B O N N E V I L L E P O W E R A D M I N I S T R A T I O N Bonneville Power Administration - Pumped Storage Evaluation Northwest Hydroelectric Association.

B O N N E V I L L E P O W E R A D M I N I S T R A T I O N

Bonneville Power Administration - Pumped Storage EvaluationBonneville Power Administration - Pumped Storage Evaluation

Northwest Hydroelectric Association Meeting Feb 24, 2011Northwest Hydroelectric Association Meeting Feb 24, 2011

Reclamation’s John W. Keys III Pump Generating Plant at Grand Coulee

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Lake Roosevelt

Pipe to theFeeder Canal and Banks Lake

Pump-Generating Plant

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Utility Balancing Authority

InstalledWind(A)

PeakLoad(B)

WindPenetration

(A/B)

PacifiCorp East 860 5,689 15%

PacifiCorp West 250 3,555 7%PNM 200 2,500 8%Northwestern Energy

150 1,724 8%

CAISO 2,800 49,071 6%ERCOT 5,800 62,400 9%BPA 2009 2,600 10,500 25%BPA 2010 3,379 10,500 32%

Wind Power is Growing Fast !!!Wind Power is Growing Fast !!!

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Energy Storage for Support of Wind IntegrationEnergy Storage for Support of Wind Integration

“I want to assure you the Administration places a priority on improving the Nation's capabilities to integrate renewable resources into its electricity supply. I support the full exploration of pumped storage potential in the context of providing necessary intermittent renewable integration services. Pumped storage has unique potential in the Pacific Northwest where a higher percentage of wind generation has already been integrated into the region's transmission system than anywhere else in the Nation.”

─ U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu, in a letter to the Governors of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Montana; July 10, 2009

The Northwest Power and Conservation Council draft 6th Power Plan points out that pumped storage is one of the few storage concepts with “bulk” storage potential.

BPA’s draft Resource Program considers that pumped storage could provide BPA with a unique opportunity to return flexibility to the Federal hydro system.

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Wind Generation in the Last WeekWind Generation in the Last Week

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“Accurate Scheduling Model”

Actual accumulated generation imbalance

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Pumped Storage Evaluation – Overall PlanPumped Storage Evaluation – Overall Plan

Information Gathering Pumped Storage Evaluation Specific Build Decisions

1. Evaluate Storage Technology Options (PNNL)

2. Evaluate State of the Art Pumped Storage (MWH/USACE)

3. Pumped Storage Forum (USACE/BPA) Voith, Toshiba, Alstom, Andritz

4. Banks Lake Pumped Storage Evaluation (USBR)

System Analysis, Design

Parameters, and Economics

Contract Awarded to

HDR/DTA

Banks Lake Pumped Storage

Equipment Upgrades Expansion

Alternatives Operational Changes

Add Pumped Storage to an Existing

Federal Facility USACE USBR

Non-Federal Pumped Storage Project

Purchase Use Partnering

Arrangement

Banks Lake Pumped Storage

Improvements

New Federal Pumped Storage Project

USACE USBR

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Summer-Fall 2009 Fall 2009 - Present

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HDR/DTA ReportHDR/DTA Report

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Hydroelectric Pumped Storage for Enabling Variable Energy Resources within the Federal Columbia River Power System

Recommendations and Suggested Next Steps:─ Model Development - Develop Tools to more accurately assess the capabilities of

pumped storage to enable the integration of higher levels of variable generation in the FCRPS.

─ Keys Pump-Generating Plant - Pursue Equipment Modernization and Upgrades

─ Greenfield Project – Continue evaluation of a greenfield pumped storage project

─ Regional/National Communication – Pursue regional collaborative evaluation of a greenfield pumped storage project

• Pumped storage has significant potential in the Pacific Northwest…

• Keys Pump-Generating Plant is underutilized and with modernization and potential upgrades can be a near term resource for wind integration.

• Grid scale energy storage would be a valuable asset for long term expected levels of wind in the future.

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Bureau of ReclamationBureau of Reclamation

Technical Service Center

• John W. Keys III Pump Generating Plant, Columbia Basin Project Special Report October 2009

• Appraisal Level Technical Evaluation for Modernization of John W. Keys III Pump Generating Plant, Columbia Basin Project Phase II Planning Study February 2011

Funding Agreement for Evaluation of Keys Pump-Generating Plant Modernization signed by BPA and Reclamation on June 15, 2010

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John W. Keys III Pump Generating PlantJohn W. Keys III Pump Generating Plant

Original installation in 1951 six 50 MW pumping units

Upgrade in 1973 two 50 MW pump/generators installed

Upgrade in 1983-84 four 53.5 MW pump/ generators installed

Current Capacity Pumping – 12 Units 614 MW Generating – 6 Units 314 MW

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Keys Pump-Generating Plant AssessmentKeys Pump-Generating Plant Assessment

USBR Technical Service Center and HDR Recommendations Under Evaluation:─ Modernization

• Excitation

• Governors

• Breakers

• Unit Controls and Protection

• PG Phase Reversal Switches

• Pump Motor Disconnect Switches

• PG7 & 8 Wicket Gate Operating Mechanism Improvements

• Main Step-up Transformer & Transformer Disconnect Switches

• Station Service Upgrades

• Miscellaneous Balance-of-Plant refurbishment

• Estimated Cost $85-$145M

─ Upgrade of Pump-Generator Units 7-12

• Preference is to increase the operating head range of the PG units

• Secondary goal is to increase Capacity (a 20% increase would result in pumping capacity – 660MW, generating capacity – 360MW)

• Estimated Cost $80-$140M

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HDR/DTA Report – Greenfield Pumped Storage ExamplesProject Feature/Characteristic Project X1 Project X2

Upper Reservoir New off-channel reservoir New off-channel reservoir

Storage Volume (ac-ft) 15,000 3,000,000

Active Surface Area (acre) 282 11,750

Dam Height (ft.) 150 780

Max. Water Surface Elev. (msl) 2,436 2,159

Lower Reservoir New off-channel reservoir Existing reservoir

Active Storage Volume (ac. ft.) 15,000 3,000,000+

Surface Area (acres) 209 80,000

Max. Water Surface Elev. (msl) 624 1,290

Approx. Net Head (ft.) 1,700 870

Conveyance Length (ft.) 4,800 14,800

Plant Capacity (MW) 1,050 1,136

Units Sizes/Number 250/4 282/4

Est. Annual Generation (GWh) 1,560 1,760

Est. Annual Pumping (GWh) 1,950 2,200

Transmission Line Length (mi.) 5.0 7.5

Est. Capital Cost (Million $, 2010) 2,733 8,162

Cost per Installed MW (Million $) 2.603 7.185Slide 11

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Other Potential Solutions for Integrating Wind

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Transmission additions to reach/blend diverse wind projects

Generators self supply balancing reserves

Continued scheduling improvements

Explore virtual Balancing Area consolidation

Enhanced storage capability:─ Batteries

─ Pumped storage

─ Compressed air

─ Flywheels

─ Plug-in electric vehicles

Conservation

Demand response

Smart Grid applications

Purchase balancing reserves from a third party

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Wayne ToddBonneville Power [email protected]