Top Banner
Chapter 2 Developing a Network Model Well begun is half done
19
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Chapter 2Developing a Network Model

Well begun is half done

Chapter 2Developing a Network Model

Well begun is half done

Page 2: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Desarrollo del Modelo de Red

• Desarrollar el modelo de Red es el paso más importante en el uso de una Red como herramienta de programación

• Un modelo mál preparado no sirve ningún propósito útil y puede poner en peligro el progreso de la construcción.

Page 3: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Pasos en la Construcción del Modelo de Red

• Defina las actividades; Ordene las actividades

• Establecer las relaciones de las actividades; dibuje el diagrama de Red

• Determine cantidades; asigne duración a actividades

• Asigne recursos y costos

• Calcule tiempos tempranos y tardíos de inicio/fin

• Calcule valores flotantes e identifique la ruta critica

• Hacer cronograma de tiempos de inicio/fin

Page 4: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Definición de Actividades

• Producción/Construcción

• Adquisiciones “Procurement”

• Administración “Management”

• Objetivo del Modelo

Page 5: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Pedido de Actividades

• Para cada actividad identificada, lo siguiente deberá ser determinado:– ¿Qué actividades la preceden?– ¿Qué actividad debe serguirla?– ¿Qué actividad es concurrente con ella?

Page 6: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Pedido de Actividades

Existen Restricciones en el Mundo real—y deben ser consideradas para que una Red sea útil

– Restricciones Físicas– Restricciones de recursos– Restriccions Productividad– Restricciones seguridad– Restricciones Financieras

– Restricciones Ambientales– Restricción Administrativas– Restricciones contractuales– Restricciones productividad– Restricciones de regulación

Page 7: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Pedido de Actividades

• La Introducción de excesivas restricciones en la lógica de la Red puede tener los siguientes imactos en un proyecto:– Reduce la flexibilidad de la programación– Alarga la duración del proyecto– Generalmente aumenta el costo del proyecto– Confunde la lógica de la programación básica

Page 8: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Bosquejo del diagrama de Red

• El diagrama de precedencia es un tipo de diagrama comunmente usado en los diagramas de Redes

• La mayoría del software usado en la actualidad para la programación sólo admite diagramas de precedencia

Page 9: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Bosquejo del Diagrama de Red

Ejemplo de un Diagrama de Precedencia para levantar un Muro de hormigon

El Diagrama de precedencia se “lee” de izquierda a derecha

Page 10: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Bosquejar el Diagrama de Red

Ejemplo de un Diagrama de Precedencia para una base de Concreto

Page 11: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Bosquejar un Diagrama de Red

• Las Actividades consumen tiempo, y los eventos simplemente ocurren en un punto en el tiempo

• EL punto en el tiempo en que una actividad puede iniciar se puede considerar un evento

• El punto en el tiempo o instante en el que se completa una actividad también se puede considerar un evento

Page 12: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Asignar Duracionesa las Actividades

• La duración de una actividad es el tiempo estimado que se requirirá para completarla – Tipicamente, en la construcción, la unidad de tiempo

es el día

• Se supone que el trabajo realizado sobre una base continua y uniforme – Dentro de la jornada de trabajo y la semana laboral

estándar

Page 13: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Asignar Duracionesa las Actividades

• Las Duraciones frecuentemente pueden directamente relacionarse a costos de labor estimados a las tareas

Estimaciones de Costos se pueden hacer como sigue:

Duración de la actividad se supone que es:

Page 14: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Una alternativa es usar data histórica

Data Cuantitativa de los proyectos actuales de la empresa en los que se ha compromentido

previamente

Asignación de Duracionesa las Actividades

Page 15: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

EL principal requisito para la asignación de recursos y costos a las actividades

individuales es una clara descripción de las relaciones de actividades del CPM y las unidades/fases de trabajo por el cual se

desarrolla la estimación

Asignación de Recursosy Costos

Page 16: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Cálcular tiempos Temprano/ tardío al Inicio/Final

• El tiempo de inicio tardío es el más reciente de una actividad, puede comenzar sin impactar de finalizacón

• EL tiempo de finalización temprana es la más temprana que se espera en una actividad para que se complete– El tiempo de terminación tardía es la última actividad

que puede ser completada.

Page 17: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Identificar el Camino Crítico

Si la actividad inicia más tarde que la fecha asignada, o tarda más en

completarse que el período señalado de finalización, la fecha de terminación se

extenderá por la misma cantidad de tiempo

Page 18: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Identificar el Camino Crítico

• Cuando una fecha de inicio de actividad se fija de esta manera, se dice que la actividad no tiene flotador

• Tales actividades se dice que son “críticas”– Significando que cualquier atrazo de la fecha de inicio

o finalización, extenderá la duración del proyecto

Page 19: Cap 02Construcción Del Modelo de Red J Hinze

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Construction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionConstruction Planning and Scheduling, Fourth EditionBy Jimmie W. HinzeBy Jimmie W. Hinze

© 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc © 2012, 2008, 2004, 1998 Pearson Higher Education, Inc Pearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OHPearson Prentice Hall - Upper Saddle River, NJ and Columbus, OH

Programación de actividades tiempos de Inicio/Fin

• La red y la información generada por cada una de las actividades serán de utilidad para la gestión para ejecutar los requisitos del proyecto

• Las decisiones de manejo giran en torno a la utilización de cualquier flexibilidad o flotan de las actividades que poseen