BBP Basics 3

8/15/2019 BBP Basics 3

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Technology and SolutionsProtection and Substation Automation

Topic:

BUSBAR

PROTECTION

APPLICATION

BASICS 3BASICS 3


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Topic Objectives

r Busbar Zones & Protection Zones in a double busbar

system

r Current assignment

r Intertripping

r In- and Outputs in a double busbar system

r Busbar Zones & Protection Zones during Load

Transfer

r Load Transfer / Coupler Bypass Functions

r Busbar Zones & Protection Zones in a double busbar

system with section isolators

Objectives


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Single Busbar without coupler

= 1 protection zone

= 1 measurement system

Busbar Zones & Protection Zones (Repetition)


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BB1 BB2


Single Busbar with coupler (2 CTs)

= 2 protection zones

= 2 measurement systems


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BB1 BB2


Single Busbar with coupler (1 CT)

= 2 protection zones

= 2 measurement systems


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Busbar Zones & Protection Zones

in a double busbar system


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How many protection zonesare included in the system

???



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2 protection zones: Zone 1 & Zone 2


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Coupler

current


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To which zone will thecoupler current be assigned

???In which conditions will the

coupler current be assigned???


Repetition:


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⇒ the coupler current willbe assigned to zone 1 andzone 2, if

- the CB is closed

- the CB close command is active

- there is no active tripping signalfrom the intertripping system



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feeder

current


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To which Zone will thefeeder current be assigned

???In which conditions will the

feeder current be assigned???



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⇒ the feeder current will beassigned to the zonesdepending on the isolator

positions. If - isolator BB1 is closed ⇒ to Zone 1

- isolator BB2 is closed ⇒ to Zone 2



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feeder

current


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Measurement systems

Fault condition /

Tripping

Zone 1

Zone 2

⇒Trip measurement

system 21 2 4 5

3


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Intertripping

Tripping flow chart

TRIP BBP

zone 1

TRIP CB 1

TRIP CB 2

TRIP CB 3

Measurement

systems

Intertripping

system

TRIP BBP

zone 2 TRIP CB 4

TRIP CB 5

CB and

isolator

positions

Only the Intertripping

System „knows“ the

position of theisolators / CBs !!!


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Intertripping

Tripping flow chart

trip all CBs

connected

to zone 2

TRIP BBP

zone 1

TRIP CB 2

Measurement

systems

Intertripping

system

TRIP BBP

zone 2

TRIP CB 1

TRIP CB 3

TRIP CB 4

TRIP CB 5

CB and

isolator

positions

The Intertripping

System will send the

tripping commandsto the CBs depending

on the position of the

isolators !!!


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Supervision of Isolator Position

What is essential for

the current assignment???


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⇒ it must be guaranteed that the position ofthe isolators is correct

If not, there is a risk of maloperation !!!

⇒ therefore a supervision must be integratedto detect a undefined Isolator Position

This is realized in the same way as thesupervision of the coupler CB



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isolator

open

= 1

t

isolator

closed

≥1

t > isolator running (from the “open into the “closed”position / from the “closed into the “open” position)


= 1switching

prohibited

isolator alarm

Supervision


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isolator

open

&

isolator

closedinternal:

isolator closed

Also the memory of the position in case of missing aux.

supply is realised in the same way as in the coupler CB

R

S

S

Rinternal:

isolator open



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isolator

open

= 1

t

isolator

closed

≥ 1

Supervision of Circuit Breaker (& Isolator) Position

= 1

switching

prohibited

isolator alarm

as well as the “accept isolator alarm”

R

S

&

isolator alarm

accept

“isolator alarm”

blocking

(opt ional)


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Isolator auxiliary circuits

Isolator

open

Isolator

closed

++

protection

system

NC aux.

contacts

Phase

R

S

T

Phase

R S T

early make

NO aux.

contacts

The closing command (compared to coupler CB) is

not required. Early m ake NO contacts are requiredinstead


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Busbar Zones & Protection Zones - Load Transfer

Load transfer

(or coupler CB bypass)

Load transfer from e.g. busbar 1 to busbar 2


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How has the situation

changed in case of a loadtransfer

???


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⇒ zone 1 and zone 2 areconnected

⇒ there is only oneprotection zone active



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only 1 protection zone is active



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e.g.: I1 = 2000 A I2 = 3000 A I3 = 1000 A

Fault condition



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What would be thedifferential and

restrained current in thatsituation

???



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∆ I =

=

=

Σ l =

=

=



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∆ I = + I1 - I1 + I2 + I3

= + 2000 A - 2000 A + 3000 A + 1000 A

= 4000 A

Σ l = + I1+ - I1 + + I2 + +I3

= + 2000 A + 2000 A + 3000 A + 1000 A

= 8000 A



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D i f f e r e n t i a

l c u r r e n

t I d

i f f =

| Σ

I |

Restraint current IRest =Σ

| I |

i n t e

r n a l f a

u l t

no fault

Ikmin

k= 0,85

k= 1

0



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l c u r r e n

t I d

i f f =

| Σ

I |

Restraint current IRest =Σ

| I |

i n t e

r n a l f a

u l t

no fault

Ikmin

k= 0,85

k= 1

0

⇒ no trip will occur !!!



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What “dangerous”situation would be

generated in case of faultcondition (without any

additional logic)

???


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⇒ the coupler current will be assigned 2times to the measurement system:

1 * positive

1 * negative

⇒ one of that current will simulate ancurrent which is flowing out of the

measurement system (external fault)

⇒ this could prevent a trip in case of abusbar fault


In case of fault condition


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Coupler functions ΙΙΙ

How can thissituations be avoided

???


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(= coupler blocking)


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⇒ by deactivating of thecurrent measurement in the

coupler in case of CouplerBypass



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Input

Current

signal

CB open Current signal to

measurementsystem

&≥ 1 t

trip from

BBP ≥ 1

CT bypass

~120 ms

t = circuit breaker reclaim time (higher than the highest

possible CB opening time + arc extinguish time

B b Z & P t ti Z L d T f


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e.g.: I1 = 2000 A I2 = 3000 A I3 = 1000 A

measurement

deactivated

I1 = 0 A


B b Z & P t ti Z L d T f


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What would be thedifferential and

restrained current in thatsituation

???


B sbar Zones & Protection Zones Load Transfer


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∆ I =

=

=

Σ l =

=

=


Busbar Zones & Protection Zones Load Transfer


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∆ I = + I1 - I1 + I2 + I3

= + 0 A - 0 A + 3000 A + 1000 A

= 4000 A

Σ l = + I1+ - I1 + + I2 + +I3

= + 0 A + 0 A + 3000 A + 1000 A

= 4000 A




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l c u r r e n

t I d

i f f =

| Σ

I |

Restraint current IRest

= Σ | I |

i n t e

r n a l f a

u l t

no fault

Ikmin

k= 0,85k= 1

0




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l c u r r e n

t I d

i f f =

| Σ

I |

Restraint current IRest

= Σ | I |

i n t e

r n a l f a

u l t

no fault

Ikmin

k= 0,85k= 1

0

⇒ trip will occur !!!




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in a double busbar system with section isolators



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How many protection zonesare included in the system

???




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4 protection zones: Zone 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B



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in a double busbar system with section isolators (closed)



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How many protection zonesare active in the system

???




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3 active protection zones: Zone 1, 2A, 2B

BBP Basics 3

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