C901.V3.PT.2012.02.24.0.0.0 PPT-1 Welcome to the International Right of Way Association’s Course 901 Engineering Plan Development and Application.

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Welcome to the International Right of Way

Association’s

Course 901Engineering Plan

Development and Application

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Introductions

Who you are. . .

What you do . . .

Where you work . . .

How long . . .

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Objectives• Identify and Use Plan Information

• Understand Engineering Terms

• Use Engineering Tools

• Explain Plans

• Apply Principles to Your Work

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Schedule• Follow Participant’s Manual

8:00 – 8:30 Introductions, etc.8:30 – 2:45 Use of Engineering Plans

and Plan Development

2:45 – 3:45 Other Plans and Maps3:45 – 4:15 Summary and Review4:15 – 5:00 Exam

Engineering Plans

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• Graphic Language

➢ Lines

➢ Graphs

➢ Charts

➢ Symbols

Right of Way Plans used by:

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• Appraiser

• Negotiator

• Attorney

• Engineer/Surveyor

Value Property

Explain detailsAcquire Property

Present in CourtLegal Documents

Design & Construct

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Three View ConceptTop View

Side View

End View

Plan View

Profile View

Cross Section

Length and Width

Height and Length

Width and Height

Gives 3 Dimensional Picture Of Project

Each View is Perpendicular to Others

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Plan View (Top View)

• Existing Features - Dashed Line• Proposed Construction - Solid Line

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• Property Information

• Drawn to Scale

Plan View (Top View)

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Engineers Scale

Inches divided into multiples of 10 per inch

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Architects Scale

Divides feet into inches and fractions

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Three Norths - Geographic True North

- Datum North- Magnetic North

North Arrow - Orientation of Plan

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• Centerline - Control Line

➢ Horizontal Direction of Project

➢ Deflection Angle Changes - Delta ()

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Compass Bearings

• Four Cardinal (Main) Directions

➢ “N” , “E”, “S”, & “W”

• Quadrants (90°)

➢ “NE” , “SE”, “SW”, & “NW”

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Compass Bearings Shows Direction of Centerline or Property line

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Stations• Marked in 100’, 100 m or 1000 m Intervals

• Intermediate Points Called “+” (Plus)

• Directions: “BK”, “AH”, “LT”, “RT”

• Always Numbered Positive

• Used for Reference and Location

POB, Sta 20+00 Scale: 1” = 500’

N23

°-15

’E

1962

’N81°-45’E2126’

PISta 39+62

Sta 60+88

20+00=2000

3962+2126

3962

+1962

60+88

81°-45’ -23°-15’

6088

= 58°-30’, Rt

58° -30’

= 58°-30’

39+62

N

Exercise #1 - Utility Centerline

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Station Equations/Equalities

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• Used When Stations Not Continuous

• Point has Two or More Station Numbers

Calculating Correct Distance Between Stations

➢ Add Individual Segment Lengths

➢ One Back and One Ahead

Station Equations

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CL

R/W

R/W

NEW HIGHWAY

Highway & Railway Curves

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T - Tangent - Straight Section of Centerline

PI - Point of Intersection

- Delta Angle - Deflection Angle

T

T

PI

Simple Curve

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PC - Point of Curvature

PT - Point of Tangency

L - Length of Curve

R - RadiusR

PTPCPI

POC - Point on Curve

POT - Point on Tangent

POCPOT

L

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Two Curves, Adjacent, Opposite Directions

PRC - Point of Reverse Curvature

Has 2 PIs

Reverse Curve

PRC

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Two Curves, Adjacent, Same Direction

PCC - Point of Compound Curvature

Different Radii

Compound Curve

PCC

Spiral Curve

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Spiral on Each End of a Simple Curve

TS - Tangent to Spiral SC - Spiral to Curve

CS - Curve to Spiral ST - Spiral to Tangent

Constantly Changing Radius

Degree of Curvature

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• Measured 100’ Along Centerline• Angle at center of arc

100’

D

Degree of Curvature-D

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➢ Small D - Large Radius

• Examples:

➢ Large D - Small Radius

➢ 10° Curve Radius = 572.96’

