Canada’s Canada’s Aquatic Animal Health Aquatic Animal Health Program Program OIE Regional Commission for the Americas Ad hoc Aquatic Animal Health Working Group Panama City, January 17-18, 2006
Mar 27, 2015
Canada’s Canada’s Aquatic Animal HealthAquatic Animal Health
ProgramProgram
OIE Regional Commission for the AmericasAd hoc Aquatic Animal Health Working Group
Panama City, January 17-18, 2006
• Aquatic Animal Health History
• Canada’s Veterinary and Aquatic Animal Health
Structures
• Canada’s National Aquatic Animal Health Program
• Interaction with the Private Sector and Provinces
• Canada’s Aquatic Animal Health Situation
Presentation Outline
• > 35 yrs fish health research parallel to Canada’s salmonid aquaculture development
• > 60 yrs shellfish health research – Pacific and Atlantic (http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/sci/shelldis/title_e.htm)
• 1977 Fish Health Protection Regulations (FHPR)
• Fishery (General) Regulations – Section 56 – Live aquatic animal transfers (some provinces only)
Canada’s Aquatic Animal Health History
Veterinary Service Structure• Federal Role – Canadian Food Inspection Agency
– Office of the Chief Veterinary Officer– Regulatory programs for food safety; terrestrial and
aquatic animal health– Laboratory system for terrestrial animal health program
• Provinces– Offices of Provincial Veterinarians– Aquatic Animal Health Programs for regional diseases
• Private Veterinarians– Veterinary services to private industry
Canada’s Veterinary Colleges
Ontario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of Guelph Guelph, Ontario
Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetown, PEI
Western College of Veterinary Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversite de Montreal Succursale Centre-Ville Montreal, Quebec
Canada’s Aquatic Animal Health Program A Federal Partnership
Canadian Food Inspection Agency:Regulatory mandate – (inter alia) Lead for prevention of the introduction and spread of communicable diseases in CanadaExpertise - Veterinary & epidemiological based regulatory management of animal and plant diseases.
Fisheries & Oceans Canada: Regulatory mandate – Conservation of aquatic resources and aquaculture development Expertise – Research in aquatic animal disease identification, diagnostic techniques and introductions and transfer mitigative measures.
Aquatic Animal Health Aquatic Animal Health StructureStructure
Fisheries and Oceans Pêches et OcéansCanada Canada
Aquatic Animal Health (AAH) SciencesAquatic Animal Health (AAH) SciencesDirectorateDirectorate- - Lead diagnostic & research regulatory support programs for NAAHP- FHPR management pending new HAA regs.
- National Web Database- Coordination of SOPs; RA research- Advice to National I&T Code (health)- Trade & Regulatory technical advice
Aquaculture Management DirectorateAquaculture Management Directorate- - Aquaculture Framework Agreement (AFA)- National Introductions & Transfers Code
Animal Products DirectorateAnimal Products Directorate- - Program Leadership- Governance and Regulatory support- Import controls- Certification for trade- Disease control - contingency planning- Disease surveillance – Zoning- Risk analysis- International standards- Quality Assurance / Quality Control - Industry / province liaison
Federal – Provincial – IndustryFederal – Provincial – IndustryResponsibilitiesResponsibilities
Nationally Reportable DiseasesNationally Reportable Diseases ( (Federal lead)Federal lead)Responsible for reportable/exotic diseases posing significant threats to international or inter-provincial trade and/or aquatic resources; Notifiable List (subject to review)
Regional DiseasesRegional Diseases (Provincial lead) (Provincial lead)Responsible for endemic diseases posing significant risks for losses if not actively controlled
Production DiseasesProduction Diseases (Aquaculture Industry Mgt. lead) (Aquaculture Industry Mgt. lead)Responsible for management and biosecurity of infections managed via husbandry, therapy, circumvention
Regional
International
surveillance
qualitymanagement systems& intra-national controls
health certification
National
Canada’s National Diagnostic Laboratory System –Components and Organization
Pacific Biological Station
Freshwater Institute
Gulf FisheriesCenter
Charlottetown Aquatic Animal Pathogen
Biocontainment Laboratory
DFO OttawaCFIA
Interaction with Private Sector and Provinces
• Development of program changes require extensive consultation with industry and provinces
• Aquatic Animal Health Committee (18)– Canadian Food Inspection Agency– Fisheries and Oceans Canada– Canadian Veterinary Medical Association– Canadian Aquaculture Industry Association– Fisheries Council of Canada– Aboriginal Aquaculture Association– Provincial Regulatory Officials
• Working Groups on policy and regulation development
Canada’s Current Aquatic Animal Health StatusCanada’s Current Aquatic Animal Health StatusFinfishFinfish
• EHN negative• IHN positive – Pacific coast only• SVC negative• VHS North American marine strains only• CCV negative• VER Nodavirus positive; strains under investigation• IPN positive (managed under FHPR)• ISA positive (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia only)• EUS negative• BKD positive (managed under FHPR)• ESC negative• Piscirickettsiosis positive• Gyrodactylosis negative• RSBIV negative• WSIV negative
Canada’s Current Aquatic Animal Health StatusCanada’s Current Aquatic Animal Health StatusMolluscsMolluscs
• Bonamia ostreae positive – Pacific coast only• Bonamia exitiosa negative• Mikrocytos roughleyi negative• Haplosporidium nelsoni positive – Atlantic coast only• Marteilia refringens negative• Marteilia sydneyi negative• Mikrocytos mackini positive – Pacific coast only• Perkinsus marinus negative• Perkinsus olseni negative• Haplosporidium costale positive – Atlantic coast only• Xenohaliotis californiensis negative
Canada’s Current Aquatic Animal Health StatusCanada’s Current Aquatic Animal Health StatusCrustaceansCrustaceans
• Taura syndrome negative• White Spot disease negative• Yellowhead disease negative• Tetrahedral baculovirus negative• Spherical baculovirus negative• IHHNV negative• Crayfish plague positive (wild endemic) • Spawner isolated mortality negative
Conclusions
Application of OIE Aquatic Animal Health Standards
• Definition / scope of susceptible species in endemic waters- e.g., MSX; Bonamia
• Differentiation of pathogenic vs. non-pathogenic strains- e.g., VHS; ISA
• Sensitivity / specificity of targeted surveillance protocols in non-endemic species and environments (validation)- e.g., WSV
• Pathogen inactivation standards (disinfection)- All