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Biológia angol nyelven középszint — írásbeli vizsga 0513

Azonosító jel:

BIOLÓGIA ANGOL NYELVEN

BIOLOGY

KÖZÉPSZINTŰ

ÍRÁSBELI VIZSGA STANDARD LEVEL

WRITTEN EXAMINATION

Az írásbeli vizsga időtartama: 120 perc

Duration of written examination: 120 minutes

Number of supplementary pages (Pótlapok száma)

Final copy (tisztázati) Draft (piszkozati)

OKTATÁSI MINISZTÉRIUM MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

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írásbeli vizsga 0513 2 / 16 2005. május 20.

Azonosító jel: Biológia angol nyelven — középszint

Instructions for Candidates

Read this information sheet before you start working. You have 120 minutes to complete the standard level exam paper. The following assignments are open-ended or closed-ended ones.

When answering multiple choice questions one or more CAPITAL LETTERS should be written into the empty boxes. These are the codes for the right answer(s). Make sure that your letters are unambiguous, because uncertain answers will not be accepted. In case of correction you are asked TO CROSS OUT the wrong letter clearly and TO WRITE THE CODE FOR THE RIGHT ONE BESIDE. When answering open-ended questions technical terms, short answers of 1-or-2 words, a sentence or several sentences should be created. Take care of GRAMMATICAL CORRECTNESS. Grammatically ambiguous or unintelligible answers (e.g. uncertain subject in a sentence) will not be accepted even if the right answer is included. Use black or blue ink. DON’T WRITE INTO THE GREY-

-COLOURED BOXES.

We wish you a good work.

A D A D C B D Correct Acceptable Wrong



I. Proteins and nucleic acids 8 points Put the letter of the correct answer in the blank column of the table. A) Proteins B) Nucleic acids C) Both of them D) None of them

1. Its monomers are aminoacids. 2. It is a constituent of chromosomes. 3. Ribosomes play role in its synthesis. 4. Its monomers are linked by peptide bonds. 5. Cellulose belongs to this group. 6. It is a macromolecule. 7. It is able to duplicate (replicate) itself. 8. It is a constituent of viruses.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Total

II. Vision and vision disorders 6 points

In the picture by the Dutch painter the art expert wearing eyeglasses examines the work of art leaning close to it.

1. What vision disorder may the art expert

have?

…………………………………………...

2. What type of lens is in his eyeglasses?

…………………………………………...

3. Where is the image formed in an eye of a person of normal vision or vision corrected by eyeglasses?

A) On the lens. B) On the cornea. C) On the choroid. D) On the retina. E) On the sclera.

Peter Brueghel Sen.: The painter and the art expert. Drawing from 1565.



Fill the gaps of the text below by three terms selected from the list.

iris, retina, ciliary body, lens, takes flatter shape, takes more round shape, contract, relax

In a healthy eye when focusing on close objects the muscles of the (4)……………………….. (5)…………………………… , and the lens (6) …………………………… in this case . If the elasticity of the lens decreases – which is common in older age – this change takes place only slightly or not at all.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Total

III. Blood groups and their inheritance 11 point 1. Prior to surgery or blood transfusion the blood group of the blood recipient (patient) is

carefully examined. What is the general rule of blood transfusion? (1 point)

……..……………………………………………………………………………………………

……...……………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The Rh blood group system is inherited in a dominant-recessive way. The “D” gene variety

determining Rh+ blood group is the dominant, while the “d” is the recessive gene variety. What can be the genotype of a person of Rh+ blood group? Put the letter of the correct answer in the box.

A) only DD B) only dd C) DD or Dd D) only Dd E) DD, Dd or dd.



