers of medicines including liquids,

ointments, powders and tablets to fill prescriptions.

• Maintaining records of patient profiles, prescription

files, inventories, registries of poisons, narcotics

or controlled drugs in accordance with legal and

professional requirements�

• Advise customers on the selection of medication brands,

medical equipment, or healthcare supplies�




pass�

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics, Physical Science


Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor of Pharmacy

A year (12 months) of community service while registered at

the South African Pharmacy Council (SAPC) as a Community

Service Pharmacist�

After Pharmacists have completed both their Degree and

practical training, they need to register with the South

African Pharmacy Council�

Employment:


• Retail Pharmacists

• Universities


• Pharmaceutical companies

Further Information


Tel: (012) 338-9300


Further Information

South African Pharmacy Council

www�pharmcouncil�co�za

Tel: 086 172 7200

Pharmaceutical Society of South Africa

Tel: (012) 470-9550

www�pssa�org�za

48

INDUSTRIAL PHARMACIST (226202)

Industrial Pharmacists work in laboratories or

pharmaceutical manufacturers and suppliers involved

in the production of medicine. Industrial Pharmacists

are responsible for determining if medications coming

off the production line have the correct ingredients as

well as the correct amount of these ingredients

Industrial Pharmacists can work at any stage in the

production process, including research, development,

clinical trials, production, quality testing, registration of

drugs as well as the marketing� Industrial Pharmacists are

involved in the development and testing of ground-breaking

medications which have to be tested to ensure that they are

safe and effective.

Industrial Pharmacists are also involved in administrative

tasks, such as the preparation of information about new

products for submission to the South African Health

Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA)�

Tasks may Include:

• Researching, testing and analysing related to the

development, production, storage, quality control and

distribution of drugs and related supplies�

• Planning and monitoring clinical trials and staying

updated on pharmacy regulations, treatments and

developments in research and design�

• Conducting quality checks making sure the final product

is of the quality needed if it is to be sold to and used by

the public�

• Storing and preserving vaccines, serums and other

drugs subject to deterioration�



National Senior Certificate (Matric), with a Bachelor’s

Degree pass�




Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor of Pharmacy Degree

A year (12 months) of community service while registered

at the South African Pharmacy Council (SAPC) as a

Community Service Pharmacist�

After Pharmacists have completed both their Degree and



Employment:


• Retail Pharmacists

• Universities




Further Information

South African Pharmacy Council


Tel: 086 172 7200

Pharmaceutical Society of South Africa

Tel: (012) 470-9550

www�pssa�org�za

49

Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor of Medical Sciences or equivalent that will

allow further studies in medical research�

Postgraduate: A relevant Masters Degree will be required�

More information regarding recognised or accredited

qualifications and laboratories for internships may be

obtained from the Health Professions Council of South

Africa (HPCSA) website�

Employment:

• Blood transfusion agencies

• Clinical departments of academic training hospitals

• Private laboratories

• Medical specialists


The Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA)

Tel: (012) 338 9300

Email: info@hpcsa�co�za


Alternative titles and Specialisations:

• Biomedical Technologist

• Clinical Biochemist

• Clinical Research Associate

• Cytologist

• Haematologist (Medical Research)

• Histologist

• Immunologist (Medical Research)

• Medical Laboratory Scientist

• Medical Researcher

• Medical Scientific Officer

• Medical Technologist

• Microbiologist (Medical Research)

• Pharmacologist (Clinical Research)

• Public Health Scientist

• Transfusion Scientist

MEDICAL SCIENTIST (213110)

Medical Scientists, sometimes known as biomedical

scientists, are trained in biology, particularly in the context

of medicine to gain knowledge on the main principles

of how the human body works and to find new ways to

diagnose, treat and prevent diseases.

Medical Scientists are often involved in the research of

blood-related diseases. They are responsible for conducting

medical laboratory tests to diagnose and treat disease.

Tasks may Include:

• Planning and directing studies to investigate human or

animal disease, preventive methods and treatments for

disease�

• Conducting research to develop methodologies,

instrumentation, and procedures for medical

application, analysing data and presenting findings to

the scientific audience and general public.

• Studying animal and human health and physiological

processes�

• Following strict safety procedures when handling toxic

materials to avoid contamination�

• Writing and publishing articles in scientific journals.

• Evaluating effects of drugs, gases, pesticides, parasites

and microorganisms at various levels�

• Using equipment such as atomic absorption

spectrometers, electron microscopes, flow cytometers

and chromatography systems�

• Preparing and analysing organ, tissue, and cell samples

to identify toxicity, bacteria or microorganisms or to

study cell structure�

• Standardizing drug dosages, methods of immunization

and procedures for manufacture of drugs and medicinal

compounds�

• Investigating cause, progress, life cycle, or mode of

transmission of diseases or parasites�




pass� Each institution has its own entry requirements�

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics, Physical Sciences, Life

Sciences�

Recommended Subjects: Information Technology�

50

NEW TECHNOLOGY IN HEALTH & SAFETY

The world’s first middle ear transplant using 3D-printed bones.

A pioneering surgical procedure using 3D-printed bones of the

middle ear, was performed by Professor Mashudu Tshifularo

and his team at the University of Pretoria (UP) Faculty of

Health Sciences� 3D-printing technology was used to print the

hammer, anvil, and stirrup as well as the ossicles that make up

the middle ear� This procedure is groundbreaking and may

be an answer to people who have conductive hearing loss,

a middle ear problem caused by congenital birth defects,

infection, trauma or metabolic diseases� Prof Tshifularo, who

is head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at UP says,

“3D technology is allowing us to do things we never thought

we could,”

IMPROVING SAFETY USING WEARABLES

Worker safety can be enhanced by the use of IoT in smart tags on wearables, which

could alert workers on exposure to dangerous substances (like toxic gases) or help locate

workers in cases of emergency� Moreover, alerts could be triggered if employees work out

of their designated or authorised working area (“connected worker”)�

AUTOMATION & MACHINE LEARNING

Medicines are there to save lives� However, these can be

hazardous if wrongly administered� Drug manufacturers must

ensure that the correct amount of medication, with the exact

chemical composition and weight are precisely packed into the

appropriate containers� Automation and machine learning is

being used more and more to ensure that products are packed in

the correct bottles and boxes with the correct labelling�

(https://newatlas.com/glove-warns-of-toxic-substances/27449/ )

MEDICINE OF

THE FUTURE

51



pass�



Additional:

All applications for admission to MBChB and Medical

Degrees are subject to selection� Due to the limited number

of spaces available, only a small percentage of applicants are

admitted�

Further Training:

Degree: The Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery

(MBChB) Degree�

Theoretical training: 6 years�

Student internship: 1 year

Community Service: 1 year

Students register with the Health Professions Council of

South Africa (HPSCA) as medical students and, on completion

of their training, as a medical doctor�

Employment:


• Universities


• Clinics and nursing homes



Tel: (012) 338-9300


MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT (134201)

Medical Superintendents sometimes known as a

medical director, oversees the everyday operations of

a hospital to ensure the facility operates efficiently

and that superior standards of medical care is provided

to patients.

The Medical Superintendent works with management

and staff to improve the quality of clinical services

offered at the hospital by ensuring the facilities are

well-staffed and financed. The Hospital Superintendent

will authorise the purchase of medical supplies, approve

hiring and staffing at the hospital as well as ensure that

the building and equipment is maintained and meets

the necessary safety requirements.

Tasks may Include:

• Directing, supervising and evaluating the work

activities of medical, nursing, technical, clerical, service,

maintenance, and other personnel�

• Maintaining communication between governing

boards, medical staff, and department heads, health

boards and funding bodies by attending board meetings

and coordinating interdepartmental functioning�

• Conducting and administering the financial operations,

including accounting, budgeting, authorizing

expenditures, establishing rates for services, and

coordinating financial reporting.

• Controlling administrative operations such as budget

planning, report preparation and expenditure on

supplies, equipment and services�

• Ensuring the effective use of hospital resources such

as hospital space, equipment availability, diagnostic

services and staffing.

• Establishing work schedules and assignments for staff,

overseeing and managing staff development according

to workload�


This is not an entry level career� A Medical Superintendent

is a Medical Doctor with many years of practice as well as

managerial experience�

Extensive workplace experience in the medical field will be

required with excellent administrative and management

skills and a background in healthcare administration�

52

QUALITY SYSTEMS MANAGER (121908)

Quality Systems Managers plan, organise, direct, control

and coordinate the deployment of quality systems and

certification processes within an organisation.

Quality Systems Managers are employed by various

manufacturers and are responsible for checking items,

such as motor vehicles, at various stages of production

to ensure that quality standards are being maintained.

Tasks may Include:

• Analysing complex resource management issues and

initiatives that affect the organisation, and preparing

associated reports, correspondence and submissions�

• Developing and implementing administrative and

procedural statements and guidelines for use by staff

in the organisation�

• Developing and managing the organisation’s

administrative and physical resources�

• Establishing and managing budgets, controlling

expenditure and ensuring the efficient use of resources

• Leading, managing and developing administrative staff

to ensure smooth business operations and the provision

of accurate and timely information�

• Overseeing the selection, training and performance of

staff.

• Providing administrative, strategic planning and

operational support, research and advice to senior

management on matters such as the management of

building facilities and administrative services�




pass�


Recommended Subjects: Information Technology

Further Training:

Diploma: Nat Dip in a related field

Degree: Bachelor of Technology: Quality

Employment:

• Motor industry

• Pharmaceutical manufacturers

• All factories with production lines, where quality is

essential

• Food producers


can start own manufacturing concern

Alternative Titles and Specialisations:

• Agriculture & Forestry Quality Controller

• ETQA Manager

• Management System Auditor

• Quality Assurance / Systems Auditor

• Quality Auditor

• Quality Certification Manager

• Quality Control Manager

• Quality Manager

• Quality Systems Coordinator

RETAIL PHARMACIST (226203)

Retail Pharmacists form the link between pharmaceutical

manufacturers and Medical Doctors, between doctors and

patients, and between patients and their communities.

Their role in the health team is to manufacture, prepare

and supply suitable and safe medicinal products for the

prevention or cure of illness in people.

Tasks may Include:

• Advising clients on and supplying non-prescription

medicines and diagnostic and therapeutic aids for

common conditions�

• Collaborating with other health care professionals

to plan, monitor, review and evaluate the quality and

effectiveness of the medicine therapy of individual

patients, and the effectiveness of particular drugs or

therapies�

• Conducting research to develop and improve

pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and related chemical

products�

• Conferring with chemists, engineering professionals and

other professionals about manufacturing techniques

and ingredients�

• Developing information and risks of particular drugs�

53

• Evaluating labels, packaging and advertising of drug

products�

• Maintaining prescription files and recording issue

of narcotics, poisons and habit-forming drugs in

accordance with legal and professional requirements

data�

• Preparing or supervising the preparation and labelling

of liquid medicines, ointments, powders, tablets and

other medications to fill prescriptions.

