Automobile fluid coupling and torque converter

GUIDED BY : RESPECTED DHORAJ KAMAL JAMUWA SIRSUBMITTED BY : DEEPAK KUMAR SOLANKIBRANCH : MECHANICAL ENGG.CLASS : B.TECH. 2ND YEAR, 4TH SEM.

FLUID COUPLING :FUNCTION : To transmit power from one shaft to another, magnitudes of input and output torques are equal.

Construction and Working : It is consists of two shafts driving and driven shaft which are enclosed in a single housing without any rigid or mechanically connection between them; contact is only through a working fluid contained in the casing.

The working oil serves to transmit torque from the pump impeller to the turbine runner. When air From the pump impeller exerts torque sufficient enough to overcome the inertia of turbine blades, it also begins to run.

Operation : When the pump impeller starts rotating, the oil in the coupling thrown outward by centrifugal action. The oil then enters in the turbine and exerts a force on the runner. Magnitude of the increases with an increase in the speed of the

driving shaft and eventually when this torque overcomes in the inertia effects, the turbine runner and the driven shaft begin to rotate. The oil thus gains energy from the impeller and delivers it to the runner. Further the oil circulates in the closed path; overflow of pump comprises the inflow to turbine and discharge from the turbine is fed back at the suction of the pump.

power output Efficiency of fluid coupling = ------------------- power input

η = (fc)

Slip S = = 1 -

TORQUE CONVERTER :

Function :

To transmit increased or decreased power from one shaft to another. A variable torque is impressed on the driven Member without the use of gear train or clutch.

Construction and Working :

A torque converter comprises :

1. Pump impeller coupled to the driving shaft ,2. Turbine runner coupled to the driven shaft , and3. Reaction member or fixed guide vane arranged

between the pump impeller and the turbine runner.

Liquid flowing from pump impeller to turbine runnerexerts a torque on the stationary vanes. These vaneschange the direction of liquid ,Thereby making possiblea torque and speed transformation. The torque relationship is prescribed by : To = Ti + TvWhere Tv is the torque of guide vanes. Then power input = Wi * Ti power output = Wo * To = Wo (Ti + To)

Efficiency of torque converter ,

η =

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