Carbon Nanocapsules Carbon Nanocapsules The Application for The Application for Lighting Lighting Dr. Haley H. Lu ( Dr. Haley H. Lu ( 盧盧盧 盧盧 盧盧盧 盧盧 ) ) PhD from PhD from NTU Electro-Optical NTU Electro-Optical Engineering Engineering R&D Director of TCY-Tech Power Energy R&D Director of TCY-Tech Power Energy Limited Limited
Carbon Nanocapsules The Application for Lighting. Dr. Haley H. Lu ( 盧鴻智 博士 ) PhD from NTU Electro-Optical Engineering R&D Director of TCY-Tech Power Energy Limited. The Emerging Trends of Lighting. Evolution of Lighting. Why LED ?. Lower Energy Consumption - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Carbon NanocapsulesCarbon Nanocapsules The Application for LightingThe Application for Lighting
Dr. Haley H. Lu (Dr. Haley H. Lu ( 盧鴻智 博士盧鴻智 博士 ))
PhD from PhD from NTU Electro-Optical EngineeringNTU Electro-Optical Engineering
R&D Director of TCY-Tech Power Energy LimitedR&D Director of TCY-Tech Power Energy Limited
The Emerging Trends of LightingThe Emerging Trends of Lighting
Evolution of LightingEvolution of Lighting
Why LEDWhy LED ??Lower Energy ConsumptionLower Energy Consumption
consumes only 20~ 30% of incandescent lamps, 50% of consumes only 20~ 30% of incandescent lamps, 50% of halogen lamps. halogen lamps.
Longer Life SpanLonger Life Span 50000 ~ 100000 hours (10-12 years)50000 ~ 100000 hours (10-12 years)
Lower Light DecayLower Light Decay A well managed LED light has less than 5% light decay after A well managed LED light has less than 5% light decay after
thousands of hours operation.thousands of hours operation.
Environmental FriendlyEnvironmental Friendly No Filament – No Gas - No Mercury - No UV rays - No Plumbum No Filament – No Gas - No Mercury - No UV rays - No Plumbum
- No Hazardous Substance- No Hazardous Substance
Why LED ?Why LED ?
Eye – ProtectiveEye – Protective LED lighting is free from strobe flash lighting that LED lighting is free from strobe flash lighting that
incandescent lamps and other lamps have.incandescent lamps and other lamps have.
High BrightnessHigh Brightness A more vivid color of lighting, giving clearer A more vivid color of lighting, giving clearer
images than low brightness lampsimages than low brightness lamps
Wide Color TemperaturesWide Color Temperatures Warm white, Cool White, RGB, Ranging from Warm white, Cool White, RGB, Ranging from
2700K – 7000K2700K – 7000K
LED Key FactorsLED Key Factors
Key Factors of LED LightingKey Factors of LED LightingConstant Current Driver TechnologyConstant Current Driver Technology
Power Factor Power Factor EfficiencyEfficiency Stability in static current drivingStability in static current driving
Light DecayLight Decay Maintenance of brightness at a longer periodMaintenance of brightness at a longer period
Heat DissipationHeat Dissipation Maintaining LED junction temperature at low to Maintaining LED junction temperature at low to
increase its lifespanincrease its lifespan
Cost Cost To be Economical in Mass ApplicationTo be Economical in Mass Application
(2)(2) Decrease LED Lifespan Decrease LED Lifespan
Luminance decrease example (For x-brand LED Chip):Luminance decrease example (For x-brand LED Chip):While Tj is 25 (typical ambient temp.), the luminance (LV) is 100%℃While Tj is 25 (typical ambient temp.), the luminance (LV) is 100%℃
Tj rises to 75℃Tj rises to 75℃ LV reduced to 93% LV reduced to 93%
Tj reaches to 115℃Tj reaches to 115℃ LV reduces to 85% LV reduces to 85%
Tj reaches to 125℃Tj reaches to 125℃ LV reduces to 83% LV reduces to 83%
Tj reaches to 150℃Tj reaches to 150℃ LV only 80% LV only 80%
LED Junction Temperature & LED Junction Temperature & Lifespan RelationshipLifespan Relationship
TTjj v.s. LED life time (hrs) v.s. LED life time (hrs)
Lower Tj
W
> 50,00030,000
How to Disperse Excess Heat?How to Disperse Excess Heat?
Radiation/ConvectionRadiation/Convection;; Passive/active energy transmission into immediate Passive/active energy transmission into immediate
A CNCs is made up of A CNCs is made up of concentric layers of concentric layers of polyhedral closed graphitic sheetspolyhedral closed graphitic sheets, leaving a , leaving a nano-nano-scale cavity scale cavity in its center.in its center.
The size of the CNCs ranges from a few to The size of the CNCs ranges from a few to several several tens of nanometerstens of nanometers, roughly the same as the , roughly the same as the diameters of multiwall carbon nanotubes.diameters of multiwall carbon nanotubes.
It It cancan also also be filled with metal, transitional metals or be filled with metal, transitional metals or rare earth elementsrare earth elements to to exhibit unique photonic, exhibit unique photonic, magnetic and electrical properties magnetic and electrical properties and have and have molecular structures that can be readily molecular structures that can be readily functionalized for a variety of applicationsfunctionalized for a variety of applications
PropertiesProperties
Structure: Structure: Multi-Graphene LayersMulti-Graphene Layers Size: d = 10~60 nmSize: d = 10~60 nm Aspect ratio: 1~2Aspect ratio: 1~2 Thermal Stability (OThermal Stability (O22): ): >> 600ºC600ºC Dispersion: Easy, after surface functionalized Dispersion: Easy, after surface functionalized
(40mg/ml)(40mg/ml) Disperse in: both organic and water based Disperse in: both organic and water based
Thermal radiation is generated when heat from the Thermal radiation is generated when heat from the movement of charges in the material is converted to movement of charges in the material is converted to electromagnetic radiation.electromagnetic radiation.
No medium is necessary for radiation to occur, for it No medium is necessary for radiation to occur, for it is transferred by electromagnetic waves; radiation is transferred by electromagnetic waves; radiation takes place even in and through a perfect vacuumtakes place even in and through a perfect vacuum 。。
Since the amount of emitted radiation increases with Since the amount of emitted radiation increases with increasing temperature, a net transfer of energy from increasing temperature, a net transfer of energy from higher temperatures to lower temperatures results.higher temperatures to lower temperatures results.