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1/28 I- giíi thiÖu vÒ tcvn vμ iso - Tiªu chuÈn lμ nh÷ng ®iÒu kho¶n, chØ tiªu kü thuËt ¸p dông cho mét (hoÆc mét nhãm) ®èi tîng nh»m ®¶m b¶o tho¶ m·n c¸c yªu cÇu ®· ®Ò ra. Ch¬ng 1 C¸c tiªu chuÈn c¬ b¶n vÒ tr×nh bμy b¶n vÏ - Tiªu chuÈn thêng do mét tæ chøc cã ®ñ kh¶ n¨ng vÒ chuyªn m«n, kü thuËt, nghiÖp vô so¹n th¶o vμ ®Ò xuÊt, sau ®ã ph¶i ®îc mét tæ chøc cÊp cao h¬n xÐt duyÖt vμ c«ng bè. - Mçi níc ®Òu cã hÖ thèng tiªu chuÈn riªng cña m×nh. - Mçi tiªu chuÈn ®Òu mang tÝnh ph¸p lý kü thuËt ; mäi c¸n bé kü thuËt ph¶i nghiªm tóc ¸p dông
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Cac tieu chuan co ban ve trinh bay ban ve.pdf

Oct 19, 2015

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Cac tieu chuan co ban ve trinh bay ban ve.pdf
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  • 1/28

    I- gii thiu v tcvn v iso

    - Tiu chun l nhng iu khon, ch tiu k thut p dng cho mt (hoc mt nhm) i tng nhm m bo tho mn cc yu cu ra.

    Chng 1

    Cc tiu chun c bn v trnh by bn v

    - Tiu chun thng do mt t chc c kh nng v chuyn mn, k thut, nghip v son tho v xut, sau phi c mt t chc cp cao hn xt duyt v cng b.

    - Mi nc u c h thng tiu chun ring ca mnh.

    - Mi tiu chun u mang tnh php l k thut ; mi cn b

    k thut phi nghim tc p dng

  • 2/28

    Tiu chun quc t ISO

    ( International Organization for Standardization )

    - Thnh lp t nm 1946

    - Pht trin mnh m v nhiu lnh vc

    - Vit Nam v ang tng bc p dng ISO trong mt s

    lnh vc.

    - Cc tiu chun u c nh k sot xt, b sung

  • 3/28

    II- kh giy: Mi bn v phi c v trn mt kh giy qui

    nh gi l kh bn v, l kch thc ca t giy sau khi xn.

    TCVN 2-74 quy nh nhng kh chnh trong ngnh c kh:

    Ngoi ra cn c kh ph v kh c bit, cu to t kh n v

    * ngha ca k hiu kh: Gm 2 con s. S th nht ch bi s

    cnh di 297,25mm ca kh n v; s th hai ch bi s cnh

    ngn 210.25mm. Tch ca 2 con s bng s lng ca kh n v

    cha trong kh giy .

    Kh A0 kch thc 1189 x 841 mm cn gi l kh 44

    Kh A1 kch thc 594 x 841 mm cn gi l kh 24

    Kh A2 kch thc 594 x 420 mm cn gi l kh 22

    Kh A3 kch thc 297 x 420 mm cn gi l kh 12

    Kh A4 kch thc 297 x 210 mm cn gi l kh 11 (Trong kh A4 c gi l kh n v)

  • 4/28

    525

    5

    5 Khung bn v

    Khung tn

    a- Khung bn v: V

    bng nt lin m v c

    k cch mp t giy

    5mm. Khi cn ng thnh

    tp th cnh tri ca

    khung bn v k cch

    mp tri t giy 25mm

    b- Khung tn: V bng nt lin m v c t gc phi,

    pha di ca bn v. Cnh di ca khung tn xc nh hng -

    ng bng ca bn v. C th t khung tn dc theo cnh di

    hoc cnh ngn ca kh giy, ring kh A4 phi t theo cnh

    ngn.

    1- khung bn v v khung tn: Mi bn v u phi

    c khung bn v v khung tn

  • 5/28

    A2

    A2 A3

    A4

    A4

    A3

    A3

    Cho php v chung trn mt t giy nhiu bn v nhng mi bn

    v phi c khung bn v v khung tn ring. Hng ca u con s

    kch thc l t di ln trn v t phi sang tri

  • 6/28

    * Khung tn dng trong nh trng c th dng mu sau:

    20 30 15

    25

    140

    88 3

    2

    88 (1) (2) (3)

    (4) (5) (6)(7)

    (8)(9)(10)

    (11)

    Ni dung ghi trong cc ca khung tn:

    (1)- Ngi v

    (2)- H v tn ngi v

    (3)- Ngy v

    (4)- Kim tra

    (5)- Ch k ngi kim tra

    (6)- Ngy hon thnh

    (7)- u bi tp hay tn gi chi tit

    (8)- Vt liu ca chi tit

    (9)- Tn trng, khoa, lp

    (10)- T l bn v

    (11)- K hiu bn v

  • 7/28

    III- t l :

    T l ca bn v l t s gia kch thc o c trn hnh biu din

    vi kch thc tng ng o c trn vt th

    Trong mt bn v k thut, cc hnh biu din phi v theo cc t

    l do TCVN 3-74 quy nh. C th:

    T l thu nh : 1:2 1:2,5 1:4 1:5 1:10 1:15 1:20

    T l phng to : 2:1 2,5:1 4:1 5:1 10:1 20:1 40:1

    T l nguyn hnh : 1:1

    K hiu t l c ghi dnh ring trong khung tn ca bn v

    v c vit theo kiu : 1:1 ; 1:2 ; 2:1 v.v Cn trong nhng tr-ng hp khc phi ghi theo kiu : TL 1:1 ; TL 1:2 ; TL 2:1 ...

