BIO-INSPIRED RED-BAY LEAF SHAPED ANTENNA FOR …Abstract: In this paper, a new bio inspired design for a microstrip patch antenna is discussed. The antenna is designed using RT Duroid
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BIO-INSPIRED RED-BAY LEAF SHAPED ANTENNA FOR NARROW BAND APPLICATIONS
Dr. V. Latha, Professor- Electronics and Communication Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66,
India.Divya Rajagopal, B.E.Electronics and Communication Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66,
R. Kiruthika, B.E.Electronics and Communication Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66,
L. Reshma, B.E.Electronics and Communication Engineering,Velammal Engineering College, Chennai-66,
Abstract: In this paper, a new bio inspired design for a microstrip patch antenna is discussed. The antenna is designed using RT Duroid 5880 substrate and a slotted ground plane. The objective of the antenna is to work around a frequency of 2.512GHz with a bandwidth of 38MHz.The Return loss, Radiation efficiency, Gain and VSWR simulation results for the antenna are extracted. The fabricated antenna is tested in the physical environment and the results shows that the antenna performance is suitable for several military, medical and monitoring applications. The extracted parameters are compared with the test results of the fabricated antenna.
Keywords: Antenna, CST software, Frequency domain, ISM band, Microstrip patch antenna, RTDuroid 5880, Slotted antenna.
1. INTRODUCTION
Wireless communication is one of the key areas in the
growing technology. It finds its application in almost every
discipline of technology. It is now applied in the field of
medicine, defence, communication, environmental studies etc.
The antennas are finding major applications in bio imaging
[3], Bio monitoring as in the case of RFID, telemetry,
monitoring of flora and fauna, Military [10] etc. Hence, the
need for developing new antenna designs which are
application specific is becoming important.
The microstrip patch antenna is one of the antenna types that
is finding application in latest inventions for its small size and
planar structure. It is also highly regarded for its low
fabrication cost and its capability to support the dual
polarisation and high frequency applications. The structure of
patch antenna is composed of three layers namely the Ground
plane, Substrate and the Patch. The patch can take any shape
and the dimensions of the patch also contributes to the amount
of energy that is radiated. The feeding point to the patch also
characterises the loss of the antenna due to impedance
matching. Three types of feeding methods can be
implemented namely, the corner feed, Inset feed, coaxial feed.
The substrate holds the fringing fields which are responsible
of radiation of electromagnetic waves. The selection of
substrate and its thickness [7] plays an important role in
deciding the parameters of the antenna. A good dielectric
constant is characterised with low dielectric constant and
should aid at low loss, good radiation of antenna and larger
bandwidth and low return loss.
The ground plane confines the electric fields due to the
fringing effect from the underside of the antenna. The
characteristics of the ground plane also influences the antenna
performance parameters. The ground plane dimensions must
be carefully selected. Hence, the proposed leaf shaped patch
antenna [8] is designed to be used for applications like
environmental monitoring such as animal monitoring using
RFID tags and for monitoring the number of trees in the
particular radius of area using RFID [6] to keep a check on the
illegal timber extraction. This paper deals with improvisation
of [2] to obtain improved return loss. The return loss
improvement is brought about by including slots in the ground
plane. The shape and size of the slot and its position around
the patch alters the effect of the slot on the bandwidth and
return loss value.
2. ANTENNA DESIGN
The length and width of the ground plane and the substrate are
the same having dimensions of 60mm x 40mm.The ground
plane is made out of copper annealed material with a thickness
of 0.3mm. The ground plane is designed with two slots to
improve the antenna gain and performance [4]. The substrate
material is selected to be RT Duroid 5880 (Rogers Duroid
5880 (Lossy) as in CST Software) with a thickness of 1.5mm.
The substrate material chosen has a dielectric constant of
2.2[9]. The patch is made Leaf shaped with Copper annealed
material with a thickness of 1mm. The patch is corner fed and