Bustanul Arifin Andi Mukhtar Tahir Irwan Priyanto.

Bustanul ArifinAndi Mukhtar Tahir

Irwan Priyanto

The Preliminary Analysis of Spectral Radiance Design of IR Bolometer Sensor for Wild Fire Detection in Indonesia

IntroductionMethodologyDiscussionConclusion & Future

Work

CONTENT

Indonesia’s Geographic

other wide-

spread natural features

Tropical Forest,

Peat land, etc

Active Volcanoes

IR Microbolometer inside Lapan’s A4 Microsat

TWO FACTORS

TIR’s Mission

Wild Fire

Volcano

LST

SST

INDONESIA’s HOT SPOT AND WILD FIRE2010 - 2013

Back

Indentify possibility mission using IR Bolometer.

Crosschecked with disasters data happened in Indonesia

Identify potential users that are possible mainly for wildfire

Spectral radiance analysis based on Planck’s Law (whether both wavelengths 4 µm and

11 µm can detect wildfire ?)

Calculate Temperature relation between temperature and radiance, fraction burn area and BT, fraction and temperature, pixel size

and BT and temperature difference

Feasibility result for wavelengths 4 µm and 11 µm

Proses Design of the spectral radiance of LAPAN A4's Microbolometer

Potential Users•The National Agency Disaster Management (BNPB)•Ministry of forestry•Ministry of Agriculture •Ministry for Environment•Indonesian National Police•Indonesian National Army (TNI)

TIR FOR WILDFIRE

Why 4 & 11 ??

0.1 1.3 2.5 3.7 4.9 6.1 7.3 8.5 9.7 10.912.113.314.50.00E+00

1.00E+01

2.00E+01

3.00E+01

4.00E+01

5.00E+01

6.00E+01

300k6000k270K973 K1100K250K

Wavelength (micron)

Radiance

Sun light

Fire

Land

Cloud

11um is suitable for estimate ground temperature

4µm Sun and Earth radiance are low Radiance from fire can be visible

Spectral Radiance for all possible missions

Temperature vs Radiance

210

300

390

480

570

660

750

840

930

1020

1110

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

4micron11micron

Temperature

Radiance

Combination of 4µm & 11µm

210

270

330

390

450

510

570

630

690

750

810

870

930

990

1050

1110

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

4micron11micron

For <320K, radiance of 4µm is quite weak, 11µm should be used.

Fraction Burn Area vs BT

0 20 40 60 80 100 1200

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

percentage of burn-ing area 4micropercentage 11 micro

BT

FRACTION

WILD FIRE

This graph represents Mixcel of 1000K burn area and 300K unburn area. 4 micron Brightness Temperature (BT) higher in every fraction but 1% fraction 11 micron considerable

FRACTION Vs TEMPERATURE

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5300

310

320

330

340

350

360

370

380

390

400

percentage of burn-ing area 4micropercentage 11 micro

Using HgCdTe sensor, 0.01% burning pixel can be detected (+10K)

Using bolometer, >320K can be observed with 4 umThis corresponds to 0.05%. We need pixel size with1/5 area (300m px)

Using 11um bolometer back ground pixel vary in 5 K 0.2% burning pixel can be detected as fire (1/20 pixel area required200m)

Pixel Size vs BT vs Temp Diff

BT

Pixel Size

Temp Difference

WILD FIRE

CONSIDERABLE USE 11 MICRON 200 meter

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200300.0

310.0

320.0

330.0

340.0

350.0

360.0

370.0

380.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

411Dt

200m is least resolution for fire detection with 11 um

400m is least resolution for fire detection with 4 um

Least temperature 4um micro bolometer can observe

If we utilize temperature difference between 4um and 11um, we can neglect the back ground temperature variation.

Back

In order to detect wildfire 4 m wavelength has strong signal, instead of 11 m band. However, the 4 m band generally is not available today, and its lens needs special order. Meanwhile, the 11 m wavelength is available already and the price is not expensive. Therefore, we conclude that 4 m is the best wavelength to detect wild fire, and it is needed to complement the existing spectral, 11m. Although 4 micron is very expensive recently, it will be possible in the future

Future Work11 µm 4 µm 4 µm-11 µm

Good Available alreadyInexpensive

Strong signal Stable background Temperature difference

Bad Weak signal Not available todayLens is special order

Both 4 µm & 11 µm needed

Other Low temperature can be observed SST and other

SST also available

Volcano will be the next target of our analysis.Moreover, to estimate LST or SST , we need absolute values of 11 µm, However, 8-12 µm (UNIFORM) sensor include much absorption, so we suggest to have a 11 µm and 12 µm filter to avoid the absorption.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

TERIMA KASIH

bus_ar @ yahoo.combustanul @ lapan.go.id

bustanul.arifin8 @ gmail.com