• Providing information and advice to prescribers and

clients regarding drug interactions, incompatibility

and contra-indications, side effects, dosage and proper

medication storage�

• Receiving prescriptions for medicinal products from

medical doctors and other health professionals,

checking patients’ medicine histories, and ensuring

proper dosage and methods of administration and drug

compatibility before dispensing�

• Storing and preserving vaccines, serums and other

drugs subject to deterioration�

• Supervising and coordinating the work of pharmacy

technicians, pharmacy interns and pharmacy sales

assistants�

• Testing and analysing drugs to determine their identity,

purity and strength in relation to specified standards.



National Senior Certificate (Matric) with a Bachelor’s Dregree

pass


Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics, Physical Sciences,

Recommended Subjects: Life Sciences�

Further Training:

Degree: BPharm

A year of internship needs to be completed in an approved

institution, such as a retail pharmacy, hospital pharmacy,

teaching institution or laboratory in the pharmaceutical

industry�

After Pharmacists have completed both their degree and



Employment:

• Retail (private) pharmacies

• Hospitals and clinics


• Provincial administrations

• Department of Health

• Transnet

• Research institutes

• Pharmaceutical manufacturers

• Universities


can start own business


CHIETA SETA (Chemical Industries Education and Training

Authority)

Tel: (011) 628-7000

Call Centre: 0860 244 382

www�chieta�org�za

South African Pharmacy Council (SAPC)

SAPC Building

Tel: 0861 7272 00

Email: customercare@sapc�za�org



• Community Pharmacist

• Dispensing Chemist

• Pharmacist Assistant

54

SAFETY,HEALTH, ENVIRONMENT &

QUALITY (SHE&Q) PRACTITIONER

(226302)

Every organisation is required by law to operate within

the framework of law regulating the health and safety

as well as the environmental laws of a country. A Safety,

Health, Environmental and Quality Practitioner is there to

ensure that the safety, health and environmental quality

policy measures are implemented within an organisation.

This practitioner’s role ensures that the policy is carried out

and the regulations are met� The work and day-to-day tasks

of Safety, Health, Environmental and Quality Practitioner

will vary depending on the industry tand the size of the

organisation they work for�

Tasks may Include:

• Ensuring that organisations are legally compliant with

national, provincial and local laws and safety legislation

relating to: sanitation; occupational and environmental

health and safety; emission of pollutants; disposal of

dangerous wastes; escalator and passenger conveyor

equipment and lifts�

• Ensuring that adequate resources are available,

including safety, medical and other equipment and

supplies�

• Training and educating employees on the

implementation of organisations rules and regulations

concerning occupational health, safety and the

environment in a particular sector or industry�

• Ensuring the sustainable use of resources by preventing

pollution, prioritising water efficiency, and improving

the energy mix�

• Removing unsafe items from, or blocking off unsafe

areas in the workplaces that have been inspected�

• Coordinating, monitoring, organising and planning

inspection activities with government departments and

compiling monthly statistics and reports on inspections�




pass�



Further Training:

Diploma: A National Diploma relating to Occupational

Health and Safety or Environment Management�

Courses: Courses relating to Occupational Health and

Safety Management Certification (OHSAS) and International

Organisation for Standardization (ISO)�

Employment:

• Municipalities

• Government Departments

• Manufacturers


• SA Defence Force

• Mines



Department of Health

Tel: (012) 395-8000

http://www�health�gov�za

Department of Water and Sanitation (DWA)

Tel : 012 336 7500

http://www�dwa�gov�za/

VETERINARIAN (225101)

Veterinary Surgeons diagnose and treat sickness and

injury in animals. They perform surgery on animals and

the innoculations against infectious diseases. The type of

work performed depends on the area in which they have

specialised�

Veterinary Surgeons who are in private practice, mainly

treat sick domestic animals� Some Veterinary Surgeons test

dairy herds for tuberculosis and brucellosis, and inoculate

animals against diseases� They perform autopsies to

determine causes of death, inspect animals intended for

human consumption, both before and after slaughtering�

They also give advice on the care and breeding of animals�

Large animal practitioners are primarily concerned with

the diagnosis and prevention of diseases in large and small

stock, with the main aim of improving the production and

quality of meat, milk, wool and other animal products�

Veterinary Surgeons in rural areas work with both farm

55

by the registering authorities in the United Kingdom,

Australasia and Malaysia�

Students of veterinary science are required to register with

the SA Veterinary Council before the 1st of June of the year

in which they first enrol.

Postgraduate: Research and postgraduate studies, MSc

(Animal / Human / Ecosystem Health), or MSc (Veterinary

Science) – research, followed by a PhD, can be undertaken at

UP in the Veterinary Faculty�

Employment:

• Veterinary research institutes

• Large stock farms

• Zoos

• Agriculture

• Colleges and universities


• Self-employment, in partnership

or private practice

• Csir and SA Medical Research Council


Faculty of Veterinary Science

University of Pretoria

Tel: (012) 529-8132

www�up�ac�za

SA Veterinary Council

P O Box 60114

Pierre van Ryneveld, 0045

Tel: (012) 345-6360

www�savc�co�za

Some Related Careers:

Farmer, Fish Farmer, Game Rancher, Game Ranger, Herpe-

tologist, Ichthyologist, Medical Doctor, Medical Technol-

ogist, Pathologist, Pharmacologist, Surgeon, Veterinary

Nurse, Veterinary Technologist, Zoologist�

animals and pets� Other areas of specialisation include

poultry, dairy cattle, pigs, wildlife and exotic birds�

Veterinarians in general practice may treat various animal

species or may specialise in pets in general or in a single

species� Those employed by pharmaceutical companies are

usually involved in the research and development of many

products used in animal health care and with the registration

of these products�

With the increase in the number of game farms, the

veterinary profession plays an important role in the capture

and rehabilitation of wild animals�

Veterinarians may be involved in research, consultation,

teaching, technical writing, the prevention and control

of animal diseases, agricultural education, community

development, the sale or production of commercial products,

or the rendering of technical services for commercial firms.

In South Africa, research into diseases affecting

livestock is carried out by Veterinary Surgeons at various

institutes, including the Veterinary Research Institute at

Onderstepoort� Veterinary Surgeons are employed by

Universities to lecture, but are also expected to conduct

research in their chosen fields.

State veterinarians are employed to prevent and control

animal diseases that threaten the livestock herds of the

country, for example, foot and mouth disease� They are

also involved in agricultural education and community

development�




pass�




Further Training:

Degree: BVSc - at Onderstepoort, near Pretoria� This is a six-

year Degree course�

This Degree of the University of Pretoria is recognised by

the South African Veterinary Council and is also recognised

56

WATER QUALITY ANALYST (213306)

Water Quality Analysts are responsible for the purification

of water by removing harmful household and industrial

substances from the water.

Water Quality Analysts check the quality of water through

scientific analysis, ensuring quality and safety standards are

met based on the water quality index, for its use as: drinking

water, agricultural water, waste water and/or industrial

effluent. They take samples of the water and conduct

analysis of this in a laboratory, and develop purification and

treatment procedures�

Water treatment or water purification is the process of

removing harmful household and industrial substances

from the water� Waste water is transported by drainpipes

from houses and industries to water purification works.

At purification works, water Quality Analysts manipulate

pumps, valves and other equipment to extract impurities

from the water� They interpret readings on the meters to

ensure a smooth-running process and control the addition

of chemicals to purify the water� They then take samples of

the water to be analysed in the laboratory�

Water Quality Analysts supervise the workers responsible

for maintaining the plant with respect to the repairing

pumps and valves and cleaning the tanks and canals� The

work generally takes place indoors at the water purification

plant where they are exposed to the noise of machines and

unpleasant odours�

Tasks may Include:

• Conducting research and performing tests by collecting

samples of water for laboratory analysis to identify

sources of environmental problems�

• Assessing the likely impact that potential or proposed

activities, projects and developments may have on the

environment, and recommending ways to prevent,

control and remediate�

• Developing and coordinating the implementation

of environmental management systems to enable

organisations to identify, monitor and control the

impact of their activities, products and services on the

environment�

• Assessing compliance with government and internal

environmental regulations and guidelines, identifying

violations and determining appropriate remedial action�

• Providing technical advice and support services to

organisations on how best to deal with environmental

problems in order to reduce environmental damage

and minimize financial loss.




pass�






Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor of Science Degree or a Bachelor of

Science in Water Resource Management is offered at most

Universities in South Africa�

57

Diploma: National Diploma in Environmental Management

or in Water Care�

Postgraduate: Postgraduate Degree programmes in various

specialisations are offered at honours, master’s and doctoral

level�

In-service training: Water Quality Analysts will receive

training under the supervision of an experienced analyst�

They start with doing routine tasks, such as the cleaning of

the purification works.

Urban waste water treatment plant.

Employment:

• Government departments and Municipalities

• Water purification plants


Institute for Water Quality Studies

Department of Water Affairs and Sanitation

http://www�dwaf�gov�za

58

Careers in the chemicals industry are not only restricted

to the lab� You don’t have to be a scientist to work in the

chemical industry! In fact, many of the most sought-after

positions are in management, purchasing, human resources,

health and safety, sales, finance, logistics, IT and quality

control, and they are business roles performed by business

people�

Some of the fastest growing business organisations in the

world are in the chemical industry� The chemicals industry

is attracting some of the best and brightest graduates from

various backgrounds not just from scientific backgrounds.

In this section we focus on the most sought after careers




• Team work - In organisations today, your success or

failure often depends on the people around you, and

how well you interact with each other� Virtually all

projects are done in teams involving people from widely

diverse cultural backgrounds�

• Communication - Effective communication with co-

workers and clients (both scientists and non-scientists)

is essential�

• Problem solving - What problem does your project solve

or what new capability are you adding, what does your

solution cost, and how quickly can you bring this to

market?

In this section we focus on the most sought after careers



CAREERS IN

BUSINESS

59

BUSINESS STUDY PATHS


With Mathematics (Physical Science only for BSc)

UNIVERSITY

Bcom Or Bsc Or

Bsc Engineering

Majors in:Applied Mathematics

AccountingAuditing

Business Finance Marketing Logistics

Human Resources ManagementComputer Science

Information SystemsSoftware Development

Systems Analysisor any other related subject

offered by the university.