• Indicates Flatness/Sharpness of Curve

➢ 1° Curve Radius = 5,729.58’

Exercise #2 – Highway Centerline

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PI: 3962-T = - 802PC = 3160

PC: 3160+ L = +1463

PT: 4623

Sta 31+60

Sta 46+23

PI: 3962+ T = +802PT = 4764Sta 47+64

(1463’)

46+23

Offsets

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• Perpendicular Distance Right or Left of Centerline

➢ Locate any Point off Centerline

➢ Use Radial Line on Curve

14+00 21+00

65’ Lt, Sta 14+50

90’ Rt, Sta 21+00LENGTH =

(155

’)

(650’)

6502 + 1552 = 668.2’

PL

Contours

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•Lines of Equal Elevation

•Shows Shape and Slope of Land

•Interval - Elevation Difference•Between Contour Lines

Contours

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➢ Close Lines = Steep Slope

• Contours Point Upstream

• Relative Spacing of Lines Indicates Slope

Contours

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1. Map Scale? 1” =

2. Contour Interval:

3. Sidewalk Width:

4. Elevation Difference:

5. Ball Rolls:

6. In Flood Plain:

7. Elevation:

8.Equation: Saratoga = Bridge St

9. Saratoga St. R/W:

10: Bridge St. R/W:

Exercise #3 - Contours

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50’

1’

8’

1.2’

South

238 & 240

9+9 5

60’

60’

863

0+00

State Plane Coordinate System

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• Survey Control - Latitude & Longitude Converted to Coordinates

• Establishes Precise Location

• Four Datums:

• Zones - Depends on Size & Shape of State

➢ Two Horizontal – NAD 27 & NAD 83

➢ Two Vertical – NGVD 29 & NAVD 88

State Plane Coordinate System

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• Point Identified by Two Coordinates

• Vertical Control Surveys Establish Elevations

• Advantages:

“➢ X” is “Easting”

“➢ Y” is “Northing”

➢ Excellent Control over Large Areas

➢ Accurate Locations

Exercise #4 – State Plane Coords

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1. PI Curve GV-2: a. Station __________ Offset _______ b. N ____________ E ___________

2. Drill Hole B1: a. Station __________ Offset _______ b. N ____________ E ___________

3. Telephone Pole “TEL-25”: a. Station __________ Offset _______ b. N ____________ E ___________

21+89.46 7’ Lt10,152.824 5,473.141

21+53

24+53 5’ Lt10,210 5,733

44’ Lt10,177 5,428

Exercise #4 – State Plane Coords

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4. PL Intersection with R/W line: a. Station __________ Offset _______ b. N ____________ E ___________

21+53

5. BM “A-267”: a. Station __________ Offset _______ b. N ____________ E ___________

10,089 5,453

24+86 28’ Lt10,240 5,761

47’ Rt

Profile View

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• Side View – (Length & Height)

• Stations & Elevations on Centerline Only

➢ Existing – Dashed Line ➢ Proposed – Solid Line

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Profile View

• Horizontal Scale same as Plan View• Vertical Scale exaggerated for Clarity• Datum - Reference Elevation• Bench Marks - Known Location & Elevation

Profile View - Pipeline

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Profile View - Overhead Line

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Profile View - Highway

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Profile Grade Line/Point

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• Profile Grade Line - Stations & Final Elevations on Centerline

• Profile Grade Point - Centerline Elevation at Specific Station

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Profile Grade Line

• Percent Grade - Rise (+) or Fall (-) ➢ % = 100 V/H

V = Change in Elevation

H = Horizontal Distance in Feet

Vertical Highway Curve

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• Parabolic Curves ➢ Sag or Crest

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Vertical Highway Curve

• PVT - Point of Vertical Tangent• Length = PVT - PVC

• PVI - Point of Vertical Intersection• PVC - Point of Vertical Curve

Highway Plan – Profile Sheet

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➢ Provides Two Dimensional View

Exercise #5 – Vertical Curves

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1. Percent Grade:

2. 600’ Curve: PVC: ______ PVT: _______

3. 400’ Curve: PVC: ______ PVT: ______

4. Cut or Fill @: 11+00: _____ 25+00:______

5. Datum:_________________

100(19.5)/(650)=

18+50

24+00

12’ F 4’ C

Mean Sea Level

- 3.0%

20+00

12+50

Utility Typical Cross-Section

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Overhead Line (H frame)Typical Section

Highway Typical Cross-Section

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Highway Cross-Section

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• Perpendicular to Centerline

• Shows Construction Details

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• In Ahead Direction

• Existing and Proposed Elevations at Specific Station

• Right (RT) and Left (LT) of Centerline

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• Shows Cut and/or Fill

• Profile Grade Point from Profile

• Construction Limits

• Slope Ratio

Superelevation

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• Counters Centrifugal Force

• Sloping Pavement Surface

Exercise #6 – Highway Cross-Section

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1. Station 2. P G P Elevation 3. Pavement Width 4. Shoulder Width

29+50827.524’

8’ Lt, 10’ Rt

Exercise #6 – Highway Cross-Section

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5. Fill on Centerline 7.5’

6. Side Slope Ratio

7. Construction Limit

8. Min Cover

3:1 Lt, 2:1 Rt

33’ Lt, 32’ Rt

3’ Lt, 3.5’ Rt

9. Ditch Elevation 822.5 Lt, 822 Rt

Highway Cross-Sections

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Several Sections per Sheet

Read from Bottom to Top of Sheet

Shows Excavation (Cut)

or Embankment (Fill)

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Right of Way Plans

Right of Way Plans

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• Multipurpose Land Map

• Property Boundaries, Areas and Rights Existing and to be Acquired

• Establish R/W Limits and Points of Ingress and Egress

• Map of Record

Right of Way Plans

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• Ownership Index Contains: ➢ Parcel Numbers & Names ➢ Areas of Acquisition and Remainders

➢ Deed Data

• Topography - Ground Features & Improvements

• Political Boundaries

• Survey Data & Centerline with Stations

Exercise #7 – Right of Way Plans

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1. Scale of Drawing: 1” =

2. New Bridge Length:

3. Affected Property Owners:

4. a. Ellis

b. Wendell

c. Lowe

d. Lowe

20’

102.60’

6

73 Temp. Construction Easement

67 Right of Way

68 Right of Way 68 Permanent Drainage Easement


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5. Culvert Through:

6. Distance to Basic Creek:

7. P. D. E. Area:

8. Garage to New Pavement:

9. Driveway Width:

10. Distance Between Poles:

Lowe

74’

1830 SF

101’

20’

215’


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11. Sta. Rte 81 = Sta. Basic Creek

12. What Happens to “A 267”:

13. Basic Creek Separates:

25+23.35

Removed

Lowe & WilliamsWurtz & Criss

17+06.10

Aerial Photogrammetry

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• Measurement by Photographs

• Combine With Ground Control Points

• Drawings Can be Prepared to Desired Scale

• Easier to Understand Than Regular Plans


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• Photos Used by:

➢ Surveyors - Property Lines, Size & Shape of Parcel

➢ Appraisers - Land Use & Indicates Access

➢ Negotiators - Explain to Owner

➢ Attorney - Present Details in Court


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• Photos Used for:

➢ Route & Site Location

➢ Public Hearings

➢ Property Inventory

➢ Tax Maps & Land Use

➢ Mining & Forestry

➢ Military

Types of Aerial Photographs

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• Vertical (perpendicular to the earth’s surface)

• Oblique (at an angle to the earth’s surface)

• Ground (taken at ground level)

• High Altitude (by aircraft or satellite)


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• Government:

➢ US Geological Survey

➢ www.usgs.gov

• Private Contracts

Summary:Engineering Plan Development

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• Three View Concept

• State Plane Coordinates

• Right of Way Plans

➢ Plan, Profile, Cross-Section

• Aerial Photography

Review Objectives

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• Read and interpret engineering plansand nomenclature (terms)

• Use tools to plot information to scale

• Be able to explain plans

• Apply principles of interpreting engineeringdrawings to work activities

Finally, The End!Woo-Hoo!

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