    * Ch : D bn v v theo t l no th con s kch thc ghi

    trn bn v vn l gi tr thc, khng ph thuc vo t l.

  • 8/28

    IV- ch v s vit trn bn v

    Ch v s vit trn bn v phi r rng, chnh xc, khng gy

    nhm ln v c quy nh bi TCVN 6-85

    * Kh ch: L chiu cao h ca ch in hoa.

    C cc loi kh: 2,5 ; 3,5 ; 5 ; 7 ; 10 ; 14 ; 20 ; 28 ; 40 ; ... Cho

    php dng kh > 40 nhng khng c dng kh < 2,5.

    Kiu A: B dy nt ch = 1/14h (thng ng hoc nghing 750)

    Kiu B: B dy nt ch = 1/10h (thng ng hoc nghing 750)

    * C 2 kiu ch: Kiu A v kiu B.

    Kiu A Kiu B

  • 9/28

    Khong cch gia 2 t, 2 con s: 6/14h 6/10h

    Bc nh nht ca cc dng: 22/14h 17/10h

    B dy nt ch: 1/14h 1/10h

    Khong cch gia 2 ch, 2 ch s: 2/14h 2/10h

    Cc thng s ca ch c xc nh theo kh ch nh sau:

    Kiu A Kiu B

    Chiu cao ch thng 10/14h 7/10h

    ch hoa nghing

  • 10/28

    ch thng nghing

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

    s nghing

  • 11/28

    ch hoa ng

  • 12/28

    ch thng ng

    S ng

    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

  • 13/28

    V- ng nt

    Trn bn v k thut, cc hnh biu din ca vt th c to

    thnh bi nhiu loi ng c tnh cht khc nhau. phn bit,

    chng phi c v bng nhng loi nt v khc nhau, lm cho

    bn v thm sng sa v d c.

    C 9 loi nt v (c th hin qua cc th d trang sau)

    TCVN 0008-1993 quy nh tn gi, hnh dng, b dy v cng

    dng ca cc loi nt v nh sau:

  • 14/28

    Cch v v cng dng ca cc loi nt

    1- Nt lin m: v ng

    bao thy ca vt th; khung

    bn v; khung tn v.v

    S = 0.5 - 0.7

    2- Nt lin mnh: v ng

    dng, ng kch thc, ng

    gch mt ct v.v

    S/3

    3- Nt ln sng: V ng gii

    hn cc hnh biu din

    S/3

    4- Nt dch dc: V ng ct

    la di

    S/3

    5- Nt gch chm mnh:

    v ng trc, ng tm, ng

    chia ca bnh rng v.v

    S/3

  • 15/28

    6- Nt t: V ng bao khut

    ca vt th

    7- Nt ct: ch v tr ca mt

    phng ct

    8- Nt gch chm m: Ch dn

    cc b mt cn c x l ring (nhit

    luyn, ph, ho bn)

    9- Nt gch hai chm mnh: V tr

    u, cui ca cc chi tit chuyn ng;

    Phn chi tit nm trc mt phng ct v.v

    S/2

    1,5S

    S/2

    S/3

  • 16/28

    V d v cc nt v

    1- Nt lin m

    1

    5- Nt gch - chm mnh

    5

    2

    2- Nt linmnh

    3

    3- Nt ln sng

    4

    4- Nt dch dc

    6

    6- Nt t

    1200 A

    A 7

    7- Nt ct

    8 - 9 Xem trang sau

  • 17/28

    M Niken

    9

    8

    8- Nt gch - chm m

    - B dy ca mi loi nt v cn thng nht trong cng mt

    bn v

    * Mt s quy nh s dng cc loi nt v:

    9- Nt gch - hai chm mnh

  • 18/28

    Tm ng trn c xc nh bi giao

    im ca hai nt gch ( khng phi

    du chm).

    Cc nt gch chm hoc gch hai

    chm phi bt u v kt thc bng

    cc gch v k vt qu ng bao mt

    khong bng 3 n 5 mm.

    Tm ca l trn trn mt bch trn c xc nh bi 1 nt

    cung trn ng tm vi vng trn mt bch v 1 nt gch hng

    theo bn knh ca vng trn .

    Nhng ng trn c K 12mm

    (trn bn v), th ng tm v bng

    nt lin mnh.