National Diploma

Diploma in:Accounting Marketing

Human ResourcesPurchasing

Computer (Electronic) EngineeringComputer Systems Engineering

Computer ScienceInformation Technology

or any other related qualification offered by the university of technology�


Experience

PostgradA postgraduate degree or diploma is

needed in order to specialise� Each insti-tution will have specific areas that they will promote� These specialisation areas

may include:

Chartered Accounting Actuarial Science

Auditing Strategic Marketing

Industrial PsychologyArtificial Intelligence

Cyber-SecuritySpatial Databases

Cyber-Physical SystemsDistributed and Cloud Computing

Roboticsand many more�

Workplace experience is a

requirement for the completion of a

Diploma

University of Technology students who intend doing

postgraduate studies at university will need to complete a Advanced Diploma which can be

followed by a Masters and Doctorate degree�

Each education institution has its own

unique entry requirements for each of its programmes�

Check the entry requirements for the programme with the

institution before you apply�

60

BUSINESS TRAINING MANAGER(121202)

Business Training Managers assist line management in

identifying and solving performance problems of workers

in industrial, commercial or government organisations

through training and development interventions.

They meet with management and study each job in its

setting and context to determine the needs of those that

require training for employees� They then develop various

training interventions ranging from courses to individual

development opportunities� This includes the structuring

of course content and learning opportunities to develop

competencies in learners�

Business Training Managers will study each job in its setting

and context to determine the employers requirements�

They will then develop various training interventions and

structure the course content and learning opportunities to

develop competencies in learners�

They evaluate their training efforts by measuring the

progress of learners and improvement in organisation

performance�

Tasks may Include:

Planning, organising, and direct a wide range of training

activities�

• Conducting orientation programmes and arranging on-

the-job training for new employees�

• Helping employees to improve their job-related skills,

and to prepare for jobs requiring greater skill�

• Identifying training needs and requirements of

individuals and organisations in relation to a specific

trade, skill or subject area�

• Conducting specialised training sessions that can be

delivered in the form of individual and group instruction,

facilitating workshops, meetings, demonstrations and

conferences�

• Preparing and developing instructional training material

and aids such as handbooks, visual aids, online tutorials,

demonstration models, and supporting training

reference documentation�

• Setting learning objectives for training participants,

evaluating and assessing learners in relation to these

learning outcomes�

• Monitoring and performing ongoing evaluation and

assessment of training quality and effectiveness,

reviewing and modifying training objectives, methods

and course deliverables�




pass or a Diploma pass�



Recommended subjects: Subjects complementary to your

field of interest

Further Training:

Degree: BA or BAdmin or BCom - most universities

Diploma: N�Dip: Personnel Management - most Universities

of technology

Government departments demand an appropriate

recognised three-year BA Degree, four years’ approved

experience, completion of an aptitude test and successful

completion of a training course�

Employment:

• All large organisations

• Mines

• Municipalities and government departments

• Non-governmental organisations

• Self-employment, as an independent consultant

61

CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER (133101)

A Chief Information Officer (CIO), is a member of a

company’s senior executive team responsible for the

managing and advancing the company’s IT infrastructure

in order to improve the organisations performance. CIOs

must have the vision to foresee change and respond to

changing requirements for IT resources.

The CIO role has become an increasingly important position

within all industries because of the dynamic nature of IT

and the critical role which IT has to play in a companies

performance�

A CIO works with other members of the executive team to

identify how Information Technology can help the company

achieve its business and financial goals. Technology

can streamline business processes, increase employee

productivity and improve the quality of customer service� The

role of CIO is a technical one but also requires strong vision

and leadership� The CIO together with the other executives,

plot the way forward to prepare the organisation for change

in migrating and adapting to more modern IT environments

and platforms�

Tasks may Include:

• Analysing the costs, value and risks of Information

Technology in the organisation and advise management�

• Setting objectives and strategies for the IT department�

• Plan the implementation of new systems and provide

guidance to IT professionals and staff about the benefits

of using technology to make them more competitive�

• Approving purchases of technological equipment and

software and establish partnerships with IT providers�

• Improving systems to reduce threats and improve

information security�

• Developing AI solutions such as algorithms to drive

business growth�



National Senior Certificate with a Bachelor’s degree pass

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics (if you intend studying IT

degree at university)

Recommended subjects: Information Technology�

Further Training:

Degree: BSc Computer Science or Information Systems

or Information Technology as major, or a Bachelor of

Commerce degree with Information Systems� It is essential

to continuously upgrade knowledge because systems and

security threats are constantly changing�



Tel: (011) 315-1319


ISETT (Information Systems Electronics &

Telecommunication Technologies)

Tel: (011) 207-2600

www�computer�org

CORPORATE GENERAL MANAGER (121901)

A Corporate General Manager (GM) is responsible for the

overall management of all departments within a corporation

involving every aspect of the businesses running. A Corporate

General Manager is a role normally found within large

organisations or a multinational corporation country branch

or plant. As the name suggests, the General Manager must be

familiar with all areas of the business and hold broad oversight

and responsibility for a business’s operations and processes

across the organisation.

The Department Managers within an organisation all report

to the GM; it is one of the most senior, responsible positions

in the company� As such the GM will need to have a good

understanding of all the departments in the company:

finance and accounting, operations, sales, marketing, human

resources, research and development, and engineering� A

GM needs to possess leadership and motivational skills so

that staff are working towards the organisation’s goals and

targets in the most profitable way.

Tasks may Include:

• Managing the day to day operations of the organisation,

including - strategy, structure, budgets, people, financial

outcomes, and scorecard metrics�

• Implementing of the company strategy designed to

designed to grow the business�

• Ensuring the overall delivery and quality of the products

to clients�

62

• Ensuring physical resources such as equipment and

infrastructure is available and maintained�

• Engaging with and reporting to executive managers in

broader organisational strategic planning�

• Developing and implementing administrative and

procedural guidelines for use by staff in the organisation.

• Providing information for the preparation of budgets and

financial statements.

• Representing the organisation in negotiations, at

conventions, seminars, public hearings and forums�

How to Enter:


National Senior Certificate with degree/diploma pass.


Recommended subjects: Physical Science

Further Training:

Degree: A Degree in Engineering or a Bachelor’s in Science

(BSc) or Commerce followed by an MBA or post-graduate

Degree in business would be suitable� This is not an entry level

position and requires both a qualification and experience.

EXTERNAL AUDITOR (241104)

An External Auditor is a public accountant who conducts

audits, reviews, and other work for clients. An External

Auditor examines and audits the financial statements

of an organisation to ensure that the records reflect

the true financial state of the organisation and that

the procedures employed are correct. They provide an

accurate, unbiased analysis of the company’s financial

condition in an audit report. They evaluate all accounting,

payroll and purchasing records, as well as any documents

related to investments, stocks or loans.

An External Auditor is independent, and is able to make an

impartial evaluation of the financial statements, systems and

internal controls of the client� The resulting audit opinions

have credibility for investors, creditors and the public because

the financial statements have been independently appraised.

In practice, a large part of the auditor’s task is still the auditing

aspect, but today it is more scientific and modern aids, such as

computers, that are used� External Auditors in the chemicals

industry are usually specialists in the Industry�

With the aid of special software packages, auditors summarise

transactions in standard formats for financial records and

organise data in special formats for financial analysis. These

greatly reduce the amount of tedious manual work associated

with data and record-keeping�

Tasks may Include:

• Performing independent, third-party reviews of all the

financial records of a company or corporation.

• Evaluating all accounting, payroll and purchasing

records, as well as any documents related to

investments, stocks or loans�

• Providing an accurate, unbiased analysis of the

company’s financial condition in an audit report.

An External Auditor investigates the financial records of a

company and then gives a report� External Auditors need

to have a sound knowledge of mercantile law and company

law�

Trends:

New IT developments and in particular the advent of

blockchain technology is rapidly changing the nature of

the work for most auditors� Personal and laptop computers

enable auditors to be more mobile and to use their clients’

computer systems to extract information from the cloud�

As a result of these trends, a growing number of auditors

have extensive computer skills and specialise in correcting

problems with software or in developing software to meet

unique data needs� To cope with audits on sophisticated

computers, data bases, networks and electronic fund

transfer, Auditors require a dedicated and continuous effort

to keep abreast of new developments�

How to Enter:



Bachelor’s Degree pass


Recommended subjects: Economics, Accounting�



Further Training:

Degree: Only a Degree course will lead to qualification as an

auditor� The training is divided into academic and practical

63

The Financial Manager sets the cost-standards for the

company and regularly checks the actual performance of

the company against these standards� As computers are

increasingly used to record and organise data, many Financial

Managers are spending more time developing strategies

and implementing the long-term goals of their organisation�

Tasks may Include:

The duties of Financial Managers vary with the level of their

seniority:

• Overseeing all financial and accounting functions and

formulating and administering the organisation’s

overall financial plans and policies.

• Assessing the financial position of the organisation,

preparing and managing budgets, controlling

expenditure and ensuring the efficient use of resources.

• Consulting with the CEO and department managers�



National Senior Certificate (Matric) with degree/diploma

pass�


Recommended subjects: Economics Accountancy

Further Training:

Degree: A Bachelor of Commerce degree with an Honours

in Accountancy would be suitable� This is not an entry level


The Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators

(ICSA)

Tel: (011) 551-4000

http://www�icsaglobal�org/portfolio/southern-africa/

South African Institute of Chartered Accountants

Tel: 0861 072 422

www�saica�co�za

GENERAL ACCOUNTANT (241101)

A General Accountant’s role is to ensure that firms

are run more efficiently, particularly from a financial

point of view; that a country’s public records are kept

accurately; and that taxes are paid properly and on time.

A General Accountant compiles, analyses, audits, budgets,

works out taxes and reports their findings to management.

phases. Academic training comprises four to five years’ full-

time study. During this time the following qualifications can

be obtained: BCom (Acc) 3 years; BCom (Hons)(Acc) and

CTA (Certificate Theory of Accounting) 1 - 2 years. During

the following year, the qualifying examination of the Public

Accountants and Auditors board can be written� Practical

training takes three years after obtaining a degree�

Designation: Registered Auditor (RA) awarded by the IRBA�

Only Registered Auditors are allowed to perform the audit

function�


Independent Regulatory Board of Auditors

Tel: 087 940 8800

www�irba�co�za

The Institute of Internal Auditors South Africa

Tel: (011) 450-1040

www�iiasa�org�za

FINANCE MANAGER (121101)

Almost every firm, government department, and organisation

have one or more Financial Manager(s) who oversee the

preparation of financial reports, direct investment activities,

and implement cash management strategies�

Financial Managers are usually appointed as heads of the

financial divisions of companies. The financial division

is responsible for recording, analysing and interpreting

financial data. Financial reports are then made available to

the relevant people, for example the managing director, the

bank manager and the shareholders of the company� The

financial division also compiles the annual and other budgets,

and is responsible for the completion and submission of

company tax returns�

64

This includes the completion of entries into accounts, such

as general ledger accounts used for documenting business

transactions� They detail assets, liabilities, and capital in

order to prepare a balance sheet, profit and loss statements,

and other reports for the individual company employing

them� A General Accountant as a profession should not be

confused with Chartered Accountant (CA)� Whilst much

of the work is the same during the initial study period but

Chartered Accountants need to study further and register

with the professional body for Chartered Accountants� A

General Accountant serves a pivotal role in business and for

this reason they may rise fairly quickly to senior management

positions�

General Accountants use special software packages, to

summarise transactions in standard formats for financial

records and organise data in special formats for financial

analysis� Advancements in accounting software has greatly

reduced the amount of tedious manual work associated with

data and record-keeping� Personal and laptop computers

enable accountants to be more mobile and to use their

clients’ computer systems to extract information from the

cloud� As a result of these trends, a growing number of

accountants have extensive computer skills and specialise

in correcting problems with software or in developing

software to meet unique data needs�

Tasks may Include:

• Preparing assets, liabilities, and capital account entries

by compiling and analysing account information�

• Advising on, planning and installing budgetary, accounts

controlling and other accounting policies and systems�

• Preparing and certifying financial statements for

presentation to management, shareholders and

statutory or other bodies�

• Preparing tax returns, advising on taxation problems

and contesting disputed claims before tax officials.