Examine the pedigree chart indicating the known blood groups of the members of this family. Éva has blood group A, Ádám has B. They have three children: Péter has AB, Pál has B, and Emese has blood group 0. Emese marries Bendegúz who has blood group AB. 3. Identify the blood groups of Éva and Ádám in the AB0 blood group system. Use the IA, IB

and I0 signs throughout your work. (2 points) Éva: ……………………….. Ádám: ……………………………… 4. Emese and Bendegúz had twins: Zsolt and Jenő. Using the blood groups shown in the

pedigree chart, decide whether they are identical (monozygotic) or non-identical (dizygotic) twins. (Assuming that no mutation happened.) ……………………….. (1 point)

5. Briefly give evidence for your previous answer. (1 point) …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. What can be the blood group of Zsolt in the AB0 blood group system? ………… (1 point)

7. Emese would like to have a third child. After the birth of the twins she was given a treatment that ensures the healthy embryonic development of her next child. What immunological process made this treatment necessary? (1 point)

………………………………………………………………………...………………………… …………………………………………………………………………...………………………

B

B AB AB

? Rh+

? Rh—

A

0

Rh—

Ádám Éva

Péter Pál Emese Bendegúz

Zsolt Jenő



8. What was the genotype in the Rh blood group system of Bendegúz, the father of the twins? Use the signs „D” and „d” (Assuming that no mutation happened.). (1 point)

……………………………………. 9. Is it possible that both parents of Emese were Rh+? (Assuming that no mutation happened.)

Give reasons for your answer. (2 points) …………………………………………………………………………………………...………

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Total

IV. The evolution of vascular plants 8 points Write the number of evolutionary “innovations” next to the name of the group which first featured it. (One number can match only one group.)

1. a closed ovary 2. tissues 3. organs 4. flower 5. seed 6. fruit 7. colourful corolla (petals) 8. reproduction independent of water

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Total

V. The behaviour of the brick-layer bee 6 points Each correct answer is awarded by 1 point J. H. Fabre a French ethologist was one of scientists who studied the behaviour of insects experimentally. On one occasion he was studying the parental care of brick-layer bees. These are solitary insects, the female cares for its offspring alone by building a small pipe, which it fills with pollen and nectar, then lays its egg in it and then seals it. It does not meet the next generation because it dies soon afterwards. In his observations quoted below Fabre recorded how the bee fills the pipe with food. The bee returning from the gathering carries out two procedures. First it puts its head in the tube to empty its honey crop then it departs slightly and returns with abdomen facing ahead to get rid of pollen, sweeping it off from its abdomen into the pipe. When the insect prepares to put its abdomen into the pipe I gently push it away with a straw. By doing so I prevent the

Pteridophytes: …………………

Gymnosperms: …………………

Angiosperms: …………………



second procedure. At this point the bee starts the whole process all over again that is it puts its head into the pipe though it has nothing to cast out since its honey crop is already empty. This first procedure is followed by the insertion of the abdomen into the pipe. Now I divert the bee again. The series of actions is repeated, starting always with the insertion of the head. It is repeated as many times as the observer wishes. (...) In some cases it inserts its head fully, sometimes only half-way, in other cases it signals its intentions by simply nodding its head. In either case this action is totally senseless, because the emptying of its honey crop is an already completed process. This is the spring of such a machine whose engine does not start until the gear-wheel starts to rotate.

Fabre: The interchanged nests (Translated by Attila Puskás.)

1. The elements of the parental behaviour of the brick-layer bee are indicated by letters. Using the text put the letters in the boxes below in chronological order. (1 point)

A B C D E

Turns around Sweeping off the pollen grains

Putting nectar into the pipe

Inserting its head into he pipe

Lands on the pipe

2. On the row of boxes above mark the point with a vertical arrow where the experimenter interfered in the process.

3. What did Fabre want to figure out when he carried out this experiment? Put the letter of the

correct answer in the box.

A) How the insect learns to fill the pipe. B) How much nectar the insect can carry one occasion. C) Whether the insect remembers its previous actions. D) Whether the order of the elements of the insect’s behaviour can change. E) Whether the insect continues the filling up of the pipe even in the presence of man.

4. Referring to the text give evidence in one sentence that it can be stated for certain that the

behaviour of the brick-layer bee can NOT be explained by imprinting. ...………………………………………………………………………………………………… …….…………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. Fabre’s conclusion is that the brick-layer bee fills the pipe like a machine, without

consideration. How would the insect behave if it were aware of the purpose of its action and it were able to influence it?

