Carbon Compounds. Carbon Compound Models R = A chain of carbons C – C = (C:C) The bond represents a pair of electrons shared between two carbons R 1 versus.

Carbon CompoundsCarbon

Compounds

Carbon Compound Models

R = A chain of carbons C – C = (C:C) The bond represents a pair of

electrons shared between two carbonsR1 versus R2 = 2 different carbon chains

Alkanes

Functional group:- A long chain of carbons and hydrogens

connected by single bonds (share 2 electrons)

Ending: ‘ane’

Alkenes

Functional group: - 2 carbons that share 4 electrons (2 electrons =

1 bond, 4 electrons = 2 bonds)

Ending: ‘ene’

Alkynes

Functional group:- 2 carbons share 6 electrons = have 3 bonds

Ending: ‘yne’

Organic Halides

Functional group- Halides = Family of elements with a -1 charge

(Cl, Br, F, I, At)- If any carbon contains one or more members

of the halide family it is an organic halide

Ending: Does not change. Shows up at the beginning chloro- fluoro- bromo-

Alcohols

Functional Group:- An OH on a carbon (Make sure it is not a

carboxylic acid)

Ending: ‘anol’

Ethers

Functional Group:- A carbon chain that is linked at one point with

an oxygen

Ending: ‘yl ether’

Carboxylic Acids

Functional group:- A double bonded oxygen on a carbon at the

end of a chain. Added to this carbon is an OH group.

Ending: ‘ic acid’

Aldehydes

Functional Group:- An oxygen that is double bonded to the

carbon on the end of a chain

Ending: ‘al’

Keytones

Functional group:- A double bonded oxygen that is not on the

end carbon (make sure it is not an ester)

Ending: ‘one’

Esters

Functional Group:- A carbon with a double bonded oxygen and a

single bonded oxygen on it.

Ending: ‘oate’

Amines

Functional Group:- A nitrogen found in a chain of carbons

Ending: ‘amine’

Amides

Functional groups:- A carbon with a nitrogen on it and a double

bonded oxygen.

Ending: ‘amide’

Aromatics

Functional groups:- A ring made up of 6 carbons. Every second

bond is a double bond.Ending: ‘ene’

Naming Chains

Step one single alkane chainsNumber of Carbons

Name

1 methane2 ethane3 propane4 butane5 pentane6 hexane7 heptane8 octane9 nonane

10 decane

Assignment

Crossword