• Preparing or reporting on profit forecasts and budgets.

• Supervising all regular accounting processes journal

entries and preparing a common ledger for subsidiary

accounts�




degree pass or Diploma pass

Each institution will have its own minimum entry

requirements�

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics (only required for BCom

at University)�

Recommended Subjects: Mathematics, Accounting,

Economics, Business Studies

Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor or Commerce (BCom) in Accounting

Diploma: Diploma in Accounting

Employment:

• Registered firms of practising chartered accountants

• Commerce and all kinds of industries

• Universities and colleges as lecturers

• Accountants can also start their own private practice

firms. Because accountants also have a lot of business

knowledge, many of them start their own businesses�


Independent Regulatory Board of Auditors

Tel: 087 940 8800

www�irba�co�za

South African Institute of Chartered Accountants

Tel: 0861 072 422

www�saica�co�za

Chartered Institute of Management Accountants

Tel: (011) 788-8723

https://www�cimaglobal�com

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER / PERSONNEL

MANAGER (121201)

Human Resources Managers and personnel Managers are

responsible for policies and practices in an organisation

dealing with the recruitment and selection of employees,

improving performance and productivity, pay and fringe

benefits, and for creating a good relationship between

managers and employees.

The tasks of Human Resources Managers differ according

to the size and type of organisation� Human Resources

Managers who work in the banking industry for instance, will

work with different kinds of employees to those in a mining

industry�

65

They are also responsible for tasks such as the development

and updating of human resources development

programmes or training programmes, payment practices

and staff administration. They ensure that labour laws,

wage agreements and conditions of service are followed�

They may play a vital role in negotiating with trade

unions and employees’ associations as a representative

of the management of the organisation, especially if the

organisation does not have an industrial relations officer or

manager dedicated to this task�

Larger organisations usually have a team of human resources

officers who are each experts in one or more aspects of the

work. These include staffing, human resources development

or training, staff utilisation, organisation planning and

development, labour relations, remuneration, research,

staff welfare and administration. In larger organisations,

a personnel Manager may report to a human resources

director�

Emerging specialists within this field include international

Human Resources Managers, who handle human resources

issues related to a company’s foreign operations, and human

resources information system specialists, who develop

and apply computer programmes to process personnel

information, match job seekers with job openings and

handle other personnel matters�

Human Resources Managers have ongoing contact with

professional associations� They may attend meetings and

influence organisation policies relating to staff development

and planning�

Tasks may Include:

• Advising managers on organisational policies, such

as equal employment opportunity and unfair labour

practice�

• Coordinating and supervising the work of payroll,

preparing pay budgets and conducting pay reviews�

• Scheduling and conducting job evaluations�

• Overseeing an organisation’s recruitment, interview,

selection, and hiring processes�

• Advising managers on candidate selection, conducting

and analysing exit interviews and recommending

changes�

• Handling staffing issues, mediating disputes and

directing disciplinary procedures�

• Evaluating employee relations and human resources

policies, programmes, and practices�

• Maintaining the work structure by updating job

requirements and job descriptions for all positions�

• Conducting orientation and training programmes�



National Senior Certificate (Matric) with a Bachelor’s Degree

pass


Recommended Subjects: Mathematics, Accounting, Business

Studies, Economics�


What to Study:

Degree: Courses in Human Resource Management or

Sciences

Diploma: Human Resources Management


Institute of People Management [SA]

Tel: (011) 544-4400

www�ipm�co�za

ICT PROGRAMME OR PROJECT MANAGER

(133102)

ICT Project Managers plan, organise, direct, control and

coordinate quality accredited ICT projects. They are

accountable for day-to-day operations of resourcing,

scheduling, prioritisation and task coordination, and

meeting project milestones, objectives and deliverables

within agreed timeframes and budget.

Tasks may Include:

• Assigning, reviewing, managing and leading the work of

Systems Analysts, programmers and other computer-

related workers

66

• Consulting with users, management, vendors and

technicians to assess computing needs and system

requirements and specifying technology to meet those

needs�

• Directing ICT operations, analysing workflow, establishing

priorities, developing standards and setting deadlines�

• Directing the selection and installation of ICT resources

and the provision of user training�

• Establishing and directing operational and administrative

procedures�



• Evaluating the organisation’s technology use and needs

and recommending improvements, such as hardware and

software upgrades�

• Formulating and directing information and

communication technology (ICT) strategies, policies

and plans�

• Overseeing the security of ICT systems, seminars and

conferences�


staff.




pass or Diploma pass



Recommended Subjects: : Information Technology, Computer

Applications

Further Training:

To enter this occupation you need a qualification and work

experience in the ICT field.

A further advantage would be a relevant business management

qualification and project management experience.

Degree: BSc Computer Science or Information Systems or

Information Technology as major, or a BCom� Degree with

Information Systems�

Diploma: Relevant Diplomas are offered by most Universities

of technology and some private colleges�

It is essential to continuously upgrade knowledge because

systems and security threats are constantly changing�

Employment:

• Government and provincial departments

• Large computer companies


• Large business and industrial organisations

• Insurance companies

• Educational institutions and libraries

• Transport enterprises


• Any business using computer systems and networks



Midrand

Tel: (011) 315-1319 Fax: (011) 315-2276


ISETT (Information Systems Electronics &

Telecommunication Technologies)

Tel: (011) 207-2600 Fax: (011) 805-6833

www�isett�org�za

www�computer�org


• Hardware Development Manager

• ICT / IT / Computer Marketing Executive

• ICT / IT / Computer Operations Manager

• ICT / IT / Computer Service Manager

• ICT / IT / Computer Support Manager

• ICT Project Director

ICT SYSTEMS ANALYST (251101)

Systems Analysts analyse an organisation’s current

computer systems and procedures, and design solutions

to help the organisation operate more efficiently.

Systems Analysts bring both business and Information

Technology (IT) together by developing an understanding

of the needs and limitations of both.

Systems Analysts consult with the client in order to determine

the client’s needs and requirements� They then decide

whether and how computers or computer applications

could be used to improve them� The next step is to draw

up diagrams of how the work is to be done and work out

the new system’s requirements and specifications. In some

cases, the system analyst may work with a Systems Architect

67

and Network Engineer to draw up detailed charts and

diagrams that indicate the various components involved�

They then check the feasibility and workability of a

conceptual design� This may include the preparation of

cost-benefit and return-on-investment analyses to help

management decide whether implementing the proposed

system would be financially feasible.

Tasks may Include:

• Specifying the inputs to be accessed by the system,

designing the processing steps and formatting the

output to meet the users’ needs�

• Using techniques such as structured analysis, data

modelling, information engineering, mathematical

model building, sampling and cost accounting to plan

the system�

• Overseeing the system’s development, writing

programmes and system specifications to meet these

requirements�

• Testing systems and analysing information and trends

in the data to increase a system’s performance and

efficiency.

• Calculating the requirements for the amount of

memory, storage, and computing power the computer

system may need�

• Preparing flow diagram or other kinds of diagrams for

programmers or Engineers to use when building the

system�

• Consulting with clients and other stakeholders to

ensure that targets are met after the initial system is

set up�

• Designing and updating the system’s software and

creating applications tailored to their organisation’s

needs�




Degree pass




Electrical Technology�

Further Training:

In order to become a Systems Analyst, you typically need

a Bachelor’s Degree in Computer Science, or Computer

Engineering, or a closely related field.

Degree: BSc Computer Science or Information Systems –

all universities. UP, UCT and Damelin offer short courses in

Business and Systems Analysis�

Postgraduate: Honours in Computer Science can be followed

by MSc and PhD at most universities�

It is essential to upgrade knowledge continuously because

systems and security threats are constantly changing�

Employment:

• Government and provincial departments

• Large computer companies


• Large business and industrial organisations

• Insurance companies

• Educational institutions and libraries

• Transport enterprises


• Any company or business using computer systems and

networks

• A skilled entrepreneurial Systems Analyst can start his

or her own business�

68



Tel: (011) 315-1319


Information Technology Users Council of South Africa

Tel: 10 203 9003

https://ita�org�za

Some Related Careers:

Computer Software Engineer, Computer programmer,

Computer Scientist, Systems Engineer, Computer

Operations Manager�

LOGISTICS MANAGER (132402)

Logistics is the detailed coordination of a large and

complex operation. Logistics and distribution managers

are responsible for creating and implementing

procedures to ensure the smooth movement and storing

of goods, in other words, to get the goods to the right

place, at the right time, in the right quantities.

Tasks may Include:

• Resolving problems concerning transportation, logistics

systems, imports or exports, or customer issues�

• Collaborating with other departments to integrate

logistics with business systems or processes, such as

customer sales, order management, accounting or

shipping�

• Maintaining metrics, reports, process documentation,

customer service logs, or training or safety records�

• Supervising the work of logistics specialists, planners, or

schedulers�

• Directing inbound or outbound logistics operations,

such as transportation or warehouse activities, safety

performance or logistics quality management�

• Directing or coordinating comprehensive logistical

or reverse logistical functions for product life cycles,

including acquisition, distribution, internal allocation,

delivery, recycling, reuse, or final disposal of resources.

