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BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel
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BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Dec 21, 2015

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Page 1: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

BRICKSBy :

Aabha ParikhAmi Ponkia

Bhargav ParuthiNirav Suthar

Sagar B Patel

Page 2: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

INTRODUCTION A brick is a block or a single unit of a

ceramic material used in masonry construction. Typically bricks are stacked together or laid as brickwork using various kinds of mortar to hold the bricks together and make a permanent structure.

In the general sense, a "brick" is a standard-sized weight-bearing building unit.

Page 3: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

TYPES OF BRICKS MUD BRICK SUN BAKED BRICK PERFORATED BRICK PAVING BRICK MODULAR BRICK FLY ASH BRICK GLASS BRICK CLADING BRICK CONCRETE BRICK CALCIUM SILICATE BRICK

Page 4: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

MUD BRICKS SUN DRIED BRICKS

PERFORATED BRICKS PAVING BRICKS

Page 5: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

MODULAR BRICKSFLYASH BRICKS

GLASS BRICKS

Page 6: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

CLADING BRICKS

CONCRETE BRICKS

CALCIUM SILICATE BRICKS

Page 7: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Concrete Block Concrete Block is a rectangular brick

used in construction Concrete blocks are made from cast

concrete, usually sand and fine gravel for high-density blocks.

The size is usually about 3 ⁄ 8 in (9.5 mm) smaller to allow for mortar joints.

Page 8: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

COMPOSITION OF BRICK ALUMINIA SILICA LIME OXIDES OF IRON MAGNESIA

Page 9: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

PREPARATION PREPARATION OF CLAY MOULDING DRYING BAKING

Page 10: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

PREPARATION OF CLAYS

Page 11: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

MOULDING Rectangular boxes of wood or steel,

open from bottom and top. Steel moulds are more durable and used for manufacturing on large scale.

Page 12: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

WOODEN MOULDING

Page 13: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

DRYING

Page 14: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

BAKING

Page 15: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Colors of BricksColor Of Brick Constituents present in Clay

BlackManganeese and greater portion of iron

Bluish GreenWhen alkalies burnt at higher temperatures

Bright Red, Dark Blue or Purple

Large Amount of iron oxide

Brown Lime in excess

Cream Iron and little Lime

Red Iron in excess

White Pure clay

Yellow Iron and Magnesia

Page 16: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

TEST FOR BRICKS ABSORPTION TEST CRUSHING TEST HARDNESS PRESENCE OF SOLUBLE SALTS SHAPE AND SIZE SOUNDNESS

Page 17: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

ABSORPTION TEST

HARDNESS TEST

CRUSHING TEST

Page 18: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

PRESENCE OF SOLUBLE SALTS

SOUNDNESS TEST

SHAPE AND SIZE

Page 19: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

DIFFERENT SHAPES OF BRICKS

Page 20: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Types of BONDS

FLEMISH BOND STRETCHER BOND

Page 21: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

ENGLISH BOND

DENTAL DOG TOOTH IS A NICE AFFECT THAT CAN BE USED TO SPLIT LEVELS IN LARGE WALLS OR COULD JUST BE USED AS A FEATURE BELOW WINDOW OPENINGS

Page 22: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Face brick ("house brick") sizes, (alphabetical order)

Standard Imperial Metric

 Australia 9 × 4⅓ × 3 in 230 × 110 × 76 mm

 Denmark 9 × 4¼ × 2¼ in 228 × 108 × 54 mm

 Germany 9 × 4¼ × 2¾ in 240 × 115 × 71 mm

 India 9 × 4¼ × 2¾ in 228 × 107 × 69 mm

 Romania 9 × 4¼ × 2½ in 240 × 115 × 63 mm

 Russia 10 × 4¾ × 2½ in 250 × 120 × 65 mm

 South Africa 8¾ × 4 × 3 in 222 × 106 × 73 mm

 Sweden 10 × 4¾ × 2½ in 250 × 120 × 62 mm

 United Kingdom 8½ × 4 × 2½ in 215 × 102.5 × 65 mm

 United States 7⅝ × 3⅝ × 2¼ in 194 × 92 × 57 mm

Page 23: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

GRADES OF BRICK FIRST CLASS SECOND CLASS THIRD CLASS FOURTH CLASS

Page 24: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

FIRST CLASS BRICKS 1st class bricks

are the best quality of bricks all over India. they mainly range from Rs. 4000-4500 ( per 1000 bricks including shipping).

Page 25: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

SECOND CLASS BRICKS 2nd class bricks are

now widely used in metro cities . They are mainly used in the construction of FLATS where large quantity of the product is used. this product mainly range from Rs.3500-4000 (per 1000 bricks including shipping)

Page 26: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

THIRD CLASS BRICKS These bricks are slightly

under burnt or over burnt.• They are not uniform in shape, size and edges.• They shall not observe water more than 25% of their own dry weight after 24 hours, immersion in cold water.• They have some signs of efflorescence.

Page 27: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

FOURTH CLASS BRICKS The fourth class bricks are used as road

metal and as aggregates in the foundation concrete.

Page 28: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Characteristics of Brick-    Soft-    Porous-    Outer crust is harder and more dense than the inner material-    Fireproof-    Long life when properly maintained-    Low maintenance when properly laid-    Available in wide rage of colors and textures-    May be cast in decorative molds-    May be carved-    Bricks used during the 18th and 19th centuries were soft and    porous; They absorbed 20-25% of their weight in water (by the    end of the 19th century, 10% or less was considered the    accepted maximum).-    Soft, under burned bricks may absorb as much as 35% of their    weight in water; The absorbency factor is important to know    when comparing modern bricks with old ones.

Page 29: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Advantages1. Since shape and size of bricks are uniform, it do not need skilled labor for the construction.2. Bricks are light in weight and hence handling them is easy.3. Bricks are easily available around cities and their transportation cost is less because their weight is less. Stones are to be brought from quarries which are located only at few places.4. It is possible to use all types of mortar in brick masonry. For unimportant buildings even mud mortar can be used.5. Thinner walls can be constructed with bricks but it is not so with stones.6. It is easy to form openings for doors and windows.7. Dead load of brick masonry is less.8. In brick masonry mortar joints are thin and hence construction cost is reduced considerably.9. Brick masonry has better fire and weather resistance compared to stone masonry

Page 30: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Disadvantages1. Strength of brick masonry is less than that of stone masonry.2. Durability of brick masonry is less.3. Brick masonry needs plastering and plastered surface needs colour washing. Stone masonry don’t need them and hence maintenance cost is more in brick masonry.4. Brick masonry absorbs water and there are possibility of dampness. There is no such problem in stone masonry.5. More architectural effects can be given in stone masonry compared to that in brick masonry.6. Stone masonry gives massive appearance and hence monumental buildings are built in stone masonry.

Page 31: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

Factors affecting the strenght of brick

Preparation of clay and blending of ingredients.

Nature of moulding applied. Burning and baking processes Drying time and nature. Care taken during loading.

Harmful ingredients of Brick Salt Sand Gravel

Page 32: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

USAGE OF BRICKSBRICK AS STRUCTURAL ELEMENT

Page 33: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

BRICK AS SPANNING ELEMENT

Page 34: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

BRICK AS DECORATIVE ELEMENT

Page 35: BRICKS By : Aabha Parikh Ami Ponkia Bhargav Paruthi Nirav Suthar Sagar B Patel.

THE END