Biocidals and Respiratory Effects - Adverse respiratory effects related to occupational exposure to chlorine-based cleaning products Institute for Occupational Health of R. Macedonia, Skopje WHO Collaborative Center GA 2 LEN Collaborative Center Prof. Jordan Minov, MD PhD 3 rd International Biocidal Congress Antalya, Turkey, November 22-25, 2016
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Biocidals and Respiratory Effects- Adverse respiratory effects
related to occupational exposure to chlorine-based cleaning products
Institute for Occupational Health of R. Macedonia, SkopjeWHO Collaborative Center
GA2LEN Collaborative Center
Prof. Jordan Minov, MD PhD
3rd International Biocidal Congress Antalya, Turkey, November 22-25, 2016
Biocides
Biocides are defined in the European legislation as chemical substances or microorganisms
intended to destroy, deter, render harmless, or exert a controlling effect on any harmful organisms by chemical or biological means
Biocides
Biocidal products (BP)
The products containing one or more biocidal active substances (mostly chemical products)
and other non-active co-formulants that ensure the effectiveness as well as desired characteristics
(pH, viscosity, color, odor, etc.) of the final product
BP classification
According to the Biocidal Product Regulation (BPR) EU 528/2012,BP are classified into 22 product types (application categories),
grouped in four main groups:
- Disinfectants and general biocidal products (five product types)- Preservatives (eight product types)- Pest control (seven product types)
- Other biocidal types (two product types)
BP Main Group 1 – Disinfectants and general biocidal products Chemical substances used to destroy
vegetative microbes (bacteria and fungi) and viruses on surfaces, materials, medical equipment and other man-made objects
SanitizersChemicals able to kill 99+ % of microorganisms in applicable situations
Antiseptics Chemicals able to prevent growth and reproduction of various microbes, but do not destroy them,
used to disinfect skin
The ideal disinfectant should offer complete sterilization without harming other forms of life, be inexpensive, and non-corrosive.
An ideal disinfectant does not exist.
All disinfectants are, by their very nature, potentially harmful for humans and animalsand should be used with appropriate care
Disinfectants
Common disinfectants:
- Chlorine and its compounds(hypochlorites, chlorine dioxide, chloramine, sodium chlorite/chlorate, etc.)
- Iodine - Alcohol
- Hydrogen peroxide- Phenol and other phenolics
- Ozone- Potassium permanganate
- Quaternary ammonium salts- Toluene
Disinfectants
Disinfectants
The choice of disinfectant to be used depends on the particular situation.Some disinfectants have a wide spectrum (kill nearly all microrganisms),
other kill a smaller range of disease-causing microorganisms, but are preferred for other properties
(may not be corrosive and relatively not toxic to humans)
There is a recommendation not to mix disinfectants(especially those used in people’s homes)
with other cleaning products as chemical reactions can occur
www.globalsafe.com.au
Chlorine
symbol Cl, atomic number 17, relative atomic mass 35.5
halogen groupyellow-green diatomic gas
highly reactivethe highest electron affinity
and the third highest electronegativity of all reactive elements