• Negotiating with suppliers or customers to improve

supply chain efficiency or sustainability. Green Task

Statement

• Directing distribution centre operation to ensure

achievement of cost, productivity, accuracy, or

timeliness objectives�

• Negotiating transportation rates or services�

• Analysing the financial impact of proposed logistics

changes, such as routing, shipping modes, product

volumes or mixes or carriers�




degree pass or Diploma pass

Each institution has its own entry requirements

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics for degree

Recommended Subjects: Accounting, Business Science,

Economics

Further Training:

Degree: BCom Degree in Logistics or Management

Diploma: National Diploma in Logistics

Employment:

• Commerce and industry

• Supply chain stores

• Retailers


Further Information

Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (CILTSA)

Tel: (011) 789-7327

Email: info@ciltsa�org�za

www�ciltsa�org�za

Institute of Southern Africa Procurement Academy

www�isapa�co�za

69

• Ensuring that the quality of customer care/service

and products provided reflect the highest levels of

excellence to which the company is committed�

• Ensuring that the operation is consistently presented

to a high level to promote a professional image to the

customer�

• To maintain exemplary standards of operations and an

aesthetic appearance�

• Ensuring that the branch operations, employees and

products are safe and comply with safety standards�




Degree pass or Diploma pass

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics for degree

Recommended Subjects: Physical science

Further Training:

Diploma: Nat Dip Management

Degree: BCom Management

Employment:



• Retailers



• Abattoir Manager

• Abattoir Veterinarian

• Farm Produce Packhouse Manager

• Farm Produce Processing Manager

• Feed Mill Manager

• Field Production Manager (Seed)

• Food and Beverages Processing Manager

• Fresh Produce Packhouse Manager

• Mill Manager


Dispatch Logistics Manager

OPERATIONS MANAGER - NON -MANUFACTURING (134915)

Operations Managers plan, direct and coordinate the

operations of an organisation. Regardless of the type

of industry or organisation the main purpose of an

Operations Manager is to plan and direct operations

and improve productivity and efficiency.

By managing day-to-day activities, analysing statistics and

reading and writing reports, Operations Managers play a

vital role in any company�

Operations Managers also have to liaise and interact with

other team members, including interacting with managers

of different parts of the organisation, presenting findings

to stakeholders and higher management as well as

training and supervising new employees and tracking and

measuring staff performance.

The methods and strategies used to achieve this vary

from company to company but there are standard duties

and accountabilities associated with ensuring the smooth

operational procedures of the company�

Tasks may Include:

• Ensuring that the operation is performing against

targets/budgets and managing all costs within the

operation�

• Daily focus on operations to drive excellence and

efficiency.

• Effective coordination of the operation and functions

within the operation�

• Overseeing the accuracy and completeness of all

paperwork and records completion of all relevant

reports relating to the operations department�

• Acting as custodian of all assets across the operation

• Recruitment, coaching and feedback to operations

employees�

• Overseeing training and development requirements –

conducting timely job chats, development and training

records�

• Ensuring effective communication across operations

employees�

70

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT MANAGER

(122301)

A Research And Development (R&D) Manager is

responsible for research, planning, and implementing

new programmes and protocols into their company

or organisation and overseeing the development of

new products. The industry in which a Research and

Development Manager works will likely have an impact

on their specific duties, as these professionals often

find employment in fields like healthcare, technology,

business, and pharmaceuticals. The types of products

produced by a pharmaceutical company are likely to be

different from those produced by a technical company,

so R&D Managers have the ability to specialise

according to their interests.

Regardless of the specific field, R&D Managers are usually

responsible for overseeing the entire development process

of new products and programmes within an organisation,

from the initial planning phase to implementation or

production� You will need to keep track of all the costs

related to the creation of these new products and decide

what ideas are worth pursuing� The R&D Manager should

also stay informed on what is happening in the research

and development field in order to make sure their company

is up-to-date and current with the most advanced R&D

developments� The R&D Manager will also have important

managerial and administrative responsibilities and may be

in charge of overseeing employees�

Tasks may Include:

• Directing and managing the research, design and

development of new products and processes in line

with organisational goals�

• Overseeing research projects, analysing the results and

providing recommendations based on findings.

• Implementing new products, new processes and

technologies in consultation with key role players in

relevant departments�

• Implementing staff training to enhance employee

performance and skill development�

• Assessing the scope of research and development,

documenting all phases, and ensuring that goals are

met on time and within budget�

• Managing customer relationships, performing reviews,

and product testing�

How to Enter:

This is not an entry level position and requires further study

and considerable experience in the field.


National Senior Certificate with a Bachelor’s degree pass

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics, Physical Sciences


Further Training:

Degree: An undergraduate Bachelor of Science (BSc) or a

Bachelor or Commerce or Business Science degree followed

by a post-graduate Business Degree or MBA would be

suitable�

RETAIL BUYER (332301)

Retail Buyers are responsible for planning, selecting, and

buying merchandise for a retail organisation. They are

usually responsible for the merchandising operations

of these establishments. In the chemicals industry the

products would include specialised chemical products such

as cosmetics, medicines, paints and other petroleum-based

products used in hospitals, factories and households.

As such retail buyers need to be specialised� They need

to be able to anticipate the needs of their customers and

establish good relationships with providers, ensuring that the

merchandise they are purchasing meets the standards and

quality required by the regulating authorities and according

to final customer expectations� Retail Buyers must foresee

new technological trends and even in fashion trends where

it relates to household or personal consumer items like

cosmetics� They compare catalogues and journals, telephone

suppliers, examine samples and attend demonstrations and

conferences� Consultation with employees in the various

departments helps determine the specifications of the items

needed� Purchasing managers need to liaise with suppliers

to obtain satisfactory payment plans and quick delivery for

emergency orders and cost savings�

They are required to check delivered goods before payments

are authorised and therefore a sound knowledge of every

aspect of the company is needed�

Tasks may Include:

• Identifying and establishing relationships with

suppliers, negotiating prices, discounts, credit terms

and transportation arrangements�

71

• Researching and analysing product information,

industry trends and technical information in order

to predict future trends in products and consumer

buying patterns, then sourcing new suppliers for future

products�

• Conducting presentations with retailers and sales

personnel to introduce new products�

• Managing stock inventory levels and liaising with shop

personnel to ensure supply meets demand�

• Visiting trade shows, showrooms, factories and product

launches to select and assemble new product lines�

How to Enter:


National Senior Certificate with degree/diploma pass.


Recommended subjects: Physical Sciences, Life Sciences,

Economics, Accountancy

Further Training:

Degree: A Bachelor of Science (BSc) or a Bachelor or

Commerce (BCom, BBusSc, with business and marketing

subjects would be suitable�

Diploma: The N�Dip� Purchasing Management�


Institute of Marketing Management (IMM)

Tel: 0861 466 476

www�imm�co�za

Institute of Purchasing and Supply South Africa

Tel: (011) 331-6650

www�ipsa�co�za

SALES & MARKETING MANAGER (122101)

A Sales and Marketing Manager is usually a Sales Manager

who also handles the few marketing duties that a business

needs. Sales and marketing are two different disciplines.

Sales book new business and marketing creates strategies

for product development, pricing, promotions and

distribution.

This process is often reversed in small companies with

limited product lines or target customer profiles� In this

case, one person often manages sales and marketing, with

the emphasis on sales strategies supported by marketing

activities limited to promotional efforts�

A Sales and Marketing Manager focuses on sales, and

marketing activities such as advertising, promotions and

social media campaigns are lesser parts of the job description�

Tasks may Include:

• Determining price lists, discount and delivery terms,

sales promotion budgets, sales methods, special

incentives and campaigns�

• Establishing and directing operational and administrative

procedures related to sales and marketing activities�

• Establishing and managing budgets and controlling

expenditure to ensure the efficient use of resources.

• Leading and managing the activities of sales and

marketing staff.


staff.

• Planning and directing daily operations;

• Planning and organising special sales and marketing

programmes based on sales records and market

assessments

• Representing the enterprise or organisation at sales

and marketing conventions, trade exhibitions and other

forums�

• Planning, organising, directing, controlling and

coordinating the sales and marketing activities of an

organisation�




pass

Each institution has its own entry requirements

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics (degree course only)

Recommended Subjects: Business Science, Accounting,

Economics�

Further Training:

Degree: Bachelor Degree with Marketing as a major�

Postgraduate: While it is not necessary for entry into this

occupation, a postgraduate qualification might be of value

in order to progress in this field�

Employment:

• Advertising agencies

• Firms marketing consumer goods

• Manufacturing companies

• Large companies

• Stores

72

• Self-employment, with the necessary experience can

start own business in marketing, selling products,

market research and consulting


• Business Development Manager

• Business Support Manager

• Insurance Sales and Marketing Manager

• Key Account Manager

SUPPLY & DISTRIBUTION MANAGER (122101)

Supply and distribution managers usually work in

a warehouse and are responsible for the planning,

co-ordination, directing and control of the supply of

the goods which are made by the company, business or

enterprise. They are also in charge of the storage and

distribution of the goods.

Tasks may Include:

• Determining, implementing and monitoring purchasing,

storage and distribution strategies, policies and plans�

• Establishing and directing operational and

administrative procedures�



• Liaising with other departments and customers

concerning requirements for outward goods and

associated forwarding transportation�

• Monitoring and reviewing storage and inventory

systems to meet supply requirements and control stock

levels�

• Negotiating contracts with suppliers to meet quality,

cost and delivery requirements�

• Operating recording systems to track all movements

of goods, and ensuring re-ordering and re-stocking at

optimal times�

• Overseeing the recording of purchase, storage and

distribution transactions�


staff.

• Planning and directing daily operations�

• Preparing and implementing plans to maintain required

stock levels at minimum cost�




Degree pass or Diploma pass

Compulsory Subjects: Mathematics – degree course only

Recommended Subjects: Business Science, Economics,

Accounting

Further Training:

National Certificate: Pharmaceutical Sales Representation

On successful completion of this qualification the learner

will be eligible for registration with the relevant statutory

council (currently the South African Pharmacy Council) as a

Pharmaceutical Representative�

Diploma: A Pharmaceutical-related Diploma

Degree: A Bachelor Degree in the area of Health Science

Employment:



• Retailers


Specialisations:

• Acquisitions Manager

• Depot Manager

• Freight Forwarding Customs Clearing Manager

• Freight Manager

• Goods Clearance Manager

• Parts Manager

• Procurement Manager

• Purchase Manager

• Storage and Distribution Manager

• Supply Chain Executive

73

BUSINESS CAREERS OF THE

FUTURECYBERSECURITY

We are in the information age in which massive amounts of

information is generated daily in real time from all kinds of devices�

Information management has been enhanced by cloud computing

and is set to increase with the advent of 5G and quantum computing�

In the chemicals industry data is being generated in real time about

products, devices, and customers� As more and more devices become

connected to the internet the capacity to collect and share data

increases vulnerability to cyber-attacks� Managing cybersecurity is

considered an imperative in the modern industry as protecting all connected networks becomes increasingly complex� Cyber-

security is not limited to one job alone and should be part of the overall business strategy used by CIO’s and managed down to

every department and every staff member.

LOGISTICS – SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Logistics is becoming more strategic and specialised due to the

Internet of Things (IoT)� Chemical products can now be tracked

from the factory floor through distribution to the consumer. At

each stage interconnected sensors are able to measure and control

optimal conditions to ensure that chemical and medical supplies are

delivered within a specific range of time, temperature, pressure, etc.

