1 CAPER Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) • At Distribution Level • Our Design Approach • TEAM MEMBERS : Johnson Ngocorai Alaa Aldalooj Bhargav Patel Kongmeeng Her Lawrence Cole (Project Lead) Project Mentors : Nabila BouSaba (Advisor) Dr. Sukumar Kamalasadan (Faculty Mentor) Lee Easter (Technical Advisor) Project Sponsor : Sherif Abdelrazek, Ph.D.
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CAPER Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
• At Distribution Level • Our Design Approach •
TEAM MEMBERS : Johnson Ngocorai Alaa Aldalooj Bhargav Patel Kongmeeng Her Lawrence Cole (Project Lead)
❖ Complete review of available distribution BESS chemistries and technologies for optimal technology selection
❖ Model BESS and PV system in CYME ❖ Evaluate performance of selected BESS ❖ Analyze the circuit efficiency with and without the BESS and PV system ❖ Find optimal location of BESS and PV system on the feeder
OBJECTIVE :
Design and find the optimum location for a 1 MW (2 MWh) BESS with 2 MW Solar facility within the feeder such that the value from the new Distributed Energy Resources is maximized.
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Battery Chemistries
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Battery Chemistries
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01 Objective and Scope
03 Optimal Placement of DER 02 Long Term Dynamics
04 Analysis
05 Future Plan
06 Conclusion
Table of Contents
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Model Structure and Devices Locations
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LTD Simulations for Various Combinations of Feeder Load and PV Active Power Profiles
● Heavy and light load profiles
● Clear and intermittent PV power profiles
● Find the most vulnerable locations as it pertains to over/under voltage
● Study aims to use outcomes as guidance in DER and BESS placement criterion
PV_ClearDay_1Day
PV_IntermittentDay_1
Day
PV_Real_Measurements_FullYear
Light_Load_1Day
Heavy_Load_1Day
Real_Measurements_Load_Full
Year
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LTD Results - Four Combinations - One Day Data Type
PV Load
C1 Clear-1Day Heavy-1Day
C2 Clear-1Day Light-1Day
C3 Intermittent-1Day Heavy-1Day
C4 Intermittent-1Day Light-1Day
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Long Term Dynamics Results (Feeder Voltage Profiles)
● No voltage violation throughout C1 through C4.
● Voltage drops more in case-1 and case-3 as Heavy Loads were used in both cases.
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Long Term Dynamics Results (Regulators Taps Operations)
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Long Term Dynamics Results C5 to C9 (Feeder Voltage Profile)
● Voltage profiles are within allowable limits.
● Voltage regulators are tapping accordingly for all loads types provided.
PV Load
C5 Clear-Full Year Real-Full Year
C6 Intermittent-Full Year Real-Full Year
C7 Real-Full Year Real-Full Year
C8 Real-Full Year Light-Full Year
C9 Real-Full Year Heavy-Full Year
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Long Term Dynamics Results C5 to C9 (Feeder Voltage Profile)
OLTC LReg1 LReg2 Total number of Taps
Case Taps-A Taps-B Taps-C Taps-A Taps-B Taps-C Taps-A Taps-B Taps-C
Key Factors ●Feeder’s furthest locations have voltage vulnerability ●Taps operations minimization ●Line losses reduction ●PCC over voltage due to reverse power flow ●Facility placed at the n number of tentative locations. ●Voltage Deviation Index (VDI) is calculated as follows:
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Tentative Locations for New DER Placement Criterion
System OLTC and line regulators
Shunt Capacitor
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01
03 Optimal Placement of DER 02 Long Term Dynamics
04 Analysis
05 Future Plan
06 Conclusion
Table of Contents
Objective and Scope
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Long Term Dynamics for 7 locations - C1 -Voltage Profiles
● There is a trade-off between optimal location as far as different evaluation indexes are concerned.
● Throughout the whole year, minimal losses are achieved when DER is placed at PCC2-2, PCC2-5 and PCC2-6.
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Probable Value Streams
Line Loss Reduction
Regulator Tap Operations Reduction
Voltage Profile Improvement
Energy Time Shift
Solar Hosting Capacity Increase
Probable Value
Streams
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Long Term Dynamics for 7 locations - C7 - Taps Operations & Power Losses
● Minimum line losses occur when the PV facility is placed at PCC2-2 ● PCC2-5 and PCC2-6 are next best locations to place DER
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Taps Operations and Power Losses Cost Savings
Taps
($0.07/tap) Line Losses
($0.10/kWh) Total Cost
PCC2-1 $1223 $48,541 $49,764
PCC2-2 $1160 $46,682 $47,841
PCC2-3 $1223 $48,410 $49,633
PCC2-4 $1220 $50,162 $51,381
PCC2-5 $1158 $48,681 $49,839
PCC2-6 $1159 $48,373 $49,532
PCC2-7 $1469 $59,297 $60,766
● The taps cost are calculated from the total taps in one year multiplied by the cost per tap
● Calculation results for the line loss cost is from the total line losses in one year multiplied by the cost per kWh
● As seen PCC2-2 would cost the least as it saves the most on line losses
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01 Objective and Scope
03 Optimal Placement of DER 02 Long Term Dynamics
04 Analysis
05 Future Plan
06 Conclusion
Table of Contents
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Future Plan
11-09-2017 CAPER
Conference
11-11-2017 Add BESS and
evaluate its performance at
the selected location
11-13-2017 Work on the Python script to ensure BESS performs
as desired
11-17-2017 Test the BESS and PV system
at all 7 locations to confirm the
optimal location
11-23-2017 Gather all
results and analyze and fix
any other issues
11-30-2017 Work on the
documentation and initial
report
12-3-2017 Create a Final
report with changes from the initial one
12/8/2017 Poster
Presentation and Prototype Demonstration
(EXPO) Preparation
12/9/2017 Final Report
and Comprehensive
Document Submission
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Conclusion
● An iterative criterion is implemented to select optimal place for an additional 2 MW PV facility (DER-2).
● It is more valuable to add DER at the downstream part of line regulator-2 as far as all evaluation indexes are concerned.
● Base on the monetary values, line loss reduction is the most valuable index, PCC2-2 should be considered as an optimal location for DER.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by CAPER and DUKE ENERGY
● UNCC CAPER 1 senior design team would like to acknowledge our sponsor, Duke Energy, and CAPER along with EPIC for their guidance throughout this project.
● A special thanks and acknowledgment to Muhammad Ahmed (Graduate Research Assistant) for his help with the CYME simulation software and giving constructive feedback.