…...……………………………………………………………………………………………… ...…………………………………………………………………………………………………



6. The observation by Fabre was an experiment. Explain why it cannot be called simply an observation?

...………………………………………………………………………………………………… ...………………………………………………………………………………………………… …...………………………………………………………………………………………………

VI. The environment and the body structure of Reptiles 10 points Each correct answer is awarded by 1 point. The green lizard shown in the picture is a protected reptile living in rocky, grassy and sunny environments. It feeds on insects active in the summer. Select its characteristics. Put the letter of the correct answer in the box. 1. Integument/skin: A) Cornified (keratinized) epithelium, lacks

(thermal) insulating layer. B) Mucous skin with poison glands. 2. Respiration: A) With lungs, without cutaneous (skin)

respiration. B) With lungs of small internal surface,

with cutaneous respiration. 3. Body temperature: A) Depends on the environment (variable). B) Regulated (changes within narrow

limits). 4. Reproduction: A) Internal fertilisation, incubates its eggs

by body heat. B) Internal fertilisation, its eggs are

incubated by the Sun. 5. Circulation: A) Closed circulatory system, blood rich in oxygen and blood rich in carbon

dioxide mix in the ventricles , its metabolism is of varying intensity. B) Closed circulatory system, blood rich in oxygen and blood rich in carbon dioxide do not

mix in its two chambered heart.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Total



Outline (in one sentence) the relationships between the environment, body structure and life style of the green lizard indicated by numbers. The sentence indicated by P exemplifies the composition of the sentence.

P: Due to the unavailability of food and cold weather, its body cools down and it is compelled into dormancy in winter.

6. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Total

PROPERTIES OF HABITAT: HUMIDITY AND TEMPEATURE

OF THE AIR, SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE

AVAILABILITY OF FOOD

REPRODUCTION, FERTILISATION

6

P

9 CIRCULATION,METABOLISM

THE HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE INTEGUMENTUM

RESPIRATION

8BODY TEMPERATURE

7

10



VII. Our bad habit of eating titbits and nibbling 10 points When we go to a movie or we are preparing for watching the evening film on TV plastic bags and trays filled with “delicacies” turn up. While watching the film softer or louder noises tell the diminishing of popcorn, chips, candies, biscuits and salted peanuts. We can read the following on the packaging of a jelly-filled biscuit ideal for nibbling:

Ingredients: sugar, wheat flour, potato starch, glucose syrup, apple-concentrate, jellifying substance (pectin), cocoa butter, cocoa powder, acidity regulator (citric acid), volume boosters (sodium bicarbonate, ammonium-bicarbonate), vegetable oil, emulsifying agent (soya lecithin), salt and colouring.

1. Select the two nutrients from the list below and write their names on the dotted line.

(1 point)

potato starch, salt, glucose syrup, sodium bicarbonate

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Which component listed below can be utilised directly, without digestion by the human

body? Write its name on the dotted line. (1 point)

wheat flour, potato starch, glucose syrup, vegetable oil

…………………………………………………………………………………………………... 3. According to the regulations of the European Union the ingredients have to be listed

precisely (by E-numbers or by precise naming of the compounds) on all foodstuffs. Did the distributors of the biscuits meet these requirements in all respects? Support (explain) your answer.

(1 point)

………………………………………...…………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………...……………… Which of the above mentioned substances are digested with the help of the digestive juices below? Put the letter of the correct answer in the empty column of the table.

A) potato starch B) vegetable oil C) both of them D) none of them

4. Saliva

5. Gastric juice

6. Pancreatic juice

7. Bile



8. On the packaging it was indicated, that the packet contains 150 g of product, and the energy content of 100 g of the product is 1600 kJ. What is the amount of the ‘extra’ energy intake by a person who nibbles away half a packet during the film? Show your calculations. (2 points)

9. Knowing the ingredients and the typical way of its consumption, select the two diseases from the list below, whose development can NOT be promoted by the regular consumption of the sweet in question. Put the letters of the correct answers in the boxes.