Real time information can be used by logistics managers who will

need to the skills to analyse and forecast stock levels, coordinate

deliveries according to schedules and calculating transportation

costs. They will be more greater cost efficiencies and improved

service�

(https://www.refiningandpetrochemicalsme.com/article-17366-oil-

-gas-and-rpme-awards-to-honour-the-best-logistics-service-provider)

TECHNICAL SALES AND MARKETING

There is a high demand for technical sales within the chemicals industry� So says Charlene Kotze the Head Talent Acquisition and

Development – SSA, Henkel South Africa (Pty) Ltd� However, to be a good technical sales person you will need a combination of

science, business and people skills. You will need to apply your scientific knowledge to understand your customers business and

to offer appropriate solutions. “At Henkel we look for graduates with a chemical or chemistry background who are interested

in business and who have good people skills”� A sales person also needs to understand the technical aspects of the products we

sell and for this reason we prefer to recruit our sales candidates as interns within our business units”�

74

UNIVERSITIES

NWU - North West University

NMMU - Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

RU - Rhodes University

UCT - University of Cape Town

UFH - University of Fort Hare

UFS - University of the Free State

UJ - University of Johannesburg

UKZN - University of KwaZulu-Natal

UL - University of Limpopo

UNISA - University of South Africa

UMP - University of Mpumalanga

UP - University of Pretoria

US - University of Stellenbosch

UWC - University of the Western Cape

UZ - University of Zululand

Wits - University of the Witwatersrand

UNIVERSITIES OF TECHNOLOGY

CPUT - Cape Peninsula University of Technology

CUT - Central University of Technology� Free State

DUT - Durban University of Technology

MUT - Mangosuthu University of Technology

TUT - Tshwane University of Technology

UV - University of Venda for Science and Technology

VUT - Vaal University of Technology

WSU - Walter Sisulu University of Technology

TVET COLLEGES

TVET - Technical Vocational Education & Training Colleges

(Originally called FET Colleges)

ABBREVIATIONS

75

PROFESSIONAL BODIESCONTACT DETAILS

Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA)Private Bag X691

BRUMA, 2026

Tel: (011) 607 9500 · Email: engineer@ecsa�co�za


Chemical Allied Industries Association (CAIA)Ground Floor, Block A, Empire Park,

55 Empire Road, Parktown

Tel: (011) 482 1671/2

http://www�caia�co�za/

South African Institute of Electrical Engineers (SAIEE)SAIEE House

18a Gill Street

Observatory, Johannesburg

Tel: (011) 487 3003


South African Chemical Institute (SACI)The Secretary - Laila Smith

School of Chemistry

University of Witwatersrand

Private Bag X3

Wits, 2050

Tel: (011) 717 6705 Email: saci�chem@wits�ac�za

http://www�saci�co�za/

South African Institute of Chemical Engineers (SAIChe)P O Box 2125

North Riding, 2162

Tel: (011) 704 5915

www�saiche�co�za

South African Society for Engineering Education Tel: (021) 808 3606

https://www�sasee�org�za

The Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA)P O Box 205,

Pretoria, 0001

Tel: (012) 338 9300 Email: info@hpcsa�co�za


South African Pharmacy Council (SAPC)

SAPC Building

591 Belvedere St

Arcadia, 0083

Tel: 0861 7272 00 Email: customercare@sapc�za�org


76

CHIETA SETA (Chemical Industries Education and Training Authority) 2 Clamart Road, Richmond, 2092Tel: (011) 628 7000/087 944 4377www�chieta�org�za

LGSETA (Local Government Sector Education and Training Authority) 1st Floor, 47 Van Buuren Road,Bedfordview, 2007Tel:(011) 456 8579www�lgseta�co�za

MerSETA (Manufacturing, Engineering and Related Services)95 7th Avenue, Cnr Rustenburg Road, Melville, Johannesburg, 2109Tel: (010) 547 2600www�merseta�org�za

MQA (Mining and Minerals Qualification Authority SETA)7 Anerley Rd, Parktown, Johannnesburg, 2193Tel :( 011)547 2600www�mqa�org�za

PSETA (Public Service SETA)Sanlam Building, 353 Festival Street, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0083Tel :( 012) 423 5700www�pseta�org�za

FP&M SETA (Fibre Processing and Manufacturing SETA)1 Newtown Ave, Killarney, Johannesburg, Braamfontein, 2001Tel :( 011) 403 1700www�fpmseta�org�za

SASSETA (Safety and Security Education and Training Authority)Riverview Office Park, Janadel Ave, Midrand, Johannesburg, 1685Tel: (011) 087 5500www�sasseta�org�za

SERVICES SETA (Services Sector Education and Training Authority)15 Sherborne Rd, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193Tel: (011) 276 9600www�servicesseta�org�za

TETA (Transport Education and Training Authority) 344 Pretoria Ave, Ferndale, Randburg, 2194Tel: (011) 577 7000www�teta�org�za

W&RSETA (Wholesale and Retail SETA)Hennops House, 1303 Heuwel Rd &, Lenchen Ave S, Centurion Central, Centurion, 0167012 622 9500www�wrseta�org�za

AGRISETA (Agriculture Sector Education and Training Authority)529 Belvedere St, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0002Tel :( 012)301 5600www�agriseta�co�za

BANKSETA (Banking Sector Education and Training Authority)Building 22, Thornhill Office Park, Bekker Rd, Midrand, 1685Tel: (011)805 9661www�bankseta�org�za

SETA CONTACT DETAILS

77

CETA (Construction Education and Training Authority)1st Floor, Builders Centre, 183 Kerk St, Halfway House, Midrand, 1685Tel: (011) 265 5900www�ceta�org�za

CATHSSETA (Culture, Arts, Tourism, Hospitality and Sports SETA)Ground 1, Newtown Ave, Killarney, Johannesburg, 2193Tel: (011) 217 0600www�cathsseta�org�za

EWSETA (Energy and Water Sector Education and Training Authority)Sunnyside Office Park, 32 Princess of Wales Terrace, Parktown, JohannesburgTel: (011) 274-4700www�ewseta�org�za

ETDPSETA (Education Training and Development Practices SETA)2-6 New St, Marshalltown, Johannesburg, 2107Tel: (011) 372 3300www�etdpseta�org�za

FASSET (Finance and Accounting Services Sector Education Training)1st floor, 296 Kent Ave, Ferndale, Randburg, 2194Tel: (011) 476 8570www�fasset�org�za

HWSETA (Health and Welfare Sector Education and Training Authority)17 Bradford Rd, Bedfordview, Germiston, 2007011 607 6900www�hwseta�org�za

MICTSETA (Media, Information and Communications Technology SETA)19 Richards Dr, Halfway House, Midrand, 1685Tel: (011) 207 2600www�mict�org�za

FOODBEV SETA (Food and Beverage manufacturing Industry Sector Education and Training Authority)13 Autumn St, Rivonia, Sandton, 2128Tel :( 011)253 7300www�foodbev�co�za

INSETA (Insurance Sector Education and Training Authority)37 Empire Rd, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193Tel: (011) 381 8900www�inseta�org�za

SETA CONTACT DETAILS

78

Nelson Mandela University (NMU)

NMMU - South Campus University WaySummerstrandPort Elizabeth Tel: (041) 504-1111 www�nmu�ac�za

NMU - North CampusGardham AvenueSummerstrandPort Elizabeth Tel: (041) 504-1111 www�nmu�ac�za

NMU - 2nd Ave CampusSecond AvenueSummerstrandPort Elizabeth Tel: (041) 504-1111 www�nmu�ac�za

NMU - Bird Street Campus20 Bird StreetCentral, Port ElizabethEastern CapeTel: (041) 504-4000 www�nmu�ac�za

NMU - Missionvale CampusUitenhage RoadMissionvalePort ElizabethEastern CapeTel: (041) 504-1111 www�nmu�ac�za

NMU - George CampusSaasveld StreetSaasveld, GeorgeEastern CapeTel: (044) 801-5111 www�nmu�ac�za

North-West University (NWU)

Institutional OfficeBuilding C153 Borcherd StreetPotchefstroom, 2531North WestTel: (018) 299-4897 www�nwu�ac�za

Mafikeng CampusCnr Albert Luthuli and University DriveMmabathoNorth West, 2745Tel: (018) 389-2449 www�nwu�ac�za

Potchefstroom Campus11 Hoffman StreetPotchefstroom, 2531North WestTel: (018) 299-1111 www�nwu�ac�za

Vaal Triangle Campus Van Eck BoulevardVanderbijlparkGauteng, 1900Tel: (016) 910-3111 www�nwu�ac�za

Rhodes University (RU)

Lucas AvenueGrahamstownEastern CapeTel: (046) 603-8276 www�ru�ac�za

Sol Plaatje University (SPU)

North CampusChapel StreetKimberleyNorthern CapeTel: (053) 491-0000www�spu�ac�za

TERTIARY INSTITUTIONSUNIVERSITIES

79

University of Cape Town (UCT)

Main Road Cape Town, 7700Western CapeTel: (021) 650-9111 www�uct�ac�za

Graduate School of Business

Breakwater CampusPortswood RoadGreen PointTel: (021) 406-1911 www�gsb�uct� ac�za

University of Fort Hare (UFH)

Alice, 5700 Eastern CapeTel: (040) 602-2016 www�ufh�ac�za

Bhisho CampusIndependence AveBhisho 5600Eastern CapeTel: (040) 608-3407 Fax: (040) 608-3408www�ufh�ac�za

East London Campus 50 Church StreetEast LondonTel: (043) 704-7000 Fax: (043) 704-7095www�ufhel�ac�za

University of Johannesburg (UJ)

The RegistrarP O Box 524AUCKLAND PARK, 2006GautengTel: (011) 559-2911 Fax: (011) 489-2191www�uj�ac�za

Auckland Park Bunting Road CampusBunting RoadNew Doornfontein Tel: (011) 559-4555www�uj�ac�za

Auckland Park Kingsway CampusCnr� Kingsway and University RoadAuckland Park Tel: (011) 559-4555www�uj�ac�za

Doornfontein CampusCnr� Siemert and Beit Streets DoornfonteinTel: (011) 559-4555www�uj�ac�za

Soweto CampusSmall and Medium Enterprise DevelopmentOld Potch RoadSoweto Tel: (011) 559-4555www�uj�ac�za

University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN)

University of KwaZulu-NatalMazisi Kunene RoadGlenwood, DurbanTel: (031) 260-1111www�ukzn�ac�za

Central Applications Office (CAO)Private Bag X06DALBRIDGE, 4014KwaZulu-NatalTel: (031) 268-4444 Fax: 086 622 8828enquiries@cao�ac�zawww�cao�ac�za

Edgewood CampusCnr� Richmond & Marianhill RdPinetownTel: (031) 260-1111Admissions:Tel: (031) 260-3414 Fax: (031) 260-3423www�ukzn�ac�za

Howard College CampusMazisi Kunene RoadGlenwood Durban Tel: (031) 260-5111www�ukzn�ac�za

Medical School CampusUmbilo RoadDurbanTel: (031) 260-8596www�ukzn�ac�za

Pietermaritzburg Campus King Edward Avenue Scottsville Tel: (033) 260-5212www�ukzn�ac�za

80

Westville Campus University Road WestvilleTel: (031) 260-1111www�ukzn�ac�za

University of Limpopo (UL)

University of LimpopoCentral Administration (012) 521-4058

Turfloop CampusUniversity StreetSovengaPOLOKWANETel: (015) 268-3332 www�ul�ac�za

University of Mpumalanga (UMP)

Siyabuswa CampusBheki Mfundo DriveSiyabuswaTel: (013) 002-0001www�ump�ac�za

University of Mpumalanga (UMP)

Mbombela CampusCnr R40 and D725 Roads, Mbombela 1200 Tel: (013) 002-0001www�ump�ac�za

University of Pretoria (UP)

Cnr� Lynnwood Road and Roper StreetGautengTel: (012) 420-4111Fax: (012) 362-5190www�up�ac�za

Groenkloof CampusFaculty of Education University of PretoriaLeyds Street South GroenkloofPretoria, 0002Tel: (012) 420-2321www�up�ac�za

Mamelodi CampusHinterland Street Ikageng, Mamelodi EastGautengTel: (012) 842-3580www�up�ac�za

Medical CampusSchool of MedicineBophela Road 31GezinaTel: (012) 319-2500www�up�ac�za

Onderstepoort Veterinary InstituteOnderstepoort Gauteng, 0110Tel: (012) 529-8132 www�up�ac�za

Prinshof CampusDepartment of OdontologyDr Savage RoadRiviera, Pretoriawww�up�ac�za

Sandton CampusGordon Institute of Business Science26 Melville Road, IllovoGautengTel: (011) 771-4000www�up�ac�za

University of South Africa (UNISA)

Preller StMuckleneuk RidgeTel: (011) 441-5888 Call Centre: 0861 670 411www�unisa�ac�za

University of Stellenbosch (US)

University of StellenboschVictoria StreetStellenboschWestern CapeTel: (021) 808-9111 Fax: (021) 808-3822www�sun�ac�za

University of the Free State (UFS)

Bloemfontein Campus 205 Nelson Mandela DrivePark WestBloemfonteinFree StateTel: (051) 401-9111 Fax: (051) 401-3579www�ufs�ac�za

81

Qwaqwa CampusUniversity of the Free StateKestell RoadPhuthaditjabaTel: (058) 718-5000www�ufs�ac�za

South CampusUniversity of the Free StateChurch StreetBloemfonteinTel: (051) 505-1111 www�ufs�ac�za

University of the Western Cape (UWC)

Robert Sobukwe RoadBellville, 7535 Western CapeTel: (021) 959-2911 Fax: (021) 959-3126www�uwc�ac�za

University of the Witwatersrand (Wits)

1 Jan Smuts AvenueBraamfontein, 2000GautengTel: (011) 717-1000 Fax: (011) 717-1229www�wits�ac�za

University of Venda (UV)

Private Bag X5050THOHOYANDOU, 0950Limpopo ProvinceTel: (015) 962-8000 Fax: (015) 962-4742www�univen�ac�za

University of Zululand (UZ)

Central Administration Tel: (035) 902-6000 KwaDlangezwaKwaZulu-Natalwww�uzulu�ac�za

Richards Bay Campus

Cnr Guldengracht and East Arterial RoadsArboretumRichards Baywww�uzulu�ac�za

Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)

Call Centre: (021) 959-6767www�cput�ac�za

Athlone CampusKlipfontein RoadHeideveldTel: (021) 684-1200www�cput�ac�za

Bellville CampusSymphony WayWestern CapeTel: (021) 959-6911 www�cput�ac�za

Cape Town Campus Keizersgracht & Tennant StZonnebloemCape Town Western CapeTel: (021) 460-3911 www�cput�ac�za

Granger Bay Campus (Hotel School)Beach RoadMouille PointWestern CapeTel: (021) 440-5700www�cput�ac�za

Mowbray CampusHighbury Road MowbrayWestern CapeTel: (021) 680-1500www�cput�ac�za

Wellington CampusJan van Riebeeck StWellingtonWestern CapeTel: (021) 864-5200 www�cput�ac�za

UNIVERSITIES OF

TECHNOLOGY

82

Central University of Technology (CUT)

Bloemfontein Campus1 Park Road, WestdeneFree StateTel: (051) 507-3911 Fax: (051) 507-3199www�cut�ac�za

Welkom Campus1 Mothusi RoadWelkomTel: (057) 910-3500www�cut�ac�za

Durban University of Technology (DUT)

Durban University of TechnologyKwaZulu-Natalwww�dut�ac�za

Central Applications Office (CAO)Private Bag X06DALBRIDGE, 4014KwaZulu-NatalTel: (031) 268-4444 Fax: (031) 268-4444www�cao�ac�zaenquiries@cao�ac�za

Brickfield Campus 96 Brickfield Road, Overport Durban, 4001KwaZulu-Natal Tel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

City Campus Cnr Smith Street, Warwick Avenue & Berea RdKwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

Durban University of Technology (DUT)

Indumiso Campus F J Sithole RoadImbali, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, 3201Tel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

ML Sultan Campus 41/43 Centenary RoadDurban, 4001KwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

Ritson Campus7 Ritson Road, OverportDurban, 4001KwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

Riverside Campus 19 Aberfeldy RoadScottsville, 3209KwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

Steve Biko Campus Cnr Steve Biko Road and Botanic Gardens RdBerea, Durban, 4001KwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860-103-194www�dut�ac�za

Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)

Mangosuthu Highway, UmlaziKwaZulu-NatalTel: (031) 907-7111 Fax: (031) 907-2892www�mut�ac�za

Tshwane University of Technology (TUT)

Pretoria CampusStaatsartillerie RoadPretoria WestGautengTel: 086-110-2421www�tut�ac�za

Arcadia Campus175 Nelson Mandela DriveGautengTel: 086-110-2421www�tut�ac�za

Arts CampusCnr Du Toit and Struben StreetsPretoria GautengTel: 086-110-2421www�tut�ac�za

eMalahleni Campus Cnr Swartbos Ave and President StreeteMahleni, GautengTel: 086-110-2421www�tut�ac�za

83

TVET

COLLEGES

Ga-Rankuwa Campus2827 Botsi Street Zone 2 GARANKUWA, 0208GautengTel: 086-110-2421www�tut�ac�za

Mbombela (Nelspruit) CampusGen� Dan Pienaar RoadNelspruit, 1200Tel: 086-110-2421 www�tut�ac�za

Polokwane Campus 109 Market StreetPolokwaneTel: 086-110-2421 www�tut�ac�za

Soshanguve CampusCollege Road SouthSOSHANGUVE GautengTel: 086-110-2421www�tut�ac�za

Vaal University of Technology (VUT)

Vanderbijl (Main Campus)Andries Potgieter BoulevardVanderbijlparkGautengTel: (016) 950-9000 www�vut�ac�za

Ekurhuleni CampusProcess House24 Plane Road, Spartan Ext 1EkurhuleniGautengTel: (011) 929-7400 www�vut�ac�za

Secunda Campus8 Carl Bosch StreetSecundaTel: (017) 631-1990 www�vut�ac�za

Upington CampusLe Roux StreetUpingtonGautengTel: (054) 332-3304 www�vut�ac�za

Walter Sisulu University (WSU)

Mthatha CampusThe Registrar Walter Sisulu University - Mthatha CampusEastern CapeTel: (047) 502-2844 www�wsu�ac�za

Buffalo City CampusEast LondonEastern Cape, 5200Tel: (043) 708-5200 Fax: (043) 708-5331www�wsu�ac�za

Butterworth CampusButterworth, 4960Eastern CapeTel: (047) 401-6254 Fax: (047) 401-6267www�wsu�ac�za

Boland College

Central Office85 Bird StreetStellenbosch, 7600Western CapeTel: (021) 886-7111/2 Fax: (021) 886-8182www�bolandcollege�com

Buffalo City College

East London Campus (School of Business)The Campus Manager cnr Lukin Road and King StreetEAST LONDON, 5200 Eastern Cape Tel:(043) 704 9262www�bccollege�co�za

Capricorn College

Central Office16 Market StreetPolokwane, 0699Limpopo Province Tel: (015) 230-1800 Fax: (015) 291-2767www�capricorncollege�co�za

84

Central Johannesburg College

Parktown Campus The Principal5 Ubla Avenue Parktown Private Bag 70500 HOUGHTON, 2041 Gauteng Tel: (011) 351-6000 Fax: (011) 484-2738www�cjc�co�za

Coastal KZN College

Head Office - Umbumbulu CampusOld Main RoadKwaMakhuthaP O Box 1795KWAMAKHUTHA, 4126KwaZulu-Natal Tel: (031) 905-7200 Fax: (031) 905-1472www�coastalkzn�co�za

College of Cape Town

College of Cape Town - Central Office334 Albert RoadSalt River, 7925 Tel: (021) 404-6700 / 086 010 3682www�cct�edu�za Email: info@cct�edu�za

Eastcape Midlands College

Head Office The Campus ManagerPrivate Bag X35, Uitenhage, 6230Eastern CapeTel: (041) 995-2047 www�emcol�co�za

Ehlanzeni College

Central Office29 Bell Street,Nelspruit, 1220Private Bag X11297Nelspruit, 1200MpumalangaTel: (013) 752-7105 www�ehlanzenicollege�co�za

Ekurhuleni East College

Corporate CentreSam Ngema RdKwa-Thema, SpringsPrivate Bag X52SPRINGS, 1560, GautengTel: (011) 730-6600 www�eec�edu�za

Ekurhuleni West College

Alberton Campus The Campus Manager 25 Lake Arthur St Brackendowns, 1448P O Box 166575 BRACKENDOWNS, 1454 Gauteng Tel: (011) 900-1201/2 Fax: (011) 900-1712 www�ewc�edu�za

Elangeni College

Central Office 15 Portsmouth RoadPinetown, 3600Private Bag X9032PINETOWN, 3610Kwazulu-NatalTel: (031) 716-6700 www�elangeni�edu�za

Esayidi College

Head OfficePrivate Bag 2364 Port Shepstone, 4240 KwaZulu-Natal Tel: (039) 684-0110, Fax: (039) 684-0280 www�esayidiFET�co�za

False Bay College

Central OfficeWestlake DriveWestlakePrivate Bag X25Tokai, 7966Tel: (021) 701-1919 Fax: (021) 701-1808www�falsebaycollege�co�za

85

Flavius Mareka College

Central Office - Sasolburg Campus The Campus Manager cor Hertzog Road & Fraser StreetSasolburg, 1947Private Bag X2009Sasolburg, 1947Free State Tel: (016) 976 0829/15 www�flaviusmareka�net

Gert Sibande College

Ermelo Campus The Campus Manager No� 18a Dr�Beyers Naudé StreetStanderton, 2430 Mpumalanga Tel : (017) 712-9040/58www�gscollege�co�za

