Automotive industry From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The automotive industry is a term that covers a wide range of companies and organisations involved in the design, development, manufacture, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles , towed vehicles , motorcycles and mopeds . It is one of the world's most importanteconomic sectors by revenue . The term automotive industry usually does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles following delivery to the end-user, such as repair shops and motor fuel filling stations . The term automotive was created from Greek autos (self), and Latin motivus (of motion) to represent any form of self-powered vehicle. This term was proposed by SAE member Elmer Sperry . [1] Contents [hide ] 1 History 2 Safety 3 Economy 4 World motor vehicle production o 4.1 By year o 4.2 By country o 4.3 By manufacturer 5 Company relationships 6 Top vehicle manufacturing groups by volume 7 By total production 8 Minor automotive manufacturers 9 See also 10 References 11 External links [edit ]History The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany . Benz was granted a patent for his automobile on 29 January 1886, and began the first production of automobiles in 1888, after Bertha Benz , his
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Automotive industryFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The automotive industry is a term that covers a wide range of companies and organisations involved in the
design, development, manufacture, marketing, and selling of motor vehicles, towed
vehicles, motorcycles and mopeds. It is one of the world's most importanteconomic sectors by revenue.
The term automotive industry usually does not include industries dedicated to the maintenance of automobiles
following delivery to the end-user, such as repair shops and motor fuel filling stations.
The term automotive was created from Greek autos (self), and Latin motivus (of motion) to represent any form of
self-powered vehicle. This term was proposed by SAE member Elmer Sperry.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Safety
3 Economy
4 World motor vehicle production
o 4.1 By year
o 4.2 By country
o 4.3 By manufacturer
5 Company relationships
6 Top vehicle manufacturing groups by volume
7 By total production
8 Minor automotive manufacturers
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
[edit]History
The first practical automobile with a petrol engine was built by Karl Benz in 1885 in Mannheim, Germany. Benz
was granted a patent for his automobile on 29 January 1886, and began the first production of automobiles in
1888, after Bertha Benz, his wife, had proved with the first long-distance trip in August 1888 (104 km (65 mi)
from Mannheim to Pforzheim and back) that the horseless coach was absolutely suitable for daily use. Since
2008 a Bertha Benz Memorial Route commemorates this event.
Soon after, in 1889, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Stuttgart designed a vehicle from scratch to be an
automobile, rather than a horse-drawn carriage fitted with an engine. They also are usually credited as inventors
of the first motorcycle, the Daimler Reitwagen , in 1885, but Italy's Enrico Bernardi, of the University of Padua, in
1882, patented a 0.024 horsepower (17.9 W) 122 cc(7.4 cu in ) one-cylinder petrol motor, fitting it into his
son's tricycle, making it at least a candidate for the first automobile, and first motorcycle.[2]:p.26 Bernardi enlarged
the tricycle in 1892 to carry two adults.[2]:p.26
For many decades, the U.S.A. led the world in total automobile production. In 1929 before the Great Depression,
the world had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the US automobile industry produced over 90% of them. At
that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons.[3] After WWII the U.S. issued 3/4 of world's auto production. In
1980 the U.S. was overtaken by Japan and became world's leader again in 1994. In 2006, Japan narrowly
passed the U.S. in production and held this rank until 2009, when China took the top spot with 13.8 million units.
By producing 18.4 million units in 2011, China produced more than twice the number of second place the U.S.
with 8.7 million units, with in Japan third place with 8.4 million units.[4]
[edit]Safety
Today’s vehicles are graded on stricter and more precise parameters than ever before from weight to safety to
durability and anywhere and everywhere in between. New materials have brought out new techniques for
construction and vehicle design.[5] The introduction of plastics has advanced the technology used for making
newer vehicles.[6] New plastics technologies allow manufactures to answer to the call for advancements. Plastics
can be used in various technologies on vehicles for structural safety to visual appearance. These new plastic
innovations allow new technologies to be used in vehicles for safety to comfort purposes. Plastics also allow for
cost effective changes to be made to newer vehicle while still maintaining high safety and comfort requirements
of the industry. These advancements in plastic material usage in modern vehicles are the footholds for the future
of the automotive industry.[7]
[edit]Economy
See also: Automotive industry by country
Around the world, there were about 806 million cars and light trucks on the road in 2007, consuming over 260
billion US gallons (980,000,000 m3) of gasoline and diesel fuel yearly.[8] The automobile is a primary mode of
transportation for many developed economies. The Detroit branch of Boston Consulting Group predicts that, by
2014, one-third of world demand will be in the four BRICmarkets (Brazil, Russia, India and China). Other
potentially powerful automotive markets are Iran and Indonesia.[9] Emerging auto markets already buy more cars
than established markets. According to a J.D. Power study, emerging markets accounted for 51 percent of the
global light-vehicle sales in 2010. The study expects this trend to accelerate.[10][11]
[edit]World motor vehicle production
See also: List of countries by motor vehicle production
[edit]By year
Global production of motorvehicles
(cars and commercial vehicles)
YearProductio
n Change Source
1997 54,434,000 [12]
1998 52,987,000 -2.7% [12]
1999 56,258,892 6.2% [13]
2000 58,374,162 3.8% [14]
2001 56,304,925 -3.5% [15]
2002 58,994,318 4.8% [16]
2003 60,663,225 2.8% [17]
2004 64,496,220 6.3% [18]
2005 66,482,439 3.1% [19]
2006 69,222,975 4.1% [20]
2007 73,266,061 5.8% [21]
2008 70,520,493 -3.7% [22]
2009 61,791,868 -12.4% [23]
2010 77,857,705 26.0% [24]
[edit]By countryMain article: List of countries by motor vehicle production
[hide]
V
T
E
« previous year Top 20 motor vehicle producing countries 2011 next year »
Great Wall 486,562Key Cars Light Commercial Vehicles Heavy Commercial VehiclesHeavy Buses
Total: 78,799,483 Cars: 61,703,020 LCV: 13,637,299 HCV: 3,111,908Heavy Bus: 347,256Reference: "World motor vehicle production by manufacturer: World ranking of manufacturers, Year 2011". OICA. November 2012.
[edit]Company relationships
It is common for automobile manufacturers to hold stakes in other automobile manufacturers. These ownerships
can be explored under the detail for the individual companies.
Notable current relationships include:[citation needed]
Daimler AG holds a 20% stake in Eicher Motors, a 10.0% stake in KAMAZ, a 10% stake in Tesla Motors, a
6.75% stake in Tata Motors and a 3.1% in the Renault-Nissan Alliance.
Dongfeng Motor Corporation is involved in joint ventures with several companies around the world,