BIOREMEDIATION

BIOREMEDIATION

Sage Lincoln

Pollution

Bioremediation

In-Situ and Ex-Situ Bioremediation

• Ex-Situ • In-Situ

3 MAIN TYPES OF BIOREMEDIATION

• Phytoremediation

• Mycoremediation

• Microbial Bioremediation

Phytoremediation

• Plant Selection– Conditions, ability, rate

• Concentration and size

• 1990, now over 200 sites

Phytoremediation: Metal Hyperaccumulators

Phytoremediation

• Chemically Altering Pollutant

• Hydraulic Control

• Volatilization

Mycoremediation

• Fungi: Nature’s decomposers• Organic compounds, hydrocarbons• Enzymes• Hyperaccumulators

Mycoremediation Examples

• Shiitake Mushroom – pentachlorophenol

• Italian oyster mushrooms – Atrazine

Microbial Bioremediation

• Use of Microorganisms, either natural or added

• Promoted• Use of Contaminants as energy source• Aerobic vs Anaerobic (e donor)

Bioremediation and Genetic Engineering

• Plants have been bred– poplar hybrids• Research • American University of Puerto Rico– Mercury Microbe

• Lots of hopes• Concerns

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Republic Jeffco Landfill

Sources• “A Citizen’s Guide to Bioremediation.” EPA. Sept 2012. <

http://www.epa.gov/tio/download/citizens/a_citizens_guide_to_bioremediation.pdf>• Biello, David. “Slick Solution: How Microbes Will Clean Up the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill.” Scientific American. May 2010.

< http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-microbes-clean-up-oil-spills/>• Donlan, Dana. “Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil.” Montana State University. <

http://waterquality.montana.edu/docs/methane/Donlan.shtml>• “Ex Situ Bioremediation.” Vertase Contaminated Land, Brownfield, and Environmental Contracting Specialists. 2014. <

http://www.vertasefli.co.uk/ex-situ-bioremediation-c47.html>• Granley, Brad. “A Changing Industry: On-site Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate.” Waste Management Solutions. <

http://www.wastesymposium.com/gws2012/CUSTOM/Uploads/GranleyBradFinalAb12.pdf>• Granley, Brad. “Filtering by Forest.” Waste 360. 2009. <http://waste360.com/Landfill_Management/leachate-green-

treatment-process-200905>.• Griggs, Mary Beth. “How Microbes Clean Up our Environmental Messes.” Popular Mechanics. Aug 2011.

<http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/environment/waste/how-microbes-will-clean-up-our-messes>.• “In Situ Bioremediation.” US Department of Energy. 2006. <

http://bioprocess.pnnl.gov/resour/rt3d.in.situ.bioremediation.htm >. • Johnston, Pamela. “Mycoremediation.” The Encyclopedia of Earth. June 2010. <

http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/154739/>• “Leachate Feasibility Study.” Leggete Professional Groundwater and Environmental Engineering Services. <

http://www.lbgweb.com/case-studies-leachate.php>• “Role of Microbes in Bioremediation.” Virginia Tech Civil Engineering Dept. <

http://www.webapps.cee.vt.edu/ewr/environmental/teach/gwprimer/group24/Role.html>• “Using Phytoremediation.” EPA. 2012. <http://www.epa.gov/superfund/accomp/news/phyto.htm>