Barriers to media development

Presented to Professor Ramzan Azhar By M Zamir Assadi (MS Media & Communication Studies 1 IIUI)

• The Technologies used to transmit information/messages

• The Organizations & People (Corporations, Governments, Journalists, PR/Advertising, etc.)

• Media development refers to • Flow of information • Facilitation• People and institutions • A community or society

Cont….

• Barriers that limits growth of media

• Block the access of education, information

• Entertainment to audience.

• Physical Barriers

• Cultural Barriers

• Economic Barriers

• Governmental Barriers

• Media Barriers

• Technological Barriers

• Geographic – Islands, Mountains, Water (Oceans)

• Time Zones

• Infrastructure -- Roads, Bridges, Buildings Scarcity of Resources

• Effective communication with people of different cultures is especially challenging.

• Illiteracy

• Multilingualism

• Religion

• Well developed media demand strong economies, BBC (England), CNN (US), AFP (France) etc.

• Intimidation• Tax investigation• Defamation• Licensing• Censorship• Seizure• Travel restrictions• Jailing• Death Threats• Lack of protection• Death

• Lack of training

• Lack of objectivity

• Loss of credibility

• Self censorship

• Technology is a barrier to media development and a potential destroyer of barriers.

• Safety for the Pakistani journalists

• Media distortion

• Information vacuum

• Corruption

• Pakistani media faced restrictions and journalists were beaten lashes

• Democratic governments have also used various tactics to pressurize media and to stop development like

• Tax cases• Withholding newsprint • Ban on official advertisement

• Political parties also threatens media in Pakistan

• Several media barriers are hindering in way of free media development as discussed above but nor barriers can be completely overcome neither media can be silent. Therefore all stakeholders should focus on ethics, training and dialogue between the civil society, media and other key stakeholders to utilize media for the interest of society.

• http://www.aiou.edu.pk/gmj/artical1%28b%29.asp

• http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/peace/problem/cultrbar.htm

• http://www.studymode.com/essays/Media-1431925.html

• http://bba2sectiong.wordpress.com/2013/03/17/pakistan-media-challenges/

• Presentation on Barriers to media development

• Http://www.Learningace.Com/doc/7721208/c176d28dcff5aff7f8d8e8902a4a1856/4-barriers-to-media-development-paul-parsons-glenn-w-scott-richard-landesberg

• http://www.fredonia.edu/department/communication/schwalbe/cm385/tsld032.htm

• http://en.rsf.org/pakistan-newspaper-trucks-latest-target-of-03-06-2014,46389.html

• http://www.theguardian.com/media/greenslade/2014/jun/09/press-freedom-pakistan

• https://www.ifex.org/pakistan/1998/01/22/journalists_arrested_and_released/

• http://tribune.com.pk/story/378820/journalists-flogged-during-zias-time-say-they-were-proud-of-punishment

Cont….

• Questions & Answers session