Reactions of the urinary bladder of the cat 201 peripheral ends of the cut nervi erigentes causes a maximal isometric contraction. Adrenaline produces contraction, after a long latent period, similar to the isometric contraction. Acetylcholine produces a prompt contraction similar to the isometric contraction. Atropine abolishes the isometric contraction more readily than it destroys the isotonic rhythm. R eferences Barclay, A. E. and Franklin, K. J. 1937 J. Physiol . 90, 478. Barrington, F. J. F. 1914 Quart. J. Exp. Physiol. 8, 33. Elliott, T. R. 1907 J . Physiol. 35, 367. Evans, J. P. 1936 J. Physiol. 86, 396. Gruber, C. M. 1933 Physiol. Rev. 13, 497. Guyon, J. F. 1900 C.R. Soc. Biol., Paris , 52, 712. Langley, J. N. and Anderson, H. K. 1894 J- Physiol. 17, 177. McRea, E. D. and Macdonald, A. D. 1936 J . Physiol. 86, 20P. Mellanby, J. and Pratt, C. L. G. 1939 Proc. Roy. Soc. B, 127, 307. Moseley, R. L. 1936 Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol., N .Y ., 34, 728. Mosso, U. and Pellacani, E. 1882 Arch. Ital. Biol. 1, 97. Stella, G. 1934 J . Physiol. 82, 22P. Talaat, M. 1937 J. Physiol. 89, 1. Calcium and blood coagulation B y the late J. Mellanby , F.R.S., and C. L. G. P ratt From the University Laboratory of Physiology, Oxford (Received 28 August 1939) I ntroduction Green (1887) was the first to show that “ calcium sulphate is instrumental in bringing about coagulation when added to a plasma which shows little or no tendency to clot, and that coagulation in its absence is almost or quite prevented”. In 1890 Arthus and Pages extended these observations and prepared non-coagulable mammalian blood by the addition to it of 0*1 % potassium oxalate, or of 0*15% sodium fluoride. The part played by calcium in the coagulation of the blood has been the subject of many hypotheses. Pekelharing (1896) assumed that thrombase is a calcium compound of nucleoprotein (prothrombase*) and that the action of thrombase* consists in transferring calcium to fibrinogen and * The terms thrombase and prothrombase are here used for substances also known as thrombin and prothrombin. Downloaded from https://royalsocietypublishing.org/ on 26 July 2023
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