Goldfields College

Central Office36 Buren StreetFlamingo ParkWelkom, 9459Private Bag X95Welkom, 9459, Free State

Tel: (057) 910-600 Fax: (057) 392 1082 www�goldfieldsFET�edu�za

Ikhala College

Central Office - Queenstown Campus The Campus Manager cor Robinson Rd and Zeller St Queenstown Private Bag X7110 QUEENSTOWN, 5320 Tel: (045) 838-2593/4 www�ikhalacollege�co�za

Ingwe College

Maluti Campus The Campus Manager Mli Road, MalutiEastern Cape Tel: (039) 940 2142www�ingwecollege�edu�za

King Hintsa College

Central Administration218 Mthatha Road (next to WSU)P/Bag X3018Butterworth, 4960Tel: 0(47) 401-6400 Fax: (047) 492-2398www�kinghintsa�org�za

King Sabata Dalindyebo College for

Head Office R61 Queentown Road Cicira Village, MthathaEastern Cape Tel: (047) 505-1000

Coastal KZN College

Head Office - Umbumbulu CampusOld Main RoadP O Box 1795KWAMAKHUTHA, 4126KwaZulu-Natal Tel: (031) – 905-7000/1, Fax: (031) – 907-1399www�coastalkzn�co�za

Lephalale College

Head Office Nelson Mandela & Ngoako, RamahlodiPrivate Bag X210, Lephalale, 0555 Limpopo ProvinceTel: (014) 763-2252, Cell: 082 920 5554Fax : (014) 763-2253 www�lephalaleFETcollege�co�za

Lovedale College

Alice Campus 1 Amatola Row King William’s Town, 5601Eastern Cape Tel: (087) 238-2223www�lovedalecollege�co�za

Majuba College

Head Office 83 Allen StNewcastle, 2940MADADENI, 2951 KwaZulu-Natal Tel: (034) 329-2004 Fax: (034) 329-2538www�majuba�edu�za

86

Maluti College

Main CampusMampoi Road Phuthaditjhaba, 9866 Private Bag X807WITSIESHOEK, 9870Free StateTel: (058) 713-0612 Fax: (058) 713-4722www�malutiFET�edu�za

Mnambithi College

78 Murchison StLadysmith, 3370KwaZulu-Natal Tel: (036) 6331-0380

Mopani South East College

Corporate OfficeCnr Combretum & Haarlem StPhalaborwaPrivate Bag X01024Phalaborwa, 1390Limpopo ProvinceTel: (015) 781-5725 Fax: (015) 781-5346www�mopanicollege�edu�za

Motheo College

Central Office - Hillside View Campus The Campus Manager Khomo StreetBlomanda Bloemfontein Private Bag X20509 BLOEMFONTEIN, 9300 Tel: (051) 409-3300 Fax: (051) 435-7602 www�motheoFET�co�za

Mthashana College

Central OfficeUthopia Building266 South StreetVryheid, 3100Private Bag 9424Vryheid, 3100KwaZulu-NatalTel: (034) 980-1010/15 Fax:(034) 980-1012www�mthashanafet�co�za

Nkangala College

Head Office - Mpondozankomo Campus

The Campus Manager 1 Schonland Avenue Ferrobank, Witbank Private Bag X 7259 WITBANK, 1035 Mpumalanga Tel: (013) 699-0302 Fax: (013) 696-2181www�nkangalafet�edu�za

Northern Cape Rural TVET

Upington Campus Steve Naude St Upington, 8800 Northern Cape Tel: (054) 332 4711/2 www�ncrfet�edu�za

Northern Cape Urban College

Central Office37 Long StreetAlberttynshofKimberley, 8301Private Bag X5031Kimberley, 8300 Northern CapeTel: (053) 839-2060 Fax: (053) 839-2068www�ncutvet�edu�za

Northlink College

80 Voortrekker Road, Belville, 7530Western CapeTel: (086) 00 65465www�northlink�co�za

Orbit College

Fatima Bhayat StreetRustenburg, 0300BRITS, 0300 North West Tel: (014)597-5500www�orbitcollege�co�za

87

Port Elizabeth College

139 Russell RdPort Elizabeth Central,Port Elizabeth, 6001Eastern Cape Tel: (041) 509-6300www�pecollege�edu�za

Sedibeng Public TVET

Central Office37 Voortrekker StreetVereenigingGautengTel: (016) 422-6645 Fax: (016) 422-6646www�sedcol�co�za

Sekhukhune

Praktiseer Location Burgersfort Limpopo Province Tel: (013) 269 0278www�sekhukhunetvet�edu�za

South Cape College

Central Office125 Mitchell StreetGeorge, 6530Western CapeTel: (044) 884-0359 Fax: (044) 884-0361www�sccol�co�za

South West Gauteng College

Head Officecnr Koma &Molele StreetsSoweto, 1801Private Bag X33TSHIAWELO, 1817Tel: (011) 527-8300 Fax: (010) 140-7942 Gauteng www�swgc�co�za

Taletso

Lehurutshe Campus Central Office North West Tel: (018) 363-2346https://taletso�edu�za/contact

Thekwini TVET

Central Office The Campus Manager 262 D’Aintree Ave Asherville Private Bag X 06 DORMERTON, 4015 KwaZulu-Natal Tel: (031) 250-8400 Fax: (031) 250-8414 www�thekwinicollege�co�za

Tshwane North College

Central OfficeCnr Pretorius & Potgieter StP O Box 23193Arcadia, 0007 Tel: (012) 401-1600 Fax: (012) 323-8683e-mail: centraloffice@tnc4FET�co�zawww�tnc4FET�co�za

Tshwane South College

Head Office / Centurion CampusTek Base, College StreetLytteltonPrivate Bag x 1018Lyttelton, 0140

Umfolozi TVET

Central Office NaboomnekArboretumRichards Bay Private Bag X5023Richards BayKwaZulu-NatalTel: (035) 902-9501 Fax: (035) 789-2585 www�umfolozicollege�co�za

Umgungundlovu TVET

Central Office44 Burger StreetPietermaritzburg, 3201P O Box X9060PIETERMARITZBURG, 3200KwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860 105 790 Fax: 0866 313 657www�uFETcollege�co�za

88

Vhembe TVET

Central - Mavhoi Campus Nzhelele RoadMakongozaVendaPrivate Bag X1017 DZANANI, 0955 Limpopo Province Tel: (015) 970-4166 Fax: (015) 970-4743 www�vhembecollege�edu�za

Vuselela TVET

Corporate Centre8 Bram Fischer StKlerksdorp, 2571P O Box 10107KLERKSDORP, 2570North WestTel: (018) 406-7800 Fax: (018) 406-7810www�vuselelacollege�co�za

Western TVET

Krugersdorp Campus The Campus Managerc/o Market & Von Brandis StreetKrugersdorpPrivate Bag X2004KRUGERSDORP, 1740GautengTel: (011) 953-1140 Fax: (011) 665-2724 www�westcol�co�za

Waterberg TVET

Central OfficePostNet Suit #59Private Bag x2449Mokopane, 0600Tel: (015) 491-8581/8602 Fax: (015) 491-8579www�waterbergcollege�co�za

West Coast College

Head Office2nd Floor, Clicks BuildingVoortrekker RoadMalmsbury, 7300P O Box 935, Malmesbury, 7229Western CapeTel: (022) 482-1143 Fax: (022) 487-3983www�westcoastcollege�co�za

Vhembe TVET

Central - Mavhoi Campus Nzhelele RoadMakongozaVendaPrivate Bag X1017 DZANANI, 0955 Limpopo Province Tel: (015) 970-4166 Fax: (015) 970-4743 www�vhembecollege�edu�za

Vuselela TVET

Corporate Centre8 Bram Fischer StKlerksdorp, 2571P O Box 10107KLERKSDORP, 2570North WestTel: (018) 406-7800 Fax: (018) 406-7810www�vuselelacollege�co�za

Umfolozi TVET

Central Office NaboomnekArboretumRichards Bay Private Bag X5023Richards BayKwaZulu-NatalTel: (035) 902-9501 Fax: (035) 789-2585 www�umfolozicollege�co�za

Umgungundlovu TVET

Central Office44 Burger StreetPietermaritzburg, 3201P O Box X9060PIETERMARITZBURG, 3200KwaZulu-NatalTel: 0860 105 790 Fax: 0866 313 657www�uFETcollege�co�za

Umgungundlovu TVET (Cont.)

Northdale Campus cnr Balhambra and Newholmes Way Northdale Private Bag X9060PIETERMARITZBURG, 3200 Tel: (033) 341-2266 Fax: (033) 397-1054www�uFETcollege�co�za

89

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

THANK YOU TO THE FOLLOWING CONTRIBUTORSDr Mike Booth Chairperson South African Chemicals Institute (SACI)

Prof� Seteno NtwampeHOD/Chair: Department of Chemical Engineering

Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)

Dr Kessie Govender CPUT Quantum Physics ResearchCape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)

Jeremy SchusterAcademic Head Occupational Programmes

False Bay College

Maggie Ntombifuthi Chemical Engineer (Student lecturer)Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT)

Johan Blankenberg Training coordinatorFine Chemicals Corporation (PTY) Ltd (Aspen)

Charlene Kotze Head Talent Acquisition – SSA Henkel South Africa (Pty) Ltd

Jonathan Trollip Operations Manager Technotrain

Gabriel Semenya General Manager Technotrain

Dr Glenda RavenSenior Manager: Environmental Leaders Programme

WWF-SA

Mykhaylo Lototskyy Senior Researcher HySA Systems

Olivia Baron and Wafeeq Davids

Key Technology Specialists HySA Systems

Larce Rayman HR Manager Blendwell Chemicals

Cameron Gray Business Owner Liquid Freedom

Thembelani SomyaGroup Talent Development, Diversity & Inclusion Officer

Aspen

Christiaan Campbell Sustainability Consultant Boschendal Wine Estate

Terry Bezuidenhout Talent Resource Cipla

Yvette Jacobs Group Learning Coordinator AECI

Zodwa Tomile Skills Development Manager Air Products

Rosalind Naidoo Skills Development Facilitator Astron Energy

Langanani Ilefo Human Capital Development Officer Mintek

Lorenzo Pietersen Training Coordinator Rheinmetall Denel-Munition

Geraldine Durrheim Skills Development Manager First National Battery

Yvette Jacobs Group Learning & Development Specialist

AECI

CHIETA HEAD OFFICE

PHONE: +27 87 944 4377FAX: +27 11 728 7777

WESTERN CAPE

PHONE: +27 87 944 4377FAX: +27 21 552 9376

KWAZULU NATAL

PHONE: +27 87 944 4377FAX: +27 31 368 3836

PORT ELIZABETH

PHONE: +27 87 944 4377FAX: +27 41 509 6478

@CHIETA_SETA @chietasa @chieta_sa

CAREER GUIDE - CHIETA

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