Bristol Shopping INTRODUCTION
Bristol ShoppingINTRODUCTION
Bristol city centre is the
commercial, cultural and business
centre of Bristol,England
Bristol’s shopping has developed
through time from the 1900’s to
present day
1900’s- Broadmead and Fairfax
Street
In the 1900’s, shopping in Bristol
started as just one street between
Broadmead and Fairfax street
This street contained shops for
everyone’s basic needs
Some of these shops are:
Woolworths
Boots
Lewis’s
Millet’s
1991- The Galleries
The Galleries , is a shopping
mall situated in the Broadmead
shopping centre in Bristol City
centre, England. Functioning as
one of the city's retail malls, it is a
three-storey building, which spans
over Fairfax Street, where buildings
used to include a large
Woolworths and Millets, across to
the former site of Fairfax House
where the Galleries car park now
stands.
1998- Cribbs Causeway
Cribbs Causeway is a road
in South Gloucestershire, England,
just north of Bristol, which has given
its name to the surrounding area,
a large out-of-town shopping
centre, including retail parks and
an enclosed shopping centre
known as The Mall
The Mall comprises 130 shops on
two levels, although some of the
large stores occupy more levels.
Major stores include anchors John
Lewis and Marks & Spencer
plus BHS, Boots, H&M, Next, River
Island and Topshop/Topman.
2008- Cabots Circus
Cabot Circus is a shopping centre
in Bristol, England. It is adjacent to
Broadmead, a shopping district
in Bristol city centre. The Cabot
Circus development area contains
shops, offices, a cinema, hotel
and 250 apartments.
It opened in September 2008, after
a ten-year planning and building
project costing £500 million
Why has shopping changed in
Bristol?
Bristol’s shopping had changed
over time due to the council
wanting to redevelop the city
centre and to attract new
shoppers, businesses and tourists.
Brings hundreds of new jobs,
makes the city look more
attractive, helps the culture of
Bristol, helps the economy
A changing distribution
and complex consumer
landscapes
GROUP 1 – LAUREN, FRANKIE AND FINLEY
Pattern of Shops and Services
Shop distribution depends on accessibility
Where consumers come from -catchment area.
Shops and services have to make a profit
Pyramid of hierarchy now and then
A Changing Distribution
Have a more complex distribution of shops
Car parking problems in city centres
Distribution of shopping has changed
Complex Consumer Landscapes
Consumer landscape has become very complex.
Petrol stations now sell food and superstores now sell petrol.
Areas have changed in order to suit consumer demand.
Shopping malls have now been built on the edge of cities and further into the countryside
This change has now effected the distribution of older shops
Markets and car boot sales
GROUP 2
IMOGEN, ELEANOR AND
CHELSIE
What are car boot sales? Car boots are where groups of people join
together to sell unwanted items
For example, Cheddar is a popular car boot
location because it’s a central point for all of the
surrounding area to join together
People bring tables and set up their tables to
display what they have to sell to hopefully find a
buyer.
Markets and car boot salesAnother change has been in the growth of farmers’ markets, often
set up for a few days inside a big local shopping centre.
This has become popular because many people are concerned
about the environmental effects of shopping and how their food
has been produced, and where it has come from.
Car boot sales on farmers fields are another way in which people
can buy and sell goods.
Why do people go to car
boot sales? People go to car boot sales to grab a bargain and beat the
high street prices, with the prices in shops rising the best option
is to visit markets and car boots. Car boots are an easy way to
pick up and sell almost anything you want.
Not only is a day at the car boot a good social to meet with
other people with similar interests, it is also one of the best ways
to get rid of unwanted items. You’re almost guaranteed to find
something you like!
AdvantagesGood way of getting rid of unwanted items
A lot of opportunities to sell
Cheaper than retail prices
Can find unusual items that might not be in
shops Meeting new people
Good experience for the future (Buying, Selling & Pricing)
DisadvantagesFake items being sold as real branded items
Not guaranteed to find what you’re looking
for
Not as popular now due to internet shopping
You don’t fully know the quality of the items
Growth in car bootsCar boot sales have become more popular because more
people want to see if they can beat the high street prices,
also people can sell their unwanted items and maybe grab
something unusual too.
Car boots are a great way of finding antiques and very
unusual items that can’t be found in the high street.
Car boot sales are getting busier so they are under-cutting
legitimate businesses.
Closing Post
Offices BY TOM AND ZOE…….. GROUP 3
Post Offices
Post Offices are a very important service
Post Office is also a business:
Forced to close when they don’t make any profit
Not needed for money handling-people use internet or banks instead
Many small shops rely on their Post Office part of the business to bring in customers
Closures
Number of POs almost halved over past 30 years-numbers have been stable over past few years
Post Office Ltd separated from Royal Mail Group Ltd, 1st April 2012
7,000 POs closed between 1984 and 2007-dropping numbers from 22,000 to 13,500 nationally
In 2007 government planned to close 2,500 more
11,696 nationally at the end of 2014
We are
here
Key
Small post
office :
Depot :
With only 6
post offices
under the post
code BS40.
compared to
a greater
London post
code witch
turned up 18
hits this shows
that post
offices in rural
village
communities
are dying out .
Why do they close?
Government say: closures are part of recent ‘transformation’
Branches can’t earn enough profit
Can’t be funded
2003- Benefits Books scrapped, lose 40% branch revenue
Post Office loses services-right to provide TV licences, stamps available to print online (2006)
Postmasters retire-no one to fill jobs
Effects Although statistically very accessible many left without access-
especially elderly
Many POs now operate within shops(local shops, WHSmith) , rather than individual branches- can only provide basic services
Remaining branches ‘left to survive as best they can’
Post Office spokesman told Financial Mail: ‘We are undertaking the biggest business transformation programme in the history of the Post Office.
‘No plans to help Post Offices after 2015’ – Sian Jones, Communication Workers Union
‘If no retail partner is found, we are committed to maintaining a Crown post office in the area.’ – Post Office spokesman
Quotes-Financial
Mail on Sunday
CLONE TOWN SHOPS
BY ARCHIE, SAM AND TASHI
Clone town shops are the same national chains, shops and cafes.
They are now in most UK towns and cities
This takes away from the individual character of each town and
gives them the name ‘clone towns’.
Bristol is just the same
with a marks and
spencer ,carphone
warehouse and boots.
Positives and negatives
Negatives:Chain stores are driving out small shops in towns across the UK.
Four out of 10 of the nation's high streets are clone towns.
A lot of towns look the same and could be mistaken for each other.
Since 2ooo,about 2000 small local shops have closed in the UK.
Positives:Some people enjoy the choice of goods and competitive prices
offered by chain stores.
A lot of towns can be visited with people knowing they will have a
shop they like.
How has this effected Bristol?
With bigger supermarkets becoming increasingly more common
people are stopping using the big malls in Bristol as they have what
they need closer by causing shops in Bristol to go bust
However when the smaller shops in Bristol go bust they build newer
more exiting, and modern shops that steal business from towns like
wells and Keynsham.
Small Business
BattlesBY LOUIS, FIN AND LIV
Where are the shops going?
Small shops closing down at a rate of 2000 per year.
Big shopping chains taking a large percentage of the peoples
shopping money.
There are 278,600 shops in the UK.
Half of the shops are owned by small businesses.
One chain store has over 30% of all grocery sales in the UK.
Since 2000 about 2000 small businesses and shops have been
closed down.
Shop battles
Other small shops are being closed down because of competing
smaller businesses.
Charity shops have to pay less tax than other smaller businesses.
Some charity shops gives the owners a lot of profit.
Smaller shops are constantly competing with the larger chains.
103,000 shops employ less than 5 people.
Save the high-street!
Many campaigns have been tried to save the high-street.
Mary ‘Queen of Shops’ Portas.
BY GROUP 6
The amount of people shopping
online
From surveys the UK is spending more online per person than any of
the other major countries.
One in four Britons make an internet purchase every week.
58% said it was "easier“ to shop online than to go and buy what they
need from stores.
In 2013, more than £91 billion was spent online and that figure is
expected to surpass £100 billion this year.
95 percent of British people are now buying goods from the
internet.
Growth of eBay and amazon
Sites such as eBay and amazon are cheaper.
More convenient as you do not have to disrupt daily routine; instead
it gets sent to your house/ billing address.
No busy shops
No queues
Guaranteed to get what you want, no chance of the store being
out of stock.
You can buy goods from other countries with ease.
postage and packaging is usually free.
It is a lot easier to find what you are looking for.
Why are more people starting to use sites such as eBay and amazon?
Etailing – the
impact
on the high street(Etailing = online shopping)
Since the firs ever online shop was set up in 1992, the internet was the high street’s most dangerous rival. Throughout the 1990s, online shopping grew bigger, more convenient and more popular among an international shopping community.
However, with the growth and improvement of these etailing sites, fewer people used the nearest high street to do the shopping, threatening many small businesses exclusive to the high street, and even larger ones that didn’t evolve quick enough to sustain their economy (and example of this would be WoolWorths in the UK, who were beaten mainly by their online copy Amazon, in 2009).
Alternatively, many shops, especially
clothes retailers, were able to transition
from the high street and onto the
internet. This insured that, though Amazon and eBay are more widely used,
catalogues such as Next and
supermarkets like Tesco, have been able
to stay in business, avoiding a
Woolworths disaster and putting over
27,000 people out of work.
Ethical shoppingGROUP 7. BY SAM, ALICE & EMILY
Introduction
Positive buying is favouring ethical products, be they fair trade,
organic or cruelty free. This option is arguably the most important
since it directly supports expanding companies.
Negative purchasing means avoiding products you disapprove of
such as battery eggs or polluting cars.
Company-based purchasing involves targeting a business as a
whole. For example, the Nestlé boycott targets all its brands and
companies in a bid to force the company to change its marketing
of baby milk formula in the Third World.
Why shop ethically?
Globalisation affects everyone and there is nothing wrong with
trading goods and services, however this can reduce the power of
local communities, increasing the divide between rich and poor, driving our ever increasing use of natural resources, reducing
biodiversity and even significantly reducing the basic protections of
animals.
Multinational corporations continue to replace hundreds of
thousands of small businesses, shopkeepers and farmers that
traditionally make most economic activity and employment.
Clothing
There are many websites supporting fair trade and ethical clothing
such as People Tree and the Ethical Superstore.
Facts & Figures
British shoppers are three times more likely to choose
environmentally friendly products than they were in 2011, despite
the squeeze on their incomes.
According to Nielsen's survey of 29,000 people in 58 countries on the
internet. 43% of UK participants said they were changing their
behaviour compared with six in 10 globally and 55% in France and
52% in Germany, the nearest major economies.
Charts
This graph shows
that how the UK
has improved in
some areas of
ethical shopping
and some areas
where it hasn’t.
This is a graph
that shows
there has
been an
increase in
everything
except
organic and
farmers
markets
between 2005
to 2011.
Superstores(GROUP 8)
The First Superstore(s)
The first superstore in the UK was opened in 1964, in Nottinghamshire.
It had 50 departments, including a pharmacy, sports goods, records, a restaurant, toys, a hairdresser, shoe repairs and carpets.
Its stock and shop fittings were reportedly worth £700,000 - a huge figure at the time.
At a time when most Britons did their shopping in the local grocer, and memories of wartime rationing were fresh, this huge vision of consumer abundance symbolised a new era of modern affluence to many.
4 years later, Tesco opened their first superstore in West Sussex under owner Jack Cohen : the era of superstores had begun.
The Growth of Tesco
Tesco PLC is now the largest British retail company, and is a chain of international supermarkets.
It is the fourth largest retailer in the overall list of retailers. Wal-Mart of the United States, Carrefour from France and The Home Depot of United States are the top three retail companies in the world. Tesco's market worth is estimated to be around 29.090 billion pounds as in October 2006.
Initially it started specializing in food, but later broadened in the fields of clothes, electronic goods, customer related financial services and they even ventured into the field of selling and renting DVDs.
Advantages of Superstores
Economies of scale occur when the output of the business increases at a faster pace than costs. Superstores enjoy benefits due to their size.
Larger retailers can afford to employ specialized persons to deal with sales, purchasing, financing and marketing, amongst others. With persons dedicated full time to their specialized role, efficiency would be affected positively, leading to higher profits and bigger expansion.
Home delivery to customers
Everything is supplied in one place, saving effort to go to lots of separate shops.
Offer plenty of jobs
Disadvantages of Superstores
Less ability to offer personal service to customers
Superstores use land that could be used for residential etc,.
When superstores enter local areas, they drive smaller stores out of
business and prevent new ones from opening, and also cause
smaller businesses to lose customers.
ConclusionNAOMI BULL
Queen’s Road
THIS IS QUEEN’S ROAD IN CLIFTON. 3
DECADES AGO, IT WAS DOMINATED BY
BANKS, DEPARTMENT STORES AND
SPECIALIST ELECTRICAL STORES. THIS PART OF BRISTOL’S WEST END WAS ONCE THE
‘JEWEL’ OF THE CITY’S RETAIL INDUSTRY.
IT IS A GREAT DEMONSTRATION OF HOW
SHOPPING HAS CHANGED IN BRISTOL
OVER THE YEARS.
Present day
NOWADAYS, AFTER OUT-OF-TOWN
SHOPPING CENTRES HAVE EMERGED, THE
DEPARTMENT STORES AND HIGHER CLASS SHOPS HAVE RELOCATED TO PLACES LIKE
CABOT CIRCUS AND CRIBBS CAUSEWAY
IN ORDER TO MAXIMISE THEIR CUSTOMER
INTAKE AND PROFIT. THIS HAS LEFT
QUEEN’S ROAD LITTERED WITH BUDGET
SUPERMARKETS, COFFEE SHOPS AND
BARS.
The ConsequencesTHE CHANGING FACE OF BRISTOL’S RETAIL HABITS HAS LEFT MOST CITY
CENTRES FULL OF CHAIN FOOD AND DRINK RESTAURANTS,
SUPERMARKETS AND CHARITY SHOPS. QUEEN’S ROAD NOW HAS OVER
20 PLACES TO BUY COFFEE, BUT NO POST OFFICES, FURNITURE STORES OR RECOGNISED CLOTHES SHOPS. EVERY SINGLE ONE HAS
RELOCATED, AS THE FORMER HUB OF RETAIL NOW DOESN’T ATTRACT
THE RIGHT SORT OF CUSTOMERS.
CABOT CIRCUS WAS DEVELOPED IN 2008 IN ORDER TO REMODEL BRISTOL CITY CENTRE AND ATTRACT SHOPPERS BACK INTO THE AREA.
THERE ARE NOW 140 DIFFERENT STORES ALL IN ONE PLACE, SO UNLESS
YOU WANT SOMETHING VERY SPECIFIC, THERE IS NO NEED TO VENTURE
OUT INTO THE REST OF THE CITY.
What This Means
for Bristol
BECAUSE OF ALL THESE NEW, INCLUSIVE SHOPPING CENTRES AND RETAIL PARKS, SMALLER INDIVIDUAL SPECIALISED STORES ARE GOING TO CLOSE.WITH LARGER STORES TAKING ON SALES OF GOODS SUCH AS WASHING MACHINES, ELECTRICAL ITEMS AND CLOTHING LINES, PEOPLE NO LONGER CARE ABOUT BUYING FROM AN EXPERIENCED AND SPECIALISED RETAILER. IF THE CENTRE OF THE CITY IS NOT DEVELOPED INTO A MORE ACCESSIBLE AND DESIRABLE AREA, PEOPLE’S BUSINESSES WILL BE FORCED TO SHUT OR RELOCATE TO MORE POPULATED RETAIL PARKS. THIS WILL LEAVE BRISTOL’S CENTRE AS AN UNDESIRABLE PLACE TO BE.