Australia & New Zealand Lecture. Captain James Cook discovered Australia in 1770. He was sent to discover the huge land that many people believed was.

Australia & New Zealand Australia & New Zealand

LectureLecture

Captain James Cook discovered Australia in 1770. He was sent to discover the huge land that many people believed was south of the equator.

He landed south of present day Sydney in New South Wales. He claimed this part of the land for the King of England.

In In 17781778, the British government began , the British government began sending the first sending the first prisonersprisoners to Australia. to Australia.

Overtime many people arrived from Overtime many people arrived from Britain & Europe to Australia, New Britain & Europe to Australia, New Zealand, & the islands of Oceania. Zealand, & the islands of Oceania. Life Life was difficultwas difficult in Australia. There was in Australia. There was very very little water little water & the climate was & the climate was very hard. very hard.

The First People in New The First People in New ZealandZealand

The first settlers of the region known as New Zealand were called the “Maori.They were known for their aggressive fighting nature, which made it very difficult for the British to colonize the country. New Zealand remained under British control until 1907

The First people in Australia were The First people in Australia were Aborigines.Aborigines. They They arrived there about 12,000 years before from arrived there about 12,000 years before from southern Asia. southern Asia.

They had very rich forms of They had very rich forms of cultureculture that included art, that included art, painting, song, poetry and mythology. The lives of painting, song, poetry and mythology. The lives of aborigines stayed almost the same for thousands of aborigines stayed almost the same for thousands of years until the Europeans came to live in Australia in years until the Europeans came to live in Australia in 1778. 1778.

The Aborigines are the Australian natives that had been living there for thousands of years before the first Europeans came to Australia in the 1600s.

The Europeans suffered a lot in Australia but the The Europeans suffered a lot in Australia but the AboriginesAborigines suffered a lot more. Europeans stole their suffered a lot more. Europeans stole their land & killed thousands of Aborigines. Many escaped land & killed thousands of Aborigines. Many escaped into the into the OutbackOutback. They also brought . They also brought new diseases new diseases with them. In parts of Australia, not one Aborigine with them. In parts of Australia, not one Aborigine survived. Today aborigines continue to live in survived. Today aborigines continue to live in Australia, but there culture in under threat. Australia, but there culture in under threat.

In 1770, there were about In 1770, there were about 300,000300,000 Aborigines. Now, Aborigines. Now, there are there are 120,000120,000. It is becoming harder and harder . It is becoming harder and harder for them to continue their traditional way to live.for them to continue their traditional way to live.

Australia is situated south of Asia, between the

Pacific & the Indian Oceans. Australia is a continent, a country & an island at the same time. Australia is located in the southern hemisphere. This is why it is sometimes referred to as This is why it is sometimes referred to as “The Land Down Under”“The Land Down Under”Australia consists of Australia consists of 66 states & states & 22 territories. territories.

AustraliaAustralia & & New Zealand New Zealand belong to The belong to The Commonwealth of Commonwealth of Nations .Nations .

The Gold RushThe Gold Rush

In 1851 gold was discovered about 300 km west of Sydney. People

rushed to the gold fields to find their

fortunes. This attracted robbers

called bushrangers.

Australia IndustriesAustralia Industries

Today Australia is a modern, industrial country, Today Australia is a modern, industrial country, independent from Britain independent from Britain since since 19311931. .

It is the world’s biggest producer of It is the world’s biggest producer of woolwool, , bauxitebauxite & important producer of & important producer of wheatwheat, , meatmeat, , sugarsugar & & fruitfruit..

Australia's coat of arms – the official emblem of the Australian Government – was granted by

George V in 1912. The arms consist of a shield containing the badges of the six states. The supporters are

native Australian fauna – a kangaroo and an emu. A yellow-

flowered native plant, wattle, also appears in the design.

The flag of Australia is the only one to fly over a whole continent. The small Union Jack represents the historical link with Britain, the

large seven-pointed star represents the six States &

Territories, & the small stars from the Southern Cross – a prominent

feature of the southern hemisphere night sky.

OFFITIAL NAME : Commonwealth of AustraliaOFFITIAL NAME : Commonwealth of Australia CAPITAL: CanberraCAPITAL: Canberra TOTAL AREA: 7,700,000 sq.kmTOTAL AREA: 7,700,000 sq.km POPULATION: 20 million peoplePOPULATION: 20 million people HEAD OF STATE: Queen Elizabeth II represented by Governor-HEAD OF STATE: Queen Elizabeth II represented by Governor-

GeneralGeneral FORM OF GVERNMENTFORM OF GVERNMENT: Constitutional monarchy: Constitutional monarchy PORTS: Sydney, Melbourne, BrisbanePORTS: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane LONGEST RIVER: the Darling (2,740 km)LONGEST RIVER: the Darling (2,740 km) HIGHEST POINT: Mount Kosciusko (2,230 m)HIGHEST POINT: Mount Kosciusko (2,230 m) NATURAL RESNATURAL RESOOURCES: URCES: coal, zink, nickel, gold, woolcoal, zink, nickel, gold, wool NATIONAL HOLIDAY: Australian Day , 16 January (1788)NATIONAL HOLIDAY: Australian Day , 16 January (1788) MONEY: basic unit – Australian dollarMONEY: basic unit – Australian dollar NATIONAL SYMBOLS: Kangaroo and EmuNATIONAL SYMBOLS: Kangaroo and Emu NATIONAL ANTHEM: “Waltzing Matilda”NATIONAL ANTHEM: “Waltzing Matilda”

- - What is the capital of Australia?What is the capital of Australia?

a. Sydney b. Melbournea. Sydney b. Melbourne c. Canberrac. Canberra

- Which city is the oldest and largest?- Which city is the oldest and largest?

a. Canberra a. Canberra b. Sydney c. Darwin b. Sydney c. Darwin

- Which is a popular Australian animal?- Which is a popular Australian animal?

a. bear b. kangaroo c. foxa. bear b. kangaroo c. fox

- Who are the Australian natives- Who are the Australian natives

a. Eskimos b. Aborigines c. Indiansa. Eskimos b. Aborigines c. Indians

- Who discovered Australia?- Who discovered Australia?

a. Columbus b. Captain Cook c. Lewis and a. Columbus b. Captain Cook c. Lewis and Clark Clark

- What is the official Language in Australia? - What is the official Language in Australia?

a. English b. German c. Spain a. English b. German c. Spain

Canberra is the capital of Canberra is the capital of Australia.Australia. It is very young city. It is very young city.

Population is about Population is about 310,000 310,000 people.people.

Capitol Hill Canberra Fountain

Capital of Capital of New South New South WalesWales. Leading . Leading industrial city. industrial city.

Population: Population: 3,200,000 3,200,000 peoplepeople..

St. Maria Cathedral

The Harbour Bridge

Sydney

Sydney AMP Tower

Opera House

Capital of Capital of VictoriaVictoria. The . The world’s most livable city. world’s most livable city.

Population: Population: 3.200.0003.200.000

Train StationMelbourne Bridge

Old House

Capital of Capital of QueenslandQueensland. It is a year-round vocation . It is a year-round vocation place. Population is about place. Population is about 1,400,0001,400,000 people. people.

Brisbane BridgeBrisbane Skyscrapers

Brisbane

Capital of Capital of South AustraliaSouth Australia. A . A pretty and industrial city. pretty and industrial city.

Population: Population: 1,100,0001,100,000 people. people.

Victoria Square Fountain

Gold Beach

Adelaide

Capital of Capital of Western AustraliaWestern Australia. . One of the best climates in One of the best climates in

Australia. Population: Australia. Population: 1.200.0001.200.000 people. people.

King’s Park

Perth Skyscrapers

Capital of island-state Capital of island-state TasmaniaTasmania. Winters are . Winters are very cold. Population very cold. Population

of about of about 200,000200,000..

Bay of Fires

Coles BayRemarkable Cave

Lavender Farm

Warumbungle NP

Crowdy Bay NP

Crowdy Bay NP

Cockatoo NP

It’s the world’s largest coral reef (over 2000 km). It It’s the world’s largest coral reef (over 2000 km). It stretches along the east coast of stretches along the east coast of Queensland.Queensland. It’s It’s

made up of over 2900 individual made up of over 2900 individual reefs very close reefs very close to each otherto each other..

Australians really love nature. They try to

protect their nature and their animals. Do you

recognize any of these animals?

BritishBritish Australian Australian barbecuebarbecue barbiebarbie

kangarookangaroo rooroo

mosquitomosquito mozziemozzie

chickenchicken chookchook

candycandy lollielollie

slippersslippers thongsthongs

TVTV tellietellie

girlgirl sheilasheila

formform yearyear

sheepsheep jumbuckjumbuck

cinemacinema picturespictures

postboxpostbox letterboxletterbox

trainerstrainers runnersrunners

freewayfreeway main roadmain road

What do these numbers and dates refer to?What do these numbers and dates refer to?

For example:For example:

12,000 years ago:12,000 years ago: first people arrived in first people arrived in AustraliaAustralia

120,000 120,000 19701970 300.000 300.000 7,700,000 7,700,000

20,000,000 20,000,000 1978 1978 66 19311931

- - What is the capital of Australia?What is the capital of Australia?

a. Sydney a. Sydney b. Melbourne c. Canberrab. Melbourne c. Canberra

- Which city is the oldest and largest?- Which city is the oldest and largest?

a. Canberra a. Canberra b. Sydney c. Darwin b. Sydney c. Darwin

- Which is a popular Australian animal?- Which is a popular Australian animal?

a. bear a. bear b. kangaroo c. foxb. kangaroo c. fox

- Who are the Australian natives?- Who are the Australian natives?

a. Eskimos a. Eskimos b. Aborigines b. Aborigines c. Indians c. Indians

- Who discovered Australia?- Who discovered Australia?

a. Columbus b. Captain Cook c. Lewis and a. Columbus b. Captain Cook c. Lewis and Clark Clark

- What is the official Language in Australia? - What is the official Language in Australia?

a. English b. German c. Spain a. English b. German c. Spain

HobartHobart

PerthPerth

AdelaideAdelaide

VictoriaVictoria

MelbourneMelbourne

SydneySydney

New South Wales

New South Wales

South Australia

South Australia

BrisbaneBrisbane

TasmaniaTasmania

Western Australia

Western Australia

QueenslandQueensland

HobartHobart

PerthPerth

AdelaideAdelaide

VictoriaVictoriaMelbourneMelbourne

SydneySydney New South Wales

New South Wales

South Australia

South Australia

BrisbaneBrisbane

TasmaniaTasmania

Western Australia

Western Australia

QueenslandQueensland

Tell about Australia using Tell about Australia using the chartthe chart Geographical locationGeographical location: : … south of Asia, … south of Asia,

between … and … Oceans. …in the southern between … and … Oceans. …in the southern hemisphere.hemisphere.

Capital: Capital: … … Total area: Total area: … square kilometers.… square kilometers. Population: Population: …people. …people. Native Australians: Native Australians: …… Principal towns: Principal towns: … Sydney, Melbourne, … Sydney, Melbourne,

Brisbane. Brisbane. World’s famous sights: World’s famous sights: …… Principal industries: Principal industries: … wool, metals and … wool, metals and

mineral producer.mineral producer. Head of State Head of State … Queen … represented by …… Queen … represented by … Animals: Animals: … … National emblems: National emblems: ……