Battery Hardware in the Loop

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Battery Hardware in the Loop

Neeraj ShidoreArgonne National LaboratorySponsored by Lee Slezak

DOE Merit Review28 February, 2008

This presentation does not contain any proprietary or confidential information

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Battery Hardware in the Loop ( BHIL) : A real battery(energy storage) in a virtual vehicle

Environmental Chamber

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Hardware description

Virtual Vehicle (dSPACE),DAQ (NI Compact Rio). J CS VL41M ( 72 cells, 260 V nominal,

41 Ah, liquid cooled)

ABC-150 HVDC power supply

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Significance of Battery HIL: component evaluationand systems integration

Battery testing:

(performed at module

Level)Performance tests

(e.g. HPPC)Calendar life tests

Battery evaluation

In a vehicle (vehicle

Benchmarking)

Frozen controls, vehicleplatform

Battery evaluation

in a flexiblevehicle systems context

AND/OR

Vehicle System response

to various

Vehicle conditions

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Accomplishments in FY07 funding $ 400K

6, 89.11

2, 95.151.4, 95.5

6, 21.5

2, 7

1.4, 5

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

0 2 4 6 8

Charger Power (kW)

Batteryroundtripefficiency

(%)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Batterychargingcurrent-

RMS(A)

1. Impact of different charger ratings onbattery roundtrip efficiency.

2. Validation of ANL developed VL41M modelWith BHIL

Same current is sent

3. Sensitivity of Charge sustaining FEto operation at different SOCs

3. All electric range for a midsize, crossover andSUV with the VL41M at 20 C

o

6, 89.11

2, 95.151.4, 95.5

6, 21.5

2, 7

1.4, 5

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

0 2 4 6 8

Charge r Powe r (kW)

Batter

yroundtrip

efficiency

(%

)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Batte

rycharging

curren

t-

RMS

(A)

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Accomplishments in FY08 total funding $ 500K-total funding spent - $ 150 K

Battery HIL (phase 2): Expandedset-up with a state of the art DCpower supply and environmentalchamber.

Impact of cold temperature on theEV range using a VL41M.

WFO with SK Energy impact ofmodifications of BMS on vehiclefuel economy and battery.

Initial

batterytemperature

EVrange

(miles)

Rise intemperature

( degrees C)

20 17.3 9

0 15.7 14

-7 15 160 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Time in seconds

Temperatureind

egreesC

9 degrees rise intemperture

No cooling:14 degrees rise in

temperture

No cooling:16 degrees rise intemperture

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Future Work for FY08 and Beyond

Impact of different blended mode strategies (rates of SOC depletion) onbattery temperature rise (battery life) vis--vis improvement in petroleumdisplacement.

Evaluation of vehicle controls and battery energy management for extremecold and hot battery conditions to more fully investigate observations madewith ANL on-road data on HEVs and PHEVs over wide extremes ofambient temperatures.

Battery Evaluation in a systems context:

Evaluation of other PHEV batteries in a vehicle system.

Create a standard evaluation matrix for comparison of batteries as a

system, which includesState of charge window

Temperature rise

Regen versus state of charge, temperature

Charging efficiency, time.

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What is the Value of Battery HIL and Support to OtherVehicle Technology Activities

Battery HIL

OEMs, USABC

System level evaluation of batteries.Comparison of battery technology.

Backbone forother Energy Storage experiments;e.g. Ultra capacitor-Battery HIL

PHEV test procedure

development (SAE J1711)

Study and understanding of non-linearbattery behavior important.

PSATValidation of battery models.

Furthering energy managementstrategies to include battery life impacts

and cold/hot temperature effects.

Battery Manufacturers

Evaluationof battery

management controller.Battery thermal designand management .

MATT

1.Validation of battery models.

2. Complements PHEVemissions work.

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To Summarize:

Advanced energy sources are the enablers of PHEV technology, and yetremain the main technical challenge.

Battery issues such as sizing/chemistry effects on life, cost and extremetemperature performance are directly linked to battery usage in a vehicle(i.e., battery systems integration is as important as cell development).

Battery HIL is an ideal tool for

Understanding the vehicle system integration issues that exist.

Evaluating the impact of cell level development on a system level.

.

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Publications

Rousseau, A., Shidore, N., Carlson, R., Freyermuth, V., Research onPHEV Battery Requirements and Evaluation of Early Prototypes, AABC2007, Long Beach (May 2007).

Neeraj Shidore, Lohse-Busch, H., Smith R., Bohn T., Sharer P.,Component and subsystem evaluation in a systems context usingHardware in the LoopVPPC 2007, Arlington, TX ( August2007).

Shidore, N., Lohse-Busch, H., Duoba, M., Bohn T., Sharer P., PHEV AllElectric Range and fuel economy in charge sustaining mode for low SOCoperation of the J CS-VL41M using Battery HIL , EVS-23, Anaheim, CA( December 2007).

Neeraj Shidore and Ted Bohn, Evaluation of the cold temperatureperformance of the J CS VL41M battery using BHIL, to be presented atSAE World Congress 2008.

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