  • 19/28

    VI- ghi kch thc trn bn v

    1- Nguyn tc chung:

    Kch thc ghi trn bn v l gi tr kch thc thc ca vt th, khng ph thuc vo t l bn v.

    Mi kch thc ch ghi mt ln, khng ghi lp li.

    n v o kch thc di l mm, trn bn v khng ghi n v. Trng hp dng cc n v khc phi c ghi ch r rng.

    n v o kch thc gc l , pht, giy.

    2- Cc thnh phn ca mt kch

    thc: Gm 4 thnh phn

    401

    2 3 4

    1- ng dng

    2- ng kch thc

    3- Mi tn

    4- Con s kch thc

    Khng ghi kch thc ng bao khut.Khng dng ng trc, ng tm lm ng kch thc

  • 20/28

    ng dng:

    L ng gii hn kch thc. c v bng nt lin mnh v c ko di t 2

    ng bao, 2 ng trc, 2 ng tm, c

    th gia 2 ng kthc khc. ab

    ng dng c v vt qu ng

    kch thc mt on t 3 n 5 mm

    v c k vung gc vi on cn

    ghi kch thc (Khi cn cho php k

    xin gc nh hnh v bn).

    ng kch thc:

    Biu th on c ghi kthc v c k song song vi on

    . N cng c v bng nt lin mnh v c vch gia 2 -

    ng dng, 2 ng trc, 2 ng tm, c th vch gia 2 ng

    bao hoc 2 ng kch thc khc.

  • 21/28

    45o

    Khi thay mi tn bng vch xin th ng kch thc

    cng v vt qu ng dng khong t 3 n 5 mm.

    Mi tn:

    a b c

    Mi tn c v hai u ng kch thc

    v chm vo ng dng. Hnh dng mi tn

    c th v nh hnh a (mi tn c) hoc hnh

    b (gc m 300)

    - ng kch gc l mt cung trn c tm trng vi nh gc.

    55

  • 22/28

    Cho php thay mi tn bng du

    chm hoc vch xin

    Mi tn c th v pha trong

    hoc pha ngoi ng dng, con s

    kthc cng c th vit bn ngoi

    hoc bn trong ( nu vit bn ngoi

    th phi vit v pha dng bn phi).

    Khng cho php bt k ng nt no

    ca bn v c v ct qua mi tn

    6

    Con s kch thc:

    Ch gi tr tht ca kch thc, n

    khng ph thuc vo t l bn v v

    c vit vi kh t 2.5 tr ln.

  • 23/28

    Chiu ca con s kch thc di ph thuc vo chiu

    nghing ca ng kch thc (xem hnh v). Nhng kch thc

    nm trong khu vc cm th con s kch thc c dng v vit

    ra ngoi, trn gi ngang.

    Chiu con s kch thc gc ph thuc vo chiu nghing ca ng vung gc

    vi phn gic ca gc .

    42

    Con s kthc gc nm trong khu vc cm bt buc phi dng v vit ra ngoi, trn gi ngang.

    Cho php vit trn gi ngang cho mi trng hp.

    30

  • 24/28

    3- Cc quy tc ghi kch thc:

    Kch thc ng knh: ng trn v cc cung trn > 1/2 ng

    trn th ghi kch thc ng knh. Trc con s ch gi tr ng knh

    c k hiu ; ng kch thc k qua tm hoc dng ra ngoi.

    80

    60

    >5

    40

    Kch thc di: Nu c nhiu kch

    thc song song nhau th kch thc nh

    t trong, kch thc ln t ra ngoi ;

    cc ng kch thc cch nhau 1

    khong > 5mm, lc con s kch th-

    c c vit so le cho d c.

  • 25/28

    C th dng mt mi tn ghi kch thc

    ng knh nhng ui mi tn phi ko qu

    tm mt khong 1/3 bn knh.

    50

    12

    40

  • 26/28

    Kch thc bn knh: Nhng cung trn 1/2 ng trn th ghi

    kthc bn knh. Trc con s ch

    gi tr bn knh c k hiu R, -

    ng kch thc k qua tm cung

    v ch c 1 mi tn.

    R5 R10

    Cu20

    Ghi kch thc mp vt:

    Khi gc vt bng 45o

    Kch thc hnh cu: Trc k hiu ng knh hay bn knh cu

    c ghi ch Cu hoc k hiu

    Khi gc vt khc 45o

  • 27/28

    Ghi kch thc cnh hnh vung: C th ghi bng hai cch nh hnh di (k hiu c l vung)

    40x40 40

    4l10

    Ghi kch thc cc phn t ging

    nhau: Nu c nhiu phn t ging

    nhau v phn b c qui lut th ch

    ghi kch thc mt phn t km theo

    s lng cc phn t.

  • 28/28

    Ghi kch thc theo chun 0 : Nu cc kch thc lin tip

    nhau xut pht t mt chun chung th chn chun chung

    ghi kch thc (chun 0). Chun c xc nh bng mt chm

    m; cc ng kch thc ch c mt mi tn; con s kch thc -

    c vit u ng dng.

    55

    115

    85

    0

    20