A) Osteoporosis. B) Tooth decay (caries). C) Obesity. D) Appendicitis. E) Diabetes.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Total



VIII. Two types of forest 11 points Each correct answer is awarded by 1 point The sketch below shows the structure of two wooded areas observed during a school field trip. In area A there was planted poplar*, a while in area B there was semi-natural oak forest. The poplar trees were created asexually from the somatic (body) cells of Canadian poplar. This species is an excellent “cellulose producer” due to its quick growth. Compare the characteristics of the two areas. Put the correct letter in the blank cell next to the statement. *nyár Area A Area B

4 herbaceous species in the undergrowth

23 herbaceous species in the undergrowth

2 bird species observed 12 bird species observed

A) Characteristic of poplar plantation. B) Characteristic of semi-natural oak forest. C) Characteristic of both. D) Characteristic of none.

1. Community or group of communities.

2. It shelters a variety of insects living in decayed wood and tree hole dwelling birds.

3. It was established primarily for economic purposes.

4. The genetic variety of trees is low (often the descendants of a single clone).

5. Its undergrowth is rich, it is composed of many species.

6. Alien (non-native) species and weed species are typical here.

7. Its species composition cannot be affected by human influence.

8. If the rate of organic matter production exceeds that of the breakdown of organic matter, it increases the oxygen content of air.

Oak forest Poplar plantation



Students measured the diameter of each tree in a selected 20x20 m area in both forests. Using these data the age of the trees can be estimated. They added up the obtained data and presented them in two graphs. What do the two axes represent? 9. Axis X: ………………………………………………………

10. Axis Y: ………………………………………………………

11. How do you account for the different distributions owing to human influence? (1 point)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Total

Poplar plantation Semi-natural forest

Y Y

X X



IX. The oxygen cycle in nature 10 points Select the appropriate terms from the list below and write them on the dotted lines after the numbers. Some of the terms will not be needed. Each correct answer is awarded by 1 point

autotrophic, producing oxygen, photosynthesis, cytoplasm, producers,

heterotrophic organisms, cellular respiration, water, carrier molecules, oxygen,

chemosynthesis, is released into the environment, decomposers

In the biosphere and within it in the communities substances are in permanent cycling. Plants

take up minerals, carbon dioxide and (1)………..………….. from their environment. . In the

process of (2)………..…………… they produce starch from the materials taken up with the

help of light energy, while breaking down water and (3)…………………………... .

The organic materials of (4)…………………….. are used by consumers and

(5)……………..….……….. Most of the (6)…………………………… release the energy

stored in organic compounds with the help of oxygen produced by plants in the process of

(7)…………………………. In this process the carbon backbone of organic molecules turns

into carbon dioxide, hydrogen is transferred to (8)……………………. During the final

(terminal) oxidation the hydrogen bound to a carrier molecule fuses with molecular

(9)………………………., and water and ATP are produced. Water

(10)…………………………. as a result of excretion, evaporation and respiration

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Total





Points awarded

(Elért pontszám)

Points attainable

(Maximális pontszám)

I. Proteins and nucleic acids 8 II. Vision and vision disorders 6 III. Blood groups and their inheritance 11 IV. The evolution of vascular plants 8 V. The behaviour of the brick-layer bee 6 VI. The environment and the body structure of Reptiles 10 VII. Our bad habit of eating titbits and nibbling 10 VIII. Two types of forest 11 IX. The oxygen cycle in nature 10 No. of points in the Paper (Az írásbeli dolgozat pontszáma): 80

No. of points in the written examination part (Az írásbeli vizsgarész pontszáma): 100

Achievement (percentage) Minősítés (százalék)

Marking teacher

(javító tanár) ___________________________________________________________________________

Points awarded

(Elért pontszám)

Points included in

the programme

(A programba

beírt ponszám)

Paper (the No. of points in the written examination part) (Feladatsor (az írásbeli vizsgarész pontszáma)):

Marking teacher (javító tanár) Registar (jegyző)

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