Bob Broz and Dan Downing University of Missouri Extension University of Missouri Extension Water Quality Program (573)‐882‐0085
Bob Broz and Dan Downing University of Missouri Extension University of Missouri Extension
Water Quality Program (573)‐882‐0085
ContentContent
In this training we will: Discuss the value of water resources Introduce the concept of a watershed Provide an overview of watersheds and Missouri Hydrologic Units Hydrologic Units
Discuss cause and affect of activities affecting water quality
Examine the value of watershed planning Suggest how to identify partners and resources to assist i l i d i l t tiin planning and implementation
Definitions Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC)
Classification System; More digits = smaller area
Watershed or Basin The land area that drains to a common waterway, such as a stream
or a lake
Point Source One clearly identified source Regulations prescribe limitations on their discharge
Nonpoint Source (NPS) Nonpoint Source (NPS) A source that cannot be defined to originating from one,
discrete point.M i h l i l ib Many times there are multiple contributors
Work to address nonpoint sources is voluntary
The Value of Water and the WatershedThe Value of Water and the Watershed All of us depend on clean, abundant water; it affects our health industry commerce recreation etchealth, industry, commerce, recreation, etc. 66% of Missouri citizens use surface water for main water source and 34% use ground water for their main water source.T l di i d i i Mi i i l d Two leading industries in Missouri are agriculture and tourism – highly dependent on clean, abundant water
So what does this have to do with why watersheds matter? Healthy, protected watersheds can ensure clean, abundant water for drinking, irrigation, industrial processes, and recreation. The condition of a watershed directly affects the yquality and quantity of water in a lake, river, stream or wetland.
What is a Watershed?What is a Watershed?
The land area that drains to a common The land area that drains to a common waterway, such as a stream or a lake
E li i h d! W i h li i i • Everyone lives in a watershed! We might live in a community or in a rural area, but you’re always in a watershed.
• All of our activities affect our watershed and impact our All of our activities affect our watershed and impact our valuable water resources.
• The term watershed and basin are often used synonymously.
• Watersheds come in different sizes...
A watershed can be large, such as the Mississippi River
watershed
A watershed can be small. There are 66 HUC‐8 watersheds in Missouri. At the HUC‐12 size there are the HUC 12 size, there are nearly 2,000.
Watershed CharacteristicsThe Lower Missouri‐Moreau River watershed has a drainage area of 3,400 square miles (2.176 million acres) and contains portions of 14 counties. The watershed is largely rural and non‐point source contributors are The watershed is largely rural and non point source contributors are relevant to the overall health of the watershed. Grassland is approximately 36%, cropland 17%, Forest 37% and developed land is 7%.
There are seventeen different water bodies in the watershed that are on h M DNR (d) li f i i d the MoDNR 303 (d) list of impaired waters. Eight of these are for bacteria levels, four for low dissolved oxygen and four others for Mercury in fish ytissue. One water body (Cedar Creek) is listed as unknown sources.
Watershed Characteristics There are some basic watershed characteristics that can help us identify sensitive areas
Information can help us see trends that may lead to impacts trends that may lead to impacts on our water resources
Geology & soil type Geography & slopes Climate and rainfall Climate and rainfall Land use Land cover
T f i d t Types of industry Population (growing/shrinking)
C W h d SCommon Watershed Stressors Point sources Point sources Activities that directly discharge to water
Nonpoint sourcesNonpoint sources Sediment Nutrients Bacteria Pesticides other
Population growth can lead to more urban areas, which leads to more stormwater runoffleads to more stormwater runoff
New industry can change the demands on water supply
Cause and Effect Just listing potential watershed stressors may not give us a clear picture of what they cause.
S il i h bi l Soil erosion – habitat loss Nutrient runoff /fertilizer – algae growth and low DO Organics in water can mean soil plant materials etc Organics in water – can mean soil, plant materials, etc. May be caused by soil erosion and nutrient loading
Algae blooms/Blue Green Algae – partially caused by excessive nutrients and suspended sediment
Low DO – caused by not enough shade, too much algae, etc etc.
Cause and Effect (con’t) Once we have identified possible pollution sources we need to identify practical solutions that help minimize the impact. the impact. Inventory the human resources available Identify who are the people that can provide technical,
d i l d fi i l educational and financial support Agency, watershed groups, local citizens, etc.
Find resources to develop solutions for areas of concernp Identify the practice(s) to reduce the potential pollution source NRCS MDC SWCD Ext County/city stormwater etc NRCS, MDC, SWCD, Ext, County/city stormwater, etc.
Pl i t th W t h d L lPlanning at the Watershed Level
Examples of local community plans Source Water Protection Plan Source Water Protection Plan Stormwater Plan Nutrient Management Plan Nutrient Management Plan Conservation Plan Emergency Management Plan Emergency Management Plan Human Services Transit Plan Etc.
Many of these plans are voluntary and need local input and collaboration for need local input and collaboration for development.
The Power of Partnerships andThe Power of Partnerships and Local Participation for Watershed Planning
Partnerships‐ individuals and groupsPartnerships individuals and groups working together around a common
lgoal or purpose To what extent are the partnerships you are To what extent are the partnerships you are currently involved with complementing or assisting your organization as it strives to fulfill its purpose?
Examples of partners we see within the watershed: A t Agency partners
Watershed groups Industry and local businessIndustry and local business Interested citizens Others
Types of Partnerships Cooperation – main partnership focus is to share information
Coordination – resource commitments (time, personnel, funds, facilities)
Collaboration – sharing and creating new d l i t ti resources, developing strong connections
All require high levels of communication All require high levels of communication
Collaborative Partnerships To establish common ground for sound strategic watershed To establish common ground for sound strategic watershed planning and management efforts
To contribute input in to the decision‐making processes
To strengthen the implementation process
To be eligible for state/federal fundingTo be eligible for state/federal funding
To follow recommended guidance
l h l l To comply with new legislative requirements
To respond to federal/state mandates
To address conflict over specific issues
Who are your partners/neighbors? Everyone that lives, works and recreates in the watershed: Land owners Land owners Renters Residents Absentee landowners Non‐residents Businesses/industry Businesses/industry Everyone that is affected is part of the watershed community.
Others
GROUND RULES APPLY TO EVERYONE All opinions are valued
Participants listen respectfully
Everyone is equal
Everyone is invited to contribute to the discussions and i iinteractions
No one dominates discussion
f l d d b Respectful disagreement is OK, and may be necessary to move ahead
Focus on the common ground Focus on the common ground.
State and Local Partners Examples of different groups and agencies currently working to address
dconcerns and protect water resources. Ameren Electric and other electric coops Army Corps of Engineers Department of Agriculture Conservation Health and Senior Services and Department of Agriculture, Conservation, Health and Senior Services, and
Natural Resources Environmental Groups Environmental Protection Agency and United States Department of Ag Fish and Wildlife Service Industry – Syngenta Corp, Cargill, Dupont, George’s, Tyson, etc. Natural Resource Conservation Service NGO’s Farm Bureau Corn Growers Cattleman’s poultry etc NGOs ‐ Farm Bureau, Corn Growers, Cattlemans, poultry, etc. Private Citizens Regional Planning Commissions Soil and Water Conservation District Universities and Colleges, Extension, Ag Research Service Watershed groups Others
Successful Watershed Planning Should be a voluntary approach Involves the different interest in the watershed Incorporates local input Needs local buy‐in to make it successful Changes as new information becomes available or as implementation occurs
I f l l l id t t it t b Is as successful as local residents want it to be
Questions????B b B d D D i Bob Broz and Dan Downing 205 Agriculture Engineering Columbia Missouri Columbia, Missouri (573) 882‐0085 E‐mail: E mail: