Business-Perspectives Study for Lung Diseases Diagnosis Application Tjahjono Djatmiko, Ria Lestari Moedomo, M. Sukrisno Mardiyanto, Munawar Ahmad, Bachti.

Business-Perspectives Study for Business-Perspectives Study for Lung Diseases Diagnosis Lung Diseases Diagnosis Application Application

Tjahjono Djatmiko Tjahjono Djatmiko , , Ria LestariRia Lestari Moedomo Moedomo, , M. Sukrisno Mardiyanto, M. Sukrisno Mardiyanto, Munawar AhmaMunawar Ahmad, d, Bachti AlisjahbanaBachti Alisjahbana

Telkom Institute of ManagementTelkom Institute of Management

School of Electrical Engineering and School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Triple Helix International Conference 2012 Triple Helix International Conference 2012 School of Business and ManagementSchool of Business and Management

Institut Teknologi BandungInstitut Teknologi Bandung

1. 1. Research ObjectiveResearch Objective

This research describes the business perspective study of The Lung Diseases Diagnosis Application:

(A) Application overview

(B) Preliminary feasibility study

(B.1) Legal aspect

(B.2) Management and resources aspect

(B.3) Technology aspect

(B.4) Marketing aspect

(B.5) Environmental aspect

The financial aspect, including the invesment and return-on-investment aspect is not within the scope of this first business research

2.2. Application Overview Application Overview

This application was inspired by Auscultation, which is the paramedics/doctors’ skill for listening to the internal sounds of the body, usually using a stethoscope; based on the Latin verb auscultare "to listen".

The act of listening to body sounds for diagnostic purposes has its origin further back in history, possibly as early as Ancient Egypt. Auscultation term was introduced by René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laënnec.

Auscultation is a skill that requires substantial clinical experience, a fine stethoscope and good listening skills [8]. By listening to the lung sound, we would know what type of lung sound occurs such as: crackles, wheezes, stidor, rhonchi, etc. and identified which part of lung needs further investigation/treatment.

2.2. Application Overview: Process Flow (1) Application Overview: Process Flow (1)

From research [18]-[21], the process flow of the lung disease diagnosis application is depicted in the following Fig.1:

Fig. 1 The process flow of the lung disease diagnosis application

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2. 2. Application Overview: Process Flow (2)Application Overview: Process Flow (2)

The lung/respiratory disease diagnosis process flow is as follows:(1) Upon a lung diseases suspect report, the paramedic would come to the

remote/rural area and do the diagnosis. The breath sound is recorded by a handphone with a sensitive microphone and voice recording.

(2) The breath-sound file is sent the central server.

(3) The breath sound file is processed and classified into the lung sound and the trachea/upper-respiratory sound.

(4) After these frequencies has been obtained, both the lung sound and trachea/upper-respiratory sound frequencies are stored into the central server, to be analyzed and compared with the lung-sound and upper-respiratory-sound database from past patients. The software would diagnose whether the suspect is infected the respiratory diseases or not from the lung-sound and upper-respiratory-sound diagnosis.

(5) The diagnosis result is sent back to the paramedic’s cellular phone for immediate curative actions.

22.. Application Overview : Frequency comparisonApplication Overview : Frequency comparison

Fig. 2 Sound-frequency comparison process 

3.3.1Feasibility Study: Legal Aspect1Feasibility Study: Legal Aspect

The legal feasibility study investigates all the information sources which inspired this research and learn about the legal consequences with these information sources. The first source is about auscultation, which was studied from various sources in internet, including [10a] and [10]. These first references discusses about the auscultation only, by using stethoscope, as the primary and the only way to diagnose the lung sounds. Other reference [7] discusses about the principle of how to record the human breath-sound and tranform it into lung-sound utilizing mobile phones. This reference gives knowledge to alternate the stethoscope with sound recording system, however the scope of this research is only for asthma diagnosis.There is another computer-based application developed by research firm STAR Analytical Services [23], which diagnoses respiratory illnes by analyzing coughs, and will be developed into mobile-phone version as well. However this application analyzes coughs only, while our application analyze breath sounds which hopefully would give a broader range of diseases and a more accurate result. Because all of these references and information are public domain and accessible through internet, there is no legal obligation pursued for our research and application development.

3.3.2 Feasibility Study: Management and resources 2 Feasibility Study: Management and resources aspectaspect

1st users layer 2nd users layer

3rd users layer

Central Hospital with Specialists/Doctors who assists diagnosis of the lung diseases

Paramedics/Doctors who examines Patients

Patients/suspects with lung diseases symptomps

Application software to assist in:-Breath sound frequency analysis-Breath sound frequency separation-Breath sound frequency pattern matching and comparison

Application business model

Fig. 3 Application business model  

3.3.2 Feasibility Study: Management and resources 2 Feasibility Study: Management and resources aspectaspect

The management of application service provisioning

STEI ITB reseach teamResponsibility: Research and developement of the application (research and application owner)

Telkom Institute of Management teamResponsibility:-Business research -Application service provisioning

Fig. 4 Partnership scheme  

3.3.3 Feasibility Study: Technological aspect3 Feasibility Study: Technological aspect

Study of existing lung diagnostic tools:No Method Benefits Drawbacks

1 Auscultation Simple yet long-life and proven method Requires direct contact with the patients and can not applied when patients are remote from paramedics/doctors/hospitals. Also depends heavily on the listening skill and judgement of the paramedics/doctors alone, therefore bias could exist.

2 Bronchoscopy Sight observation directly to the internal patient body, therefore any infection can be seen

Requires direct contact with the patients, and insertion of bronchoscope equipment into patients’ airways could cause discomfort, usually this is for an advanced diagnosis.

3 Chest CT scan Accurate diagnosis by sight observation of lung and overall respiratory system

Requires high cost investment.

4 Chest x ray Accurate diagnosis by sight observation of lungs

Requires high cost in investment, and special laboratory to keep the equipment

5 Routine sputum culture Quite fast and low-cost diagnosis method, requires 2-3 days time only.

Quite accurate, however this diagnosis requires specific test in a laboratorium, and requires patient’s sputum transportation to the nearest hospital/puskesmas.

3.3.3 Feasibility Study: Technological aspect3 Feasibility Study: Technological aspect

Study of available and most suitable telecommunication platform (1)The implementation would be conducted in CDMA infrastructure for several

reasons:• CDMA infrastructure allows mobility and offers good quality of data and

voice infrastructure. PT. Telkom’s infrastructure for CDMA, Telkom Flexi coverage has reached to overall Indonesia including rural area

• There are several middle-end handphone with sophisticated voice recording has already been implemented in CDMA infrastructure such as:(1) ZTE Blade N880 (2) Huawei Ideos U8150(3) IVIO DE-88 Plus

These handphones have been equipped with Qualcomm MSM- 7277 chipset which offers excellent voice recording capability, with embedded, and if required add-on microphone with sensitiviity of 98 dB + 3 dB at 1 Khz. • CDMA operational cost is affordable, therefore it is suitable to send high

volume of breath-sound recording and sound frequency image data.

Study of available and most suitable telecommunication platform (2)Telkom CDMA Infrastucture, Telkom Flexi, provides 2 ways of data communication:

• PDN: communication media to gateway internet utilizing Packet Data Network (PDN) access through Telkom Flexi network. Dial-up access is supported by CDMA 2000-1x with data speed of 153,6 Kbps.

• Flexi Mobile Broadband: utilizing EVDO (Evolution Data Only/Optimized) with data speed of 3.1 Mbps. The coverage of Telkom Flexi EVDO in Indonesia is in the following map:

3.3.3 Feasibility Study: Technological aspect3 Feasibility Study: Technological aspect

3.3.4 Feasibility Study: Marketing aspect4 Feasibility Study: Marketing aspect

The marketing feasibility study briefly describes about this application’s target market, which is the 1st users layer, from Fig.3 (Application business model), including:

(1) Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat Kota Bandung (Council of Public Lung Health in Bandung). This council is also the main user who will be within the research and development team(2) Hospitals(3) Puskesmas(4) Red Cross council(5) Registered council/group of doctors/paramedics

3.3.5 Feasibility Study: Environmental aspect5 Feasibility Study: Environmental aspect

The environmental feasibility study is about the business and operational environment of this application. Because there will be a partnership between School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (STEI ITB) as the research and application owner, and Telkom Institute of Management as business researcher and application service provisioner, then all the application service provisioning will be based on Telkom infrastructure and platform. With this scheme, consequently, all the 1st, 2nd and 3nd users layers (in Fig. 3) will utilize application services hopefully provided by STEI ITB, Telkom Institute of Management and PT. Telkom

44. Conclusion. Conclusions and Further Business Studys and Further Business Study

This business perspective study has been conducted to obtain a different point of view from global and business point of view. This paper has described some preliminary feasibility study: legal aspect, environmental aspect, marketing aspect, technology aspect, management and resources aspect.

Further study would include the financial feasibility study and a more detailed feasibility studies.  

55. Reference. Referencess

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11. Easy Auscultation website, http://www.easyauscultation.com/

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21. Ria Lestari, Munawar Ahmad, Bachti Alisjahbana, Tjahjono Djatmiko. The Lung Diseases Diagnosis Software: Influenza and Tuberculosis Case Studies in Cloud Computing environment, International Conference on Cloud Computing and Social Networking 2012, School of Informatics and Electrical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, April 2012, 26-27 April 2012.

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66. Acknowledgement. Acknowledgement

Sincere thank you to Triple Helix Committee who has kindly given opportunity for this research paper

7. Thank.You7. Thank.You

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