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Mohenjo-DaroThe population of the city is thought to have been
40,000 people when the Indus Valley civilisation was at its height.
It was 2 km2 in area and is thought to be the largest Indus
settlement. Bronze
statues like ‘Dancing Girl’ (pictured) were found during
excavations. This tells us that dance was part of
the Indus culture.
The Indus Valley Photo Cards
Attribution: Saqib Qayyum
Attribution: Usman
Attribution: Comrogues
Attribution: Jen
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The Indus Valley Photo Cards
Attribution: Smn121Attribution: Ess ech
Attribution: Shamshad Hussain
HarappaThe population of the city is thought to have
been 23,500 people when the Indus Valley civilisation was at its
height. It was 1.5 km2 in area. Hand-made
terracotta figures that were possibly used as toys (pictured)
were
found during excavations of the site.
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The Indus Valley Photo Cards
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
Attribution: Rama’s Arrow
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
LothalThe population of the city is thought to have
been 15,000 people when the Indus Valley civilisation was at its
height. It was 0.1 km2 in area. Carved stone tools like the
pictured chisel-head as well as
arrowheads and fishhooks were found during excavations of
the site. Attribution: Rama’s Arrow
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The Indus Valley Picture Card
Attribution: Soban
This is a reconstruction of the Indus Valley city
Mohenjo-Daro.
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The Indus Valley Map Sheet A
Can you match the pictures of
Lothal to their locations on the
map? The descriptions on the cards will
help you!
N
S
W E
NE
SESW
NW
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The Indus Valley Map Sheet B
N
S
W E
NE
SESW
NW
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
Attribution: Rama’s Arrow
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
Attribution: Rashmi.parab
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The Indus Valley Location Cards A
The river flowed to the west and the north of Lothal. Over time
the
course of the river has changed and it no longer flows in
this
location.
The drains are marked in green on the map. There are
probably
more drains in Lothal but either they have
not been excavated yet or their locations have
not been mapped.
Roads are marked on the map in red. Lothal has not been
completely excavated yet and the site was damaged by floods so the
exact
location of the original roads is not known.
The baths were on a raised platform in the south-east of Lothal.
They were close to
drains and a source of drinking water. They were only used by
important people.
A wharf connected the dock to the main
warehouse. This made loading goods on and off boats easier. The
warehouse was in the north-east corner of
Lothal.
The cemetery was on the north-west of
Lothal. It was outside the city walls. It is thought most of the
population of Lothal were cremated, not
buried, when they died.
A wall surrounded Lothal. The wall was damaged in floods or
stolen by people who needed the bricks so
the height of the walls is unknown.
The river flowed to the west and the north of Lothal. Over time
the
course of the river has changed and it no longer flows in
this
location.
The drains are marked in green on the map. There are
probably
more drains in Lothal but either they have
not been excavated yet or their locations have
not been mapped.
Roads are marked on the map in red. