-
Occupational Wage Survey
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
DECEMBER 1960
Bulletin N o . 1285-25
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORArthur J . Goldberg,
Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner
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Occupational Wage Survey
TRENTON, NEW JERSEY
D EC EM B ER 1960
Bulletin No. 1285-25February 1961
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORArthur J . Goldberg,
Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner
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Preface
T h e C o m m u n it y W a g e S u r v e y P r o g r a m
T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s r e g u l a
r l y c o n d u c t s a r e a w id e w a g e s u r v e y s in a n u
m b e r o f im p o r t a n t in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s . T h
e s t u d ie s , m a d e f r o m la t e f a l l to e a r l y s p r
in g , r e la t e to o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s a n d r
e la t e d s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s . A p r e l i m
i n a r y r e p o r t i s a v a i la b le o n c o m p le t i o n o
f the s tu d y in e a c h a r e a , u s u a l ly in the m o n th f
o l l o w in g the p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d . T h is
b u l le t in p r o v id e s a d d it io n a l d a ta n o t in c lu
d e d in th e e a r l i e r r e p o r t . A c o n s o l id a t e d
a n a ly t i c a l b u l l e t in s u m m a r iz in g th e r e s u
l t s o f a l l o f the y e a r 's s u r v e y s i s i s s u e d a
f t e r c o m p le t i o n o f the f in a l a r e a b u l le t in f
o r the c u r r e n t r o u n d o f s u r v e y s .
T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's r
e g io n a l o f f i c e in N e w Y o r k , N . Y . , b y E l l i o
t t A . B r o w a r , u n d e r the d i r e c t i o n o f F r e d e
r i c k W . M u e l l e r , A s s i s t a n t R e g io n a l D i r
e c t o r f o r W a g e s a n d I n d u s t r ia l R e la t i o n s
.
Contents
P a g e
I n t r o d u c t io n
_______________________________________________________________________
1
T a b le s :
1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s an d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o
p e o f s u r v e y ___________ 2
A : O c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s : *A - 1. O f f i c e
o c c u p a t io n s ____________________________________A - 2 . P
r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t i o n s
_________A - 3 . M a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e r p la n t o c c
u p a t io n s ______A - 4 . C u s t o d ia l a n d m a t e r ia l
m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ________ 8
B : E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d s u p p le
m e n t a r y w a g ep r o v i s i o n s : *
B - 1 . S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s
______________________________________________ 9B - 2 . M in im u m
e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e
w o r k e r s
__________________________________________________________ 10B -3 .
S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s
______________________________________ 11B - 4 . P a id h o l id a
y s __________________________________________________ 12B - 5 . P
a id v a c a t i o n s
__________________________________________________ 13B - 6 . H e a
lth , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s
_____________________ 15
A p p e n d ix : O c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s
_______________________________________ 17
* N O T E : S im i la r t a b u la t io n s f o r th e s e an d
o t h e r i t e m s a r e a v a i la b le in the T r e n t o n a r
e a r e p o r t f o r M a r c h 1 9 5 2 . A d i r e c t o r y in d
ic a t in g d a te o f s tu d y an d th e p r i c e o f th is r e p
o r t , a s w e l l a s o f r e p o r t s f o r o t h e r m a jo r
a r e a s , i s a v a i la b le u p o n r e q u e s t .
U n io n s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a i l in g p
a y l e v e l s in the T r e n t o n a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a
i la b le f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d b u i ld in g t r a d e s
.
-j o
^
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Occupational Wage SurveyTrenton, N. J.
Introduction
This area is one of several important industrial centers in
which the U. S. Department of Laborfs Bureau of Labor Statistics
has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage
benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by
personal visits of Bureau field econom ists to representative
establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing;
transportation ,1communication, and other public utilities;
wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate;
and serv ices . M ajor in dustry groups excluded from these studies
are government operations and the construction and extractive
industries. Establishments having few er than a prescribed number
of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient
employment in the occupations studied to w arrant inclusion. W
herever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the
broad industry divisions.
These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the
unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishments. To
obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion
of large than of sm all establishments is studied. In combining the
data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate
weight. Estimates based on the establishments studied are
presented, therefore, as r e lating to all establishments in the
industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum
size studied.
O c c u p a t io n s a n d E a r n in g s
The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of
manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational c la s
sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed
to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within
the same job. (See appendix fo r listing of these descrip tions.)
Earnings data are presented (in the A -se r ie s tables) for the
following types of occupations: (a) Office clerica l; (b)
professional and technical; (c) m aintenance and powerplant; and
(d) custodial and m aterial movement.
Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for fu
ll-tim e w orkers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly
schedule in the given occupational classification . Earnings data
exclude premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends,
holidays, and
1 Railroads, form erly excluded from the scope of these studies,
were included in all of the areas studied since July 1959, except
Baltim ore, Buffalo, Cleveland, and Seattle. Railroads are now
included in the scope of all labor-m arket wage surveys.
late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but c o s
t -o f- living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where
weekly hours are reported, as for office c lerica l occupations,
reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half
hour) for which straight-tim e salaries are paid; average weekly
earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest
half dollar.
Average earnings of men and women are presented separately for
selected occupations in which both sexes are comm only employed. D
ifferences in pay levels of men and women in these occupations are
largely due to (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes
among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific
duties p e r form ed, although the occupations are appropriately
classified within the same survey job description; and (3)
differences in length of se rv ice or m erit review when individual
salaries are adjusted on this basis. Longer average serv ice of men
would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed
within the same rate range. Job descriptions used in classifying
employees in these surveys are usually m ore generalized than those
used in individual establishments to allow for m inor differences
among establishments in specific duties perform ed.
Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all
establishments within the scope of the study and not the number
actually surveyed. Because o f differences in occupational
structure among establishments, the estimates of occupational
employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve
only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These
differences in o ccu pational structure do not m aterially affect
the accuracy of the earnings data.
Establishment P ractices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Information is presented also (in the B -ser ies tables) on s e
lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they r
e late to office and plant w orkers. The term "o ffice w orkers, "
as used in this bulletin, includes working supervisors and
nonsupervisory workers perform ing clerica l or related functions,
and excludes administrative, executive, and professional personnel.
"Plant w orkers" include working forem en and all nonsupervisory
workers (including lead- men and trainees) engaged in nonoffice
functions. Adm inistrative, executive, and professional em ployees,
and force-account construction em ployees who are utilized as a
separate work force are excluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen
are excluded in manufacturing industries, but are included as plant
workers in nonmanufacturing industries.
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2Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and
number studied in Trenton, N. J. , l by major industry division,2
December I960
Industry division
Minimum employment in establish
ments in scope of study
Number of establishments Workers in establishments
Within scope of
study 3Studied
Within scope of study Studied
Total4 Office Plant Total4
All divisions
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50 170 76 42, 500 5, 900 30, 200 29, 820
Manufacturing
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
50 111 48 32, 200 3, 900 23, 800 22, 590Nonmanufacturing
--------------------------------------------------------------------
50 59 28 10, 300 2, 000 6, 400 7, 230
Transportation, communication, and otherpublic utilities 5
--------------------------------------------------------------- 50
9 8 4, 000 700 2, 700 3, 930
Wholesale trade
------------------------------------------------------------------
50 7 2 400 (6) (6) 100Retail trade
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
50 18 7 2, 800 ( ) (6) 1, 370Finance, insurance, and real estate
------------------------------ 50 8 4 1, 200 (*) (6) 870Services7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
50 17 7 1, 900 (6) (6) 960
1 The Trenton Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (M ercer
County). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in
this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size
and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The
estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of
comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment
trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the
use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the
payroll period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded
from the scope of the survey.
2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial
Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by
industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in
the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July
1958) are the transfer of milk pasteurization plants and
ready-mixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or
retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television
broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication,
and other public utilities division.
3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above
the m inim um -size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of
companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair
service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1
establishment.
4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded
from the separate office and plant categories.5 Taxicabs and
services incidental to water transportation were excluded.6 This
industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries"
and "nonmanufacturing" in the series A and B tables. Separate
presentation of data for this division is not made
for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the
division is too small to provide enough data to merit separate
study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separate
presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit
separate presentation, (4) there is possibility of disclosure of
individual establishment data.
7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile
repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations;
and engineering and architectural services.
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Shift d ifferen tia l data (table B - l ) are lim ited to m
anufacturing industries . This in form ation is presen ted both in
term s o f (a) esta b lishm ent p o l i c y ,2 presen ted in term s
o f total plant w ork er em p loy m ent, and (b) e ffectiv e p ra
ctice , presen ted on the basis o f w ork ers actually em ployed on
the sp ecified shift at the tim e o f the survey. In establishm
ents having varied d ifferen tia ls , the amount applying to a m a
jor ity was used o r , if no amount applied to a m a jor ity , the
c la s sifica tion "o th e r" was used. In establishm ents in which
som e la te - shift hours are paid at n orm al rates, a d ifferen
tia l was re cord ed only if it applied to a m a jor ity o f the
shift hours.
M inim um entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the esta b
lishm ents v isited . They are presen ted on am establishm ent,
rather than on an em ploym ent b a sis . P aid holidays; paid
vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated sta
tistica lly on the basis that these are applicable to all plant o r
o ffic e w ork ers if a m a jo r ity o f such w ork ers are elig ib
le o r m ay eventually qualify fo r the p ra ctice s listed .
Scheduled hours are treated sta tistica lly on the basis that these
are applicable to a ll plant o r o ffic e w ork ers if a m a jor
ity are covered . 3 B ecause o f rounding, sum s o f individual
item s in these tabulations m ay not equal totals.
The fir s t part o f the paid holidays table p resen ts the num
b e r o f whole and half holidays actually provided . The secon d
part com bines whole and half holidays to show total holiday t im e
.
The sum m ary o f vacation plans is lim ited to fo rm a l a rra
n g e m ents, excluding in form al plans w hereby tim e o ff with
pay is granted at the d iscre tio n o f the em ployer. Separate
estim ates are provided accord in g to em p loyer p ra ctice in com
puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, p ercen t o f
annual earn ings, o r fla t-su m am ounts. H ow ever, in the
tabulations o f vacation a llow an ces, paym ents not on a tim e
basis w ere converted ; fo r exam ple, a paym ent o f 2 percen t of
annual earnings was con sidered as the equivalent o f 1 w eek s
pay.
2 An establishm ent was con s id ered as having a p o licy if it
m et either o f the follow ing conditions: (1) O perated late
shifts at the tim e o f the su rvey , o r (2) had fo rm a l p rov
is ion s coverin g late sh ifts.3 Scheduled w eekly hours fo r o
ffice w ork ers (fir s t section o f table B -3 ) in surveys m ade
p r io r to July 1957 w ere p resen ted in term s o f the p
roportion o f w om en o ffic e w ork ers em ployed in o ffice s
with the indicated w eekly hours fo r wom en w ork ers .
3
Data are presen ted fo r a ll health, insu ran ce, and pension
plans fo r which at least a part o f the co st is borne by the em p
loyer , excepting only lega l requ irem ents such as w ork m en 's
com pensation , so c ia l secu rity , and ra ilroad retirem en t.
Such plans include those underw ritten by a co m m e rc ia l
insurance com pany and those p rovided through a union fund o r
paid d ire c t ly by the em p loyer out o f curren t operating
funds o r fro m a fund set aside fo r this pu rpose . Death
benefits a re included as a fo rm o f life insurance.
Sickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type o f in
surance under which predeterm in ed cash paym ents are m ade d
irectly to the insured on a w eekly o r m onthly basis during illn
ess o r acciden t d isab ility . In form ation is presen ted fo r a
ll such plans to w hich the em p loyer contributes. H ow ever, in
New Y ork and New J e rse y , which have enacted tem p ora ry d
isab ility insurance laws which requ ire e m p lo y e r con tr ib u
tion s ,4 plans are included only if the em p loyer (1) co n
tributes m ore than is leg a lly requ ired , o r (2) p rov ides the
em ployee with benefits which exceed the requ irem ents o f the
law. Tabulations o f paid sick leave plans are lim ited to fo rm a
l plans 5 which provide fu ll pay o r a p rop ortion o f the w o rk
e r 's pay during absen ce fro m w ork becau se o f illn ess .
Separate tabulations are p rovided accord in g to (1) .plans w hich
provide fu ll pay and no waiting p er iod , and (2) plans provid
ing either partia l pay o r a waiting p er iod . In addition to the
presentation o f the proportion s o f w ork ers who are p rov ided
sick n ess and accident insurance o r paid s ick lea ve , an
unduplicated total is shown o f w ork ers who re ce iv e either o r
both types o f ben efits.
Catastrophe insurance, som etim es r e fe rre d to as extended m
ed ica l in surance, includes those plans w hich are designed to p
ro tect em ployees in case o f s ick n ess and in jury involving
expenses beyond the n orm al coverage o f h osp italization , m ed
ica l, and su rg ica l p lans. M edical insurance re fe rs to plans
provid in g fo r com plete o r partia l paym ent o f doctors* fe e
s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by c o m m e r c ia l
insurance com panies o r nonprofit organizations o r they m ay be
se lf-in su re d . Tabulations o f retirem en t pension plans are
lim ited to those plans that provide m onthly paym ents fo r the
rem ainder o f the w orker*s life .
4 The tem p ora ry d isab ility laws in C a liforn ia and Rhode
Island do not requ ire em p loyer contributions.5 An establishm ent
was con s id ered as having a fo rm a l plan if it estab lished at
least the m inim um num ber o f days o f s ick leave that could be
expected by each em p loyee . Such a plan need not be written, but
in form al s ick leave a llow an ces , determ ined on an individual
ba sis , w ere excluded.
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4 A* Occupational Earnings
Table A-l. Office Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected
occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Trenton,
N. J. , December I960)
Sex, occupation, and industry divisionN um ber
o fworkers
Avibaqi N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG
H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F
W e e k ly .hours
(Standard)
W eek ly j (Stan d a rt)
*40. 00 and
under 45. 00
^ 5 . 00
50. 00
*50. 00
55. 00
*55. 00
60. 00
*60. 00
65. 00
*65. 00
70. 00
^ 0 . 00
75. 00
^ 5 . 00
80. 00
*80. 00
85. 00
*85. 00
9 0 .0 0
*90. 00
95. 00
*95. 00
100.00
f o o .00
105.00
?05. 00
110.00
f io . 00
115.00
115. 00
120. 00
? 2 0 .00
125. 00
?25. 00 and
over
Men
C lerks, accounting, class A _____________________________ 55
40. 0 $103.50 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 1 4 10 2 7 9 1 2 _ 5 211Manufacturing
___ _ ___________ ____ __ ___ 53 40. 0 104.50 - - - ' 1 1 4 10 2 7
9 1 2 5 11
C lerks, accounting, class B _____________________________ 30 3
9 .5 99.00 - 2 - - - 2 2 - 1 3 2 1 _ 1 6 8 2 _Manufacturing
------------- _ ------------- ----- ----- __ 24 39. 5 95.00 - 2 - -
- 2 2 " 1 3 2 1 - 1 8 2 *
Clerks, order __________ _ ---------------- -------------------
37 40. 5 107.00 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ 7 6 4 3 10 1Manufacturing
------------ ----- ------------------- ------------- T?----- 40. 5"
"T 0 T .W " --------2 - - - - - " 4 7 6 4 3 n r - 1
Office boys _________ __ __ __ ------ __ ----- --------- 30 3 9
.0 63.00 2 3 6 10 2 _ 1 1 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing
___________ __ __ __ ----- ----- --------- 24 3 9 .5 64.00 2 r ~ 4
- 6 2 - 1 1 5 - - - - - - -
Tabulating-machine operators, c lass A _______ _____ 26 40. 0
114.50 _ . - - - - - - - - 3 - 2 1 10 2 3 3 5Manufacturing
---------- ----------------- -------- ------ - 22 40. 0 116.00 - -
" - - - - - 2 " 2 1 7 2 3 5
Tabulating-machine operators, class B ------------- ----- 19 40.
0 94.00 - _ - - 1 - 1 2 2 - 6 - 1 2 - 4 _ -Manufacturing _ _ _
--------------------------- -------- ----- TJ----- 40. 0 94.00 1 1
2 2 6 1 2 4 _
Women
B illers, machine (billing m
achine),---------------------------------- 27 38. 0 60.00 2 _ 5 8 _
9 1 _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
B illers, machine (bookkeeping machine) __ ----- ------ 22 37. 0
62.50 _ _ 2 12 ! _ 5 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . . _
Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A --------------------- 18
39. 5 79.00 _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 5 2 2 _ 2 _ _ _ . .
Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B --------------------- 48
39. 0 63.50 _ 7 9 9 2 8 _ 5 _ 3 4 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing
----------------------------------- --------- 22 3 8 .5 72.00 - 3 1
4 - 2 - 4 - 3 4 - 1 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ------ --------
------- __ -------- 26 39. 5 56.50 " 4 8 5 2 6 1 _ _ ~ " " " - -
"
C lerk s, accounting, class A ______________ -------------- 50
39. 0 85.00 _ _ _ - 1 4 2 13 7 12 1 2 2 2 3 _ 1 _Manufacturing
--------- ----- -------- ----------------- 37 3 9 n r 5 7 3 3 - - "
- 1 2 8 7 8 1 2 2 2 3 - 1
Clerks, accounting, class B ------ __ 229 37. 5 65.00 5 13 47 80
16 12 12 6 4 5 - 11 1 8 4 3 2 _Manufacturing _______ __ __
------------------------- - 96 " J97 5 ~ 75.50 2 9 12 4 8 11 11 6 4
1 " 11 1 8 3 3 2 "
C lerks, file , class A __ ----- ----- -------- 15 38. 0 59.50 _
_ 2 7 3 2 - - 1 - - - - - _ _ _ _
C lerks, file , c lass B _ _ -------- -------- 61 38. 5 51.00 19
12 16 3 3 3 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing
-----------------------------------------------------------------
------24----- ^ 'rO - 577HT -------- 5 -------- 2 4 2 3 3 5 - - - -
- - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing . __ __ __ __ _ ----- 37 38. 5 47 .00
14 10 12 1 _ " "
Clerks, order _ -------- ----- ---- __ __ 40 40. 0 67.00 _ _ 6 3
24 1 _ - - - - 1 - - 3 2 _ _Manufacturing _ __ ___ __ --------
------24 5 9 :3 - 7TT5U - --------6 -------- 3- ------- 5 1 - - - "
1 " - 3 ------ 2 -
Clerks, payroll ------ -------- ----- -------- -------- 111 39.
5 79.00 _ _ 4 7 15 7 16 18 17 2 2 _ 16 2 _ 1 4 _Manufacturing
-------- - - ------ 85 3 9 .5 82.00 - - 4 4 5 5 16 10 16 2 1 -
------ 15 2 - 1 4 -Nonmanufacturing _ __ __ 26 3 9 .5 69.50 - 3 10
2 8 1 - 1 ~ 1 " " ~
Comptometer operators __ _ - ----- 28 3 9 .5 89.50 _ _ 1 1 _ 3 2
1 _ 2 7 1 9 1 _ _ _ .Manufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 39. 5
89.50 1 1 3 2 1 2 7 1 9 1
See footnotes at end of table.
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5Table A-l. Office Occupations-Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected
occupations studied on an area basis by industry division.
Richmond. Va. . December I960)
Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY
EARNINGS OF
Sex, occupation, and industry divisionNumber
ofworkers
Weeklyhours
(Standard)Weekly , earnings
(Standard)35 . 00
and under 40 . 00
4 0 . 00
4 5 .0 0
4 5 . 00
50. 00
*50. 00
5 5 .0 0
*55. 00
J60.00
l o . 00
65. 00
*65. 00
7 0 .0 0
$70 . 00
75. 00
$75. 00
80. 00
80. 00
85. 00
I s . 00
90. 00
$9 0 . 0 0
95. 00
* 9 5 .0 0
100.00
$100.00
105.00
$105.00
110.00
S110.00
115.00
S115.00
120.00
120.00
125.00
*125.00
130.00
*130.00andover
W om en Continued
C le rk s , accounting, c la ss B _ ___ 763 38. 5 $ 6 3 . 50 .
15 49 96 173 148 91 77 43 18 10 10 8 19 5 1 _Manufacturing __ __ _
_______ 68 39. 0 76 . $0 - - - - ^ - 13 * 7 13 15 11 1 2 3 - 2 1 -
- - -Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 695 38. 5 62 . 50 - 15
49 96 173 135 84 64 28 7 9 8 5 19 3 - - - - -
Public utilities 3 _____________________ 237 39. 0 66 . 50 - - 5
27 46 79 27 13 2 2 5 8 1 19 3 - - ~ -
C le rk s , f i le , c la ss A __ __ _____ __ 99 3 8 .0 62 . 50
- 2 7 19 22 17 15 5 3 3 1 _ _ 4 1 _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing
_________ __ __ 89 38. 6 61 . 50 2 7 19 22 17 10 3 2 1 1 - - 4
----- j-----" - - - -
C le rk s , f i le , c la ss B __ __ __ __________ 307 38. 5 52.
50 4 36 72 103 43 23 16 6 _ _ _ 2 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing . __
__ __ __ _ 61 3 9 .5 62 . 0b - - - 15 6 18 16 6 - - - - - - - - - -
- -Nonmanufacturing __ _ __ ---- -------- 246 38. 5 50. 50 4 36 72
88 37 5 - - - - - 2 - 2 - - - - - -
Public utilitie s 3 ____________________ 69 38. 5 55. 00 - 2 3
46 12 2 - - - - - 2 - 2 " " - - -
C le rk s , order _ _____ __ 43 4 0 .0 69. 00 _ 1 4 4 1 5 1 16 _
4 _ 6 _ 1 _ _ . _ _ _
C le r k s , payroll __ _ __ __ __ _ 160 3 9 .0 72 . 50 . 1 . 14
24 21 25 18 11 9 15 1 2 6 4 7 2 .M anufacturing
___________________________ 65 3 9 .5 74 . 50 - - - 4 13 2 6 i i 5
5 8 - - 4 2 ------ 1 - 2 - -N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g
______________________ 95 39. 0 7 1 .0 0 - 1 - 10 11 19 19 5 6 4 7
1 2 2 2 6 - - -
Com ptom eter operators . . - . 147 39. 5 61 . 50 _ 2 13 25 32
29 13 18 2 2 3 5 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing
___________________________ 43 39. 5 63. 00 - 1 5 3 11 10 2 2 2' 1
2 3 1 - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ ___ - 104 3 9 .5 61 . 00 - 1
8 22 21 19 11 16 - 1 1 2 1 1 - - - -
Keypunch operators _ __ __ 316 38. 5 69. 50 - _ 14 33 53 57 42
17 17 15 4 32 24 4 4 - _ _ _Manufacturing
__________________________ 55 39. 5 78 . 00 - - - - 5 9 2 2 14 1 2
1 2 - 4 4 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ __ __ 261 38. 5 67 . 50 - -
14 33 48 48 40 15 3 3 3 30 24 - - - - - - -
Public u tilit ie s3 _ 83 3 9 .0 81 . 50 - " - 7 7 11 4 2 - - 1
27 24 - - - " - -
O ffice girls _ __ _ _ _ _ _ 61 37. 5 5 2 .0 0 _ 18 13 21 1 2 _
5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Nonm anufacturing _ _ _ 56 37. 5 51. 50 - 18 13
18 1 - 1 - - ------ 5 - - - - - - - - -
S ecreta ries _ 902 39. 0 83. 50 - _ 17 25 78 78 89 113 117 131
73 36 48 24 22 20 12 4 15M a n u fa c tu r in g
----------------------------------------- 341 3 9 .5 87 . 50 - - -
- 3 22 14----- .....n 57 55 ' 79 55 16 29 6 4 ~ ~ l ----- r ~ 1
11Nonmanufacturing _ 561 38. 5 80 . 50 - - - 17 22 56 64 78 76 62
52 23 20 19 18 18 18 n 3 4
Public u tilities 3 ____ 126 4 0 . 0 9 7 .0 0 - - - - 5 3 8 7 13
7 9 4 6 10 3 17 17 10 3 4
Stenograph ers, general _ _ 706 39. 0 74 . 50 6 1 3 45 71 92 108
83 92 41 27 22 41 47 16 5 5 1 _ _M anufacturing ZS3 39. 5 77 . 50 -
- - 2 16 20 ~ n 49 ~ S s 37 14 r ~ -----1----- 9 ----- ------ 5 1 -
-N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g__ ________________ 423 39. 0 72 . 00 6
1 3 43 55 72 86 34 7 4 8 13 40 38 9 2 2 - - -
Public utilities 3 ____________________ 151 4 0 . 0 89 . 50 - -
- 4 11 13 4 4 1 4 6 13 40 38 9 2 2 - - -
Switchboard operators _ __ _ 158 39. 5 64 . 00 5 - 32 10 28 22
10 11 13 6 4 9 3 3 2 _ _ _ _Manufacturing __ _ __ Si 39. 5 75. 50 -
- - - 1 5 5 1 l6 4 ----- - - ------ T ~ - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing
__ ------- 127 3 9 .5 61 . 00 5 - 32 10 27 17 5 10 3 2 1 9 3 1 2 -
- - - -
Public u tilit ie s3 _ __ 27 4 0 . 0 82 . 00 - - 1 1 2 1 6 2 1 -
8 3 2 - - - - -
Switchboard o p e r a to r -r e c e p t io n is ts ____ 103 39.
5 6 4 .0 0 - - 12 10 14 22 18 12 6 3 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_Manufacturing ---------------------------------------- 46 39. 5 67
. 56 - - - 3 7 14 6 5 3 2 6 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ 57
39. 5 60 . 50 - - 12 7 7 8 12 7 3 1 - - - " - " - - - -
Tabulating-m achine op erators ,69 . 50c la ss B _ - 77 38. 5 -
- - 6 9 10 19 18 11 - - - - 3 - - - 1 - -
Nonmanufacturing _ _ 69 38. 6 6 9 .0 0 6 9 10 12 18 11' " '
'
------ 3'
~
See footnotes at end of table,
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal
Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-
6Tab le A -l. O ffice O ccupations-Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected
occupations studied on an area basis by industry division,
Richmond, V a ., December I960)
Average N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A
I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F N u m b er $ $ $ $
$ $ $ $ $ $ S S $ $ * $ s $ S $
Sex, occupation, and industry division of W eek ly W e e k ly
35. 00 40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80.
00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 95.00 10 0 . 0 0 105.00 1 1 0 . 0 0 115.00 1 2 0
. 0 0 125.00 130.00w orkers h ou rs 1 ea rn in g s1
(S ta n da rd ) (S ta n da rd ) under - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - and40. 00 45. 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75.
00 80. 00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 95. 00 1 0 0 . 0 0 105.00 lit ) . 00
115.00 1 2 0 . 0 0 125.00 130.00 over
W omen Continued
Tabulating-machine operators,class C
--------------------------------------------------- 56 37.0 $60.00
- 2 3 8 17 8 1 1 2 3 1 1 - - - - _ _ _ _ _
Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ 49 36. 5 59- 00
- 2 3 5 17 8 10 1 3 - - - - - - - - - -
Transcribing-machine operators,general
--------------------------------------------------- 10 0 39. 0 63.
50 _ - 10 10 2 1 23 14 6 8 5 - 1 2 - - _ _ _ _ _
Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ 78 39- 0 62. 00
- - 10 10 18 16 1 1 3 4 3 - 1 2 - - - - - - -
Typists, class A ------------------------------------ 195 38. 0
64. 50 _ _ 1 19 58 48 20 25 1 2 4 2 _ _ 3 3 _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing
------------------------------------ 36 39- 0 72. 56 - - 1 - 1 1 2
- 6 8 4 2 - - 2 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing
------------------------------ 159 38. 0 62. 50 - - - 19 57 36 20
19 4 - - - - 1 3 - - - - -
Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 32 38. 5 6 8 . 50
- - - 1 1 1 5 4 6 1 " - - 1 3 - " -
Typists, class B ------------------------------------ 556 38. 5
56. 00 _ 62 81 130 124 91 33 8 9 1 3 7 6 1 _ _ _ _ _
_Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ 368 38. 0 55. 50 -
26 75 97 93 44 1 1 1 4 - 3 7 6 1 - - - - - -
Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 41 39. 5 71. 00
16 5 2 1 3 7 6 1
1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees
receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings
correspond to these weekly hours.2 Workers were distributed as
follows: 4 at $ 1 30 to $ 140; 3 at $ 145 to $ 155; 3 at $ 155 and
over.3 Transportation, communication, and other public
utilities.
Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected
occupations studied on an area basis by industry division,
Richmond, Va. , December I960)
Sex, occupation, and industry divisionN u m b er
o fw orkers
A v * iSAGS N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T
R A I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F
W e e k ly h ou rs 1
(S ta n da rd )
W e e k ly earn ings 1
(S ta n da rd )
$70. 00
and under 75. 00
$75. 00
80. 00
$80. 00
85.00
85. 00
9 0 . 00
$9 0 . 00
95. 00
S95. 00
1 0 0 . 00
$1 0 0 . 00
105. 00
? 0 5 .00
1 1 0 . 00
n o . oo
115.00
?15. 00
1 2 0 . 00
? 2 0 . 00
125. 00
? 2 5 .00
130. 00
?30. 00
135. 00
1$35. 00
140. 00
t140. 00
145. 00
? 4 5 .00
150. 00
$150. 00
andover
Men
Draftsmen, senior
----------------------------------------------------------- 160 40.
0 $126.50 - 1 4 _ 2 1 14 4 10 13 10 6 46 20 2 1 3 5Manufacturing
________________________________________ 105 40. 0 125.00 - - 2 - 1
- 13 4 5 9 9 - 41 5 14 2 _Nonmanufacturing
------------------------------------------------------- 55 40. 0
129. 0 0 - 1 2 - 1 1 1 - 5 4 1 6 5 15 7 1 5
Public utilities 2
---------------------------------------------------- 48 40. 0
131.00 - 1 2 - 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 6 5 15 7 1 5
Women
Nurses, industrial ( registered)
------------------------------------ 58 39. 5 98. 50 2 7 7 1 14 9 1
1 _ 3 10 1 2 _ _ _ _Manufacturing
------------------------------------------------------------- 46
39. 5 1 0 1 . 0 0 1 5 5 1 2 6 1 3 10 2
Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive
their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to
these weekly hours. Transportation, communication, and other public
utilities.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal
Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-
Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations7
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected
occupations studied on an area basis by industry division,
Richmond, Va. , December I960)
N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T
-T I M E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F
Occupation and industry divisionNumber
ofAverage hourly i
$1 . 0 0 10
$1 . 2 0 Sl. 30
$1.40 $1.50
$1 . 6 0
$1.70
$1 . 80
$1 . 90
$2 . 00
$2 . 10
S2 . 20 2. 30 $2.40
S2. 50
$2 .60
$2. 70
$2 .80
$2 . 90
$3. 00 s3. 10
$3. 20
$3. 30
workers earnings andunder and1 . 10 1 20 1.30 1 .40 1. 50 1 . 60
1.70 1.80 1 . 9 0 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2 . 60 2.
70 2 . 80 2 . 90 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 over
Carpenters, maintenance ---------------------- 1 0 1 $ 2 .6 1 3
6 1 6 2 5 3 6 3 1 1 6 42 6 1Manufacturing ------------- ---------
71 68 - - - 3 - - 1 - - - 4 - 4 2 - 3 3 10 5 33 3 - -
-Nonmanufacturing _ __ __ ------------- 30 2 .44 " - 6 - - - 2 2 1
1 - 3 - 1 1 9 3 " 1 -
Electricians, maintenance ------------------- 207 2 . 88 1 6 - 1
1 7 5 5 2 37 1 1 2 83 1 2 25 _Manufacturing
------------------------------ 2 . 88 1 6 - 10 4 4 4 - 37 10 2 83
25 -
Engineers, stationary ___ __ ----------- 70 2 .39 _ _ _ 3 - 1 1
1 4 3 1 6 5 1 2 2 1 1 2 10 2 3 _ _ 3Manufacturing
------------------------------------ -------50 2 .40 - 3 - - 1 - 3
- 5 4 10 " 10 1 10 1 - - - - 2
Firemen, stationary boiler ----------- 109 1.73 2 1 6 _ - 5 15
15 3 - 6 5 6 1 2 - 7 6 _ _ - 2 _ _ _ _Manufacturing
---------------------------- 74 1.84 - 6 - - 5 1 2 13 3 - 6 5 6 1 2
- - 6 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing
------------------------------ 35 1.48 2 1 - - - - 3 2 - " " - 7 _
- - 2 " - -
Helpers, trades, maintenance __ ----- 180 1.99 1 2 1 6 23 6 6 7
- 10 3 2 14 4 61 3 1 2 1 _ _ - _ _ - _Manufacturing ------
--------------- 129 1.91 9 - 6 22 6 3 5 9 3 1 " 3 4 37 1 1
Machinists, maintenance ------------------- 228 2. 85 3 _ 8 3 10
6 3 3 24 22 24 2 45 74 _ 1Manufacturing
---------------------------------- 224 2. 85 3 - 8 3 10 6 2 3 24 22
24 2 45 71 - 1
Mechanics, automotive(maintenance) --------------
---------------------- 278 2 . 26 - - - 3 8 4 1 42 1 1 49 28 1 2 7
23 8 9 66 7 - - - - -
Manufacturing ----- __ ----- ----------- 36 2 . 1 1 - - - T~ - -
3 1 -----6 - 7 1 - 2 10 - - 3 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing
------------------- ---------- 242 2 . 28 - - - - - 8 1 - 36 1 1 42
! 27 1 2 5 13 8 9 63 7 - - - - -
Public utilitie s 2 --------------------------- 202 2. 31 31 5
42 27 5 4 10 8 8 55 7 " -
Mechanics, maintenance _______ _____ 404 2. 71 _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ - 8
8 15 13 46 7 7 2 15 108 _ 18 154 1 _ _Manufacturing ---------
------------------------- 374 2.71 8 8 15 13 43 7 3 2 14 105 " 18
138 - - -
Oilers ___ ------ ----- --------------------- 78 1.91 13 > _
2 . 4 1 6 _ 3 5 2 18 14 - _ _ 10 _ _ _ - _ _Manufacturing __
--------------------------- _ 77 1 .91 T T~ - - Z ~ 4 1 -----3
-----T~ 5 2 18 14 - - 10 - - " - " - -
Painters, maintenance ---------- ------------- 1 0 0 2. 44 - _ _
- 18 _ 3 1 - 5 3 _ 5 4 7 1 2 2 _ 45 4 _ _ _Manufacturing
------------------------------------ -------TZ 2. 72 - - - - - " 1
1 ~ 5 - - 2 4 7 " 2 2 - 44 4 - - -
Pipefitters, maintenance ------------------- 1 0 0 2. 97 _ _ _ -
_ _ _ _ - - 1 _ - 1 _ 1 - 16 5 _ 76 _ _ _Manufacturing
------------------------------------ 99 2.97 - - - " - - - - - - 1
- - 1 - 1 - 16 5 - 75 - - -
Sheet-metal workers,maintenance ___________________________ 44
2.99 - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 - 4 2 - 29 7 - -
Manufacturing ---------------------------------- 44 2. 99'
1
______
1 4 2 29 7
Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends,
holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other
public utilities.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal
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-
8Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations
studied on an area basis by industry division, Richmond, Va. ,
December I960)
N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T
-T I M E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F
Occupation1 and industry divisionNumber
ofworkers
Average hourly ,
earnings 680. 50 and
under . 60
$0 . 60
. 70
s0. 70
. 80
$0 . 80
. 90
80 . 90
1 . 00
$1 . 00
1 . 10
$1 . 10
1 . 2 0
20
1. 30
$1. 30
1. 40
$1. 40
1. 50
$1. 50
1.60
$1.60
1.70
S1. 70
1.80
$1 . 80
1. 90
51 . 9 0
2 . 00
32 . 00
2 . 10
$2 . 10
2 . 20
$2 . 20
2. 30
$2. 30
2. 40
$2. 40
2. 50
$2. 50
2.60
S2.60
2. 70
$2. 70
2 . 80
$2 . 80
2. 90
Elevator operators, passenger(women) -------------
---------------------------- 56 $ 0. 78 5 27 _ 1 7 10 5 1
54 . 77 5 27 1 7 8 5 1
Guards ------------------ -------------------------------- 1 0 1
2. 24 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 3 1 6 _ 7 ? 4 14 8 6 _ 8 _ 33
Janitors, porters, and cleaners(men)
----------------------------------------------------- 941 1. 38 -
17 7 25 73 109 90 180 64 75 76 24 9 75 50 6 28 25 6 1 1 _ _ _
Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 408 1.58 - -
- - 2 8 24 89 35 18 68 9 7 73 49 1 - 25 _ _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing
------------------------------ 533 1. 23 - 17 7 25 71 1 0 1 66 91
29 57 8 15 2 2 1 5 28 - 6 1 1 _ - _
Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 108 1 . 6 6 - - -
- - - - 20 10 32 3 10 1 1 - 4 19 - 6 1 1 - - -
Janitors, porters, and cleaners(women)
-------------------------------------------------- 276 1.09 _ 58 6
9 18 78 8 35 26 9 3 2 10 _ 6 3 _ 1 4 _ _ _ _ _
Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 78 1.29 - - -
- 37 - 16 2 2 2 2 10 - 6 - 1 _ . _ _ - _Nonmanufacturing
------------------------------ 1 98 1 . 0 1 - 58 6 9 18 41 8 19 24
7 1 - - 3 - - 4 - - - - -
Laborers, material handling --------------- 1, 415 1.46 _ _ _ 4
2 290 158 1 1 2 96 252 63 56 68 94 39 57 57 52 _ _ 15 _ _
_Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 761 1.51 - - -
- - 109 64 50 71 157 61 6 30 76 32 56 - 49 - - - - -
-Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ 654 1 . 39 - - - 4
2 181 94 62 25 95 2 50 38 18 7 1 57 3 - - 15 - - -
Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 93 1.91 16 28 18
7 1 8 - - - 15 ~ - -
Order fillers ------------------------------------------- 384
1.71 _ _ _ _ _ 1 2 17 37 19 30 42 84 16 1 20 22 _ 59 8 17 _ _ _
_Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 77 1 . 9 2 - -
- - - 3 - 1 - 5 2 1 2 6 1 20 10 - - - 17 - - - -Nonmanufacturing
------------------------------ 307 1 . 6 6 - - - - 9 17 36 19 25 40
72 10 - - 1 2 - 59 8 ~ " - - -
Packers, shipping ---------------------------------- 130 1.42 _
_ _ _ _ 1 2 1 2 15 19 9 15 44 4TV/Ta rill r .^n n n 52 1.51 3 9 14
2678 1. 35 1 2 1 2 1 2 10 9 1 18 48
Receiving clerks ------------------------------------ 1 2 1 2 .
01 _ _ _ _ 1 _ 7 14 8 1 4 1 1 8 1 3 4 17 8 7 8 19 _ _Manufacturing
------------------------------------ 52 2 . 22 3 - - 1 1 - 1 1 3 1
1 1 1 4 16 - -Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ 69 1
.84 - - - - 1 - 7 14 5 1 4 - 8 - 2 1 6 7 6 4 3 - -
Shipping cle rks --------------------------------------- 81 2.
03 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ 9 1 1 7 2 7 6 15 1 2 1 3 _ 3
1Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 57 2. 14 - - -
- - - - - - - - 3 4 7 2 6 6 15 6 1 3 - 3 1
Shipping and receiving clerks -------------- 66 2. 03 3 1 1 2 10
3 4 2 2 8 1 2 _ 4 5 _ _Manufacturing _______________________ 47 1 .
9 8 - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 2 6 3 4 - 2 7 1 2 - - - -
Truckdrivers4 ---------------------------------------- 1, 173
1.72 _ _ _ _ _ 1 0 2 46 39 23 206 95 81 31 270 23 29 41 89 _ 1 3 94
_ _Manufacturing ------------------------------------ 231 1.62 - -
- - - 33 6 1 1 2 22 43 33 2 1 6 6 1 1 13 2 1 - - 3 - -
_Nonmanufacturing --------- ------------------ 942 1.75 - - - - -
69 40 28 2 1 184 52 48 10 264 17 18 28 68 - 1 - 94 - -
Public utilities 3 --------------------------- 557 2. 03 - - - -
- - - - 25 10 25 10 261 17 18 28 68 - 1 - 94 - -
Truckdrivers, light (underll!z tons)
------------------------------------------ 1 0 1 1. 38 - - - - - 13
14 15 2 23 17 1 1 1 - - - 3 2 - - - _ - _Nonmanufacturing
________________ 78 1. 33 - - - - " 8 14 15 2 23 8 6 - - - - 2 - -
- - - -
Truckdrivers, medium ( 1 V 2 to andincluding 4 tons)
------------------------------ 534 1.65 - - - - - 29 22 24 16 159
64 34 25 14 16 19 32 74 - 1 3 2 - -
Manufacturing ------------------------------- 148 1.60 - - - - -
18 6 1 1 2 22 26 7 20 6 4 1 1 4 8 - - 3 - _ _Nonmanufacturing
----------1-------------- 386 1.67 - - - - - 1 1 16 13 14 137 38 27
5 8 1 2 8 28 66 - 1 - 2 _ _
Public utilities 3 ---------------------- 170 1 . 9 8 25 5 10 5
8 1 2 8 28 66 1 2
See footnotes at end of table.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal
Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-
B* Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions
Table B-l. Shift Differentials
(Shift differentials of manufacturing plant workers by type and
amount of differential, Trenton, N. J. , December I960)
Percent of manufacturing plant workers
Shift differentialIn establishments having formal
provisions 1 for Actually working onSecond shift
workThird or other
shift work Second shiftThird or other
shift
Total 85 .8 7 8 .8 1 2 . 1 5 .4
With shift pay differential 83. 0 7 8 .8 11. 5 5 .4
Uniform cents (per hour) 48. 3 42. 5 8 . 0 3 .6
5 cents 15. 3 _ 2 . 8 _6 cents 7 .8 - 1. 5 -7 cents 6 .9 - . 8
-7 l /2 cents _ _ _ _ __ 2. 5 7 .7 - . 88 cents . . . 9 .2 6 . 2
1.7 .79 cents _ ------- - 3 .3 - .4 -1 0 cents _ __ _ 1 .9 17 .5 .
5 1 . 01 2 cents _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1. 3 8. 3 . 3 . 914 cents _ _ _ _
_ _ __ - . 9 - (2)15 cents _ __ __ __ __ 1 .9 - . 2
Uniform percentage 3 4 .8 28 .3 3. 6 1 .4
5 percent 15.9 - . 6 -6 percent 2 . 2 2 . 2 . 1 -71 / 2 percent
- 2. 5 - . 61 0 percent _ __ _ 15 .6 2 3 .6 2 .7 . 815 percent 1 .
1 - . 2 -
Other formal pay d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------------ - 8
. 0 - .4
No shift pay d iffe re n tia
l----------------------------------- 2 . 8 . 6
1 Includes establishments currently operating late shifts, and
establishments with formal provisions covering late shifts even
though they were not currently operating late shifts.
2 Less than 0 .0 5 percent.
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Reserve Bank of St. Louis
-
1 0
Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office
Workers
(Distribution of establishments studied in all industries and in
industry divisions by minimum entrance salary for selected
categories of inexperienced women office workers, Trenton, N. J. ,
December I960)
Inexperienced typists
Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing
Other inexperienced clerical workers 2
Manufacturing NonmanufacturingM i n i m u m w e e k l y s a l a
r y 1
A Hi n d u s t r i e s
B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d w e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f A l li
n d u s t r i e s
B a s e d o n s t a n d a r d \v e e k l y h o u r s 3 o f
A l ls c h e d u l e s
3 5 3 7 V 2 3 8 3/ 4 4 0A l l
s c h e d u l e s3 5 3 7 1/ . 3 8 3 /4 4 0
A l ls c h e d u l e s
3 5 3 7 * / , 3 8 3/ 4 4 0A l l
s c h e d u l e s3 5 3 7 ^ 2 3 8 3/ 4 4 0
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d ______________ 7 6 4 8
X X X X X X X X X X X X 2 8 X X X X X X X X X X X X 7 6 4 8 X X X X
X X X X X X X X 2 8 X X X X X X X X X X X X
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e dm i n
i m u m --------------------------------------------------- 3 1 2 5
1 1 2 2 0 6 1 1 1 3 3 5 2 3 1 1 2 1 9 1 2 1 1 1 9
$ 4 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 2 . 5 0 -------- 2 2 1 _ _ 1 _ _
_ _ _ 4 2 1 _ _ 1 2 _ _ _ 2$ 4 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 5 . 0 0
_____ - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - 1 - 1 - -
$ 4 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 4 7 . 5 0 _____ 2 1 - 1 - - 1 - 1
- - 5 2 - 1 - 1 3 - - - 3$ 4 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 0 . 0 0
_____ 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - - 2 2 - - - 2 - - - - -$ 5 0 . 0 0 a n d
u n d e r $ 5 2 . 5 0 --------- 8 7 - - 6 1 - - 1 - 9 6 - - 2 4 3 -
- 1 2$ 5 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 5 . 0 0 --------- 5 4 - - 2 2
1 1 - - - 2 1 - - - 1 1 1 - - -$ 5 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 5 7 .
5 0 _____ 3 2 - - - 2 1 - - - 1 3 3 - - - 3 - - - - -
$ 5 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 0 . 0 0 -------- 2 2 - - - 2 - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
$ 6 0 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 --------- 1 1 - - - 1 -
- - - - 3 3 - - - 3 - - - - -$ 6 2 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0
0 _____ 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
$ 6 5 . 0 0 a n d u n d e r $ 6 7 . 5 0 _____ - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - -$ 6 7 . 5 0 a n d u n d e r $ 7 0 . 0 0
_____ 1 - - - - - 1 - - - 1 1 - - - - - 1 - - - 1$ 7 0 . 0 0 a n d
u n d e r $ 7 2 . 5 0 ______ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - -$ 7 2 . 5 0 a n d o v e r ____________________ 5 4 - - " 4 1 -
- - 1 5 4 - - " 4 1 - - - 1
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g n os p e c i f i e d m i
n i m u m -------- ------------------ 9 6 X X X X X X X X X X X X 3
X XX X X X X X X X X X 1 0 7 X X X X X X X X X X X X 3 X X X X X X
X X X X X X
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h i c h d id n o te m p l o y w o
r k e r s i n t h i sc a t e g o r y
---------------------------------------------------- 3 6 17 X X X X
X X X X X X X X 1 9 X X X X X X X X X X X X 31 1 8 X X X X X X X X
X X X X 1 3 X X X X X X X X X X X X
1 Lowest salary rate formally established for hiring
inexperienced workers for typing or other clerical jobs.2 Rates
applicable to m essengers, office girls, or similar subclerical
jobs are not considered.3 Hours reflect the workweek for which
employees receive their regular straight-time salaries. Data are
presented for all workweeks combined, and for the most common
workweeks reported.
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11Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours
(Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all
industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours of
first-shift w orkers, Trenton, N. J. , December I960)
W e e k ly h o u r s
OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS
All industries * Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries^
Manufacturing Public utilities2
A l l w o r k e r s _ _ 100 100 100 100 100 100U n d e r 3 5 h o
u r s __ _ (4 ) 03 5 h o u r s _ 13 5 6 9 1 (4 ) -O v e r 3 5 and u
n d e r 3 7 1 !z h o u r s 2 1 - 2 -3 7 l /z h o u r s 10 8 - - -
-3 8 3/4 h o u r s 10 9 - 2 2 -O v e r 38 3 /* and u n d e r 4 0 h
o u r s 1 1 - - - -4 0 h o u r s _ 6 5 7 6 31 8 2 8 4 97O v e r 4 0
and u n d e r 4 4 h o u r s -------------------------------- (4 ) -
- - - -4 4 h o u r s _ n (4 ) - 8 10 -O v e r 4 4 and u n d e r 4 8
h o u r s n - 1 - -4 8 h o u r s _ - - 2 3 -O v e r 4 8 h o u r s 1
3
1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those
industry divisions shown separately.2 Transportation,
communication, and other public utilities.3 Includes data for
wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in
addition to those industry divisions shown separately.4 Less than
0. 5 percent.
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12
Table B-4. Paid Holidays
(Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all
industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays
provided annually. Trenton. N. J. , December I960)
ItemOFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS
All industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries^
Manufacturing Public utilities2
All workers ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 100 100 100 100 100
100
Workers in establishments providingpaid holidays ______ ____ __
_________ 100 100 100 100 100 100
Workers in establishments providingno paid holidays _____ _ _ _
_ _ - - -
Number off days
Less than 6 holidays ____ __ __ _ __ _ _ _ 1 _ _6 holidays __
___ 11 7 - 18 13 -6 holidays plus 1 half day _ ___ (4 ) - - - - -6
holidays plus 2 half days __ _ _ 7 10 - 10 13 -6 holidays phis 3
half days ---- 1 1 - - - -7 holidays _ 27 33 11 31 33 407 holidays
plus 1 half day 6 5 - 3 4 -7 holidays phis 2 half days ......... .
1 1 - 4 5 -8 holidays _ _ 22 34 - 22 26 -8 holidays plus 1 half d a
y ____________________ 2 3 - 0 (4 ) -8 holidays plus 2 half days 1
- - (4 ) -9 holidays _ _ _ 8 - 69 5 3 299 holidays plus 1 half day
_ _ _ 4 6 - 2 3 -10 holidays (4 ) (4 ) - (4 ) (4 ) -11 holidays 4 -
- - - -1 2 holidays ------ 7 20 3 31
Total ho liday tim e5
12 or more days _ _ __ 7 _ 20 3 _ 3111 or more days 11 - 20 3 -
3110 or more days _ _ 11 (4 ) 20 3 (4 ) 319 V2 or more days 15 6 20
5 3 319 or more days 24 6 89 11 6 608 V2 or more days __ 25 9 89 11
6 608 or more days 48 44 89 36 37 607 V2 or more days _ _ 55 50 89
39 41 607 or more days 89 93 100 81 87 1006 V2 or more days __ _ _
__ 89 93 lOCf 81 87 10 06 or more days ___ 100 10 0 10 0 99 10 0 10
05 or more days _ _ _ 10 0 10 0 10 0 99 10 0 10 04 or more days _
10 0 10 0 10 0 99 10 0 10 03 or more days 10 0 100 10 0 99 100 10
02 or more days _ _ 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 10 0 100
1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance,
insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those
industry divisions shown separately.2 Transportation*
communication, and other public utilities.3 Includes data for
wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in
addition to those industry divisions shown separately.4 Less than
0. 5 percent.5 A ll combinations of full and half days that add to
the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of
workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days
and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4
half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated.
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9Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement
Occupatbns-Continued
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations
studied on an area basis by industry division, Richmond, Va. ,
December I960)
NUM BER OF W O RK ERS R E CE IVIN G ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY
EARN ING S OF
Occupation1 and industry divisionN u m b er
o fw orkers
A vera ge h ou rly 2
earn ings
s0. 50 and
$0 . 6 0
$0. 70
$0 . 80
$0 . 90 $1 . 00
$1 . 1 0
$1 . 20 $1. 30
S1.40 $1. 50 $1 . 6 0 $1.70 $1.80 S1 . 9 0 S2 . 0 0 S2 . 10 $ 2
. 20 $ 2. 30 $2 .40
$2. 50 S2.60
$2.70 $2 . 80
under. 60 .70 . 80 .90 1 . 0 0 1 . 10 1 . 2 0 1.30 1.40 1. 50
1.60 1.70 1.80 1 . 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2 .40 2. 50 2 . 60
2. 70 2 . 80 2 . 90
Truckdrivers:4 ContinuedTruckdrivers, heavy (over 4 tons,
trailer type) __ 1 9 0 $ 1.87 - - - - - - - - 5 24 14 23 5 72 7
10 1 1 - - - 28 - _Nonmanufacturing ----------------------- 170
1.89 - - - - - - - - 5 24 6 15 5 72 5 10 - - - - - 28 - -
Public utilities 3 _____________________ 137 2 . 00 5 15 5 69 5
10 - - - - - 28 - -
Truckers, power (forklift) ------------------------------ 316
1.72 _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 3 14 7 50 34 72 31 2 1 1 26 20 1 0 6 _ 19 _ _
.Manufacturing _ _ -------- -------- _ 213 1.75 - - - - - 10 3 9 3
25 34 40 13 - 1 1 ZE 20 - - - 19 - - -Nonmanufacturing
--------------------------------------------- 103 1. 67 " - - - 1 -
5 4 25 " 32 18 2 - * 10 6 - - - - -
Watchmen _____ __ ------- ------- 167 1.46 3 9 6 1 _ ' 26 5 2 24
13 19 - 4 5 1 2 35 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _Xifannfarhiring 109 1 . 6 6 6 3 2
19 7 19 4 2 1 2 35Nonmanufacturing ------- --------- 58 1 . 09 3 9
6 1 20 2 5 6 3 3
1 Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated.*
Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends,
holidays, and late shifts.3 Transportation, communication, and
other public utilities.4 Includes all drivers regardless of size
and type of truck operated.
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11
Appendix: Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau
s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into
appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of
payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment
to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order
to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing
comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on
interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational
content, the Bureau s job descriptions may differ significantly
from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared
for other purposes In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau s
field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors,
apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers,
part-time, temporary, and probationary workers.
O F F I C E
B IL L E R , M ACHINE B O O K K EEPIN G -M A CH IN E O P ER A T
O R
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than
an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to
billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work
incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers,
machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:
Biller, machine (billing machine) Uses a special billing machine
(Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and
invoices from customers purchase orders, internally prepared
orders, shippingmemorandums, etc. Usually involves application of
predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing
machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of carton copies of
the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) Uses a bookkeeping machine
(Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may
not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers bills as part of
the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the
simultaneous entry of figures on customers ledger record. The
machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical
columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or
credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works
from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher,
Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a
typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
Class A Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and
experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the
structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines
proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be
used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports,
balance sheets, and other records by hand.
Class B Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a
set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic
bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
customers accounts (not including a simple type of billing
described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense
distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or assist in
preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the
accounting department.
C L E R K , A CCO UN TIN G
Class A Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant,
has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete
set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment s
business transactions. Work involves posting and
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12
C L E R K , A CCO U N TIN G Continued
balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receiv-
able or accounts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers
with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and
experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May
assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may
direct class B accounting clerks.
C la ss B Under supervision, performs one or more routine
accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers,
accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher regiscers;
reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by
general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of
accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in
which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a
functional basis among several workers.
C L E R K , F I L E
C la ss A Responsible for maintaining an established filing
system. C lassifies and indexes correspondence or other material;
may also file this material. May keep records of various types in
conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating
material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties.
C la ss B Performs routine filing, usually of material that has
already been classified, or locates or assists in locating material
in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties.
C L E R K , O R D ER
Receives customers orders for material or merchandise by mail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the follow
ing: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheetlisting
the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of
items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective
departments to be filled. May check with credit department to
determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders
from customers, follow up orders to see that thv'y have been
filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices
with original orders.
C L E R K , P A Y R O L L
Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary
data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers*
earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated
data on payroll sheet, showing information such as workers name,
working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages
due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and
distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.
C O M P TO M ETER O P E R A T O R
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathematical
computations. This job is not to be confused with that of
statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use
of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental
to performance of other duties.
D U PLICA TIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R (MIMEOGRAPH O R D
ITT O )
Under general supervision and with no supervisory
responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or
handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes
necessary adjustments such as for ink and paper feed counter and
cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master.
May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate,
and staple completed material.
K EY P U N C H O P E R A T O R
Under general supervision and with no supervisory
responsibilities, records accounting and statistical data on
tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a
specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch
machine, following written information on records. May duplicate
cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. May keep
files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others.
O F F IC E B O Y OR G IR L
Performs various routine duties such as running errands,
operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening
and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.
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17
Appendix: Occupational Descriptions
The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau
s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into
appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of
payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment
to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order
to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing
comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on
interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational
content, the Bureau s job descriptions may differ significantly
from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared
for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the
Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working
supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees,
handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary
workers.
O F F I C E
B IL L E R , M ACHINE BO O K K EEPIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T
O R
Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than
an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to
billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work
incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers,
machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:
Biller, machine (hilling machine) Uses a special billing machine
(Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are
combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and
invoices from customers purchase orders, internally prepared
orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of
predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary
extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing
machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine.
The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of
the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.
Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) Uses a bookkeeping machine
(Sundstrahd, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc., which may or may
not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers bills as part of
the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the
simultaneous entry of figures on customers ledger record. The
machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical
columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or
credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works
from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher,
Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a
typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.
Class A Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge o f and
experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the
structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines
proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be
used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports,
balance sheets, and other records by hand.
Class B Keeps a record of one or more phases or'sections of a
set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic
bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll,
customers accounts (not including a simple type of billing
described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense
distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or assist in
preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the
accounting department.
C L E R K , A CCO UN TIN G
Class A Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant,
has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete
set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establishment
s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing
subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or
accounts
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18
C L E R K , A CC O U N TIN G .Continued
payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a
ccounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making
proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing,
adjusting and closing journal entries; may direct class B
accounting clerks.
Class B Under supervision, performs one or more routine a
ccounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a
ccounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers;
reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by
general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job
does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping
principles but is found in offices in which the more routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several
workers.
C L E R K , F I L E
Class A In an established filing system containing a number of
varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes correspondence
or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of
various types in conjunction with files or may supervise others in
filing and locating material in the files . May perform incidental
clerical duties.
Class B Performs routine filing, usually of material that has
already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or locates
or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental
clerical duties.
C L E R K , O R D ER
Receives customers* orders for material or merchandise by mail,
phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the
following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet
listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and
quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to
respective departments to be filled. May check with credit
department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge
receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they
have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original orders.
C L E R K , P A Y R O L L
Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary
data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers*
earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated
data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name,
working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages
due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and
distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.
CO M P TO M ETER O P E R A T O R
Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathematical
computations. This job is not to be confused with that of
statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use
of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental
to performance of other duties.
D U PLIC A TIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R (M IMEOGRAPH O R D
IT T O )
Under general supervision and with no supervisory
responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or
handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes
necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and
cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master.
May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate,
and staple completed material.
K EY P U N C H O P E R A T O R
Under general supervision and with no supervisory
responsibilities, records accounting and statistical data on
tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a
specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch
machine, following written information on records. May duplicate
cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. May keep
files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others.
O F F IC E B O Y O R G IR L
Performs various routine duties such as running errands,
operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening
and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.
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S E C R E T A R Y
Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an
administrative or executive position. Duties include making
appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office;
answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important
or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own
initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not
used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and
transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a
transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums
for information of superior.
S TEN O G R A P H ER , G E N E R A L
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons,
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a
normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a
typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and
keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include
transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator).
S TEN O G R A P H ER , T E C H N IC A L
Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons
either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a
varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs
or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation
on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up
and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include
transcribing-machine work.
SW ITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R
Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard.
Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or
office ca lls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give
information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone
orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard
operator-receptionist.
SW ITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T
In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single
position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may
also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular
duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of
this worker's time while at switchboard.
19
TA BIJLA TIN G -M A CH IN E O P E R A T O R
Class A Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical
accounting machines, typically including such machines as the
tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs
complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and
performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and
tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and
complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type
requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a
more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new
operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in
wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex
reports. Does not include working supervisors performing
tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the
work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators.
Class B Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical
accounting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in
addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is
performed under specific instructions and may include the
performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically
involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive
accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or
parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies
are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well
established. May also include the training of new employees in the
basic operation of the machine.
Class C Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting
machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc.,
with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams
and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a
work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or
repetitive operations.
TRA N SCRIBIN G -M A CH IN E O P ER A T O R , G E N E R A L
Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal
routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type
from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing
dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not
included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype
or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
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20
T Y P IS T
Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make
out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May
include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in
duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little
special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records
and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.
Class A Performs one or more o f the following: Typing material
in final form when it involves combining material from several
sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication,
punc-
PROFESSIONAL
DRAFTSM AN , JU N IO R
(Assistant draftsman)
Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman
or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes.
Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare
drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties
under direction of a draftsman.
DRAFTSM AN , L E A D E R
Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in
preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or
preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or
manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the
following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal
orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to
subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult
problems. May assist subordinates during emergencies or as a
regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or
administrative nature.
DRAFTSM AN , SEN IO R
Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or
detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing
purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing
working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to
scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering
computations such as those
T Y P IS T Continued
tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language
material; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical
tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type
routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.
Class B Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from
rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies,
etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more
complex tables already set up and spaced properly.
AND TECH NICAL
DRAFTSM AN , SEN IO R Continued
involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying
completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and
quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes
in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on
pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or
trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as
architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting.
N U R SE, IN D U ST R IA L (R E G IS T E R E D )
A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured
employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on
the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a
combina tion o f the following: Giving first aid to the ill or
injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees* injuries;
keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for
compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations
and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning
and carrying out programs involving health education, accident
prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities
affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.
T R A C E R
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing
cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses
T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple
drawings and do simple lettering.
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M A IN TEN A N C E
C A R P E N T E R , M AIN TEN AN CE
Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and
maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as
bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs,
casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves
most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from
blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a
variety of carpenter s handtools, portable power tools, and
standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations
relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for
the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter
requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a
formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
E L E C T R IC IA N , M AIN TEN AN CE
Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the
installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the
generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an
establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Installing or
repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as
generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit
breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other
transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layout,
or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e
lectrical system or equipment; working standard computations
relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment;
using a variety of electrician s handtools and measuring and
testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance
electrician requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
E N G IN E E R , STA TIO N A R Y
Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of
stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to
supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat,
refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and
maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors,
generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating
equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making
equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery,
temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these
operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing
more than one engineer are excluded.
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D P O W E R P L A N T
FIREM A N , STA T IO N A R Y B O IL E R
Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which
employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or
operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and
safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom
equipment.
H E L P E R , T R A D E S , M AIN TEN AN CE
Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades,
by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as
keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning
working area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding
materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by
journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform
varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined
to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning
working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized
machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by
workers on a full-time basis.
M A CH IN E-TO O L O P ER A T O R , TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine
tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine
lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop
tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the
following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations;
processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of
accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments;
selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making
necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite
tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools
need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and
cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study
purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
M ACHINIST, M A IN TEN A N CE
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of
metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment.
Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written
instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work;
using a variety of machinist s handtools and precision measuring
instruments; setting up and
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22
M ACHINIST, M A IN TEN A N CE Continued
operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to
close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to
dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining;
knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting
standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work;
fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general,
the machinist s work normally requires a rounded training in
machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
M ECHANIC, A UTO M O TIVE (M AIN TEN AN CE)
Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an
establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining
automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling
equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such
handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in
disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts
from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and
installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making
necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights,
or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive
mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired
through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
M ECH AN IC, M AIN TEN A N CE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment.
Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and
mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or
partly d ismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly
involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts;
replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock;
ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or
sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs;
preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the
production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling
machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In
general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a formal
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from
this classification are workers whose primary duties involve
setting up or adjusting machines.
M ILLW RIG H T
Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and
installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant
layout
M ILLW RIG H T Continued
are required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and
laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other
specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making
standard shop computations relating to stresses, strength of
materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of
equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be
used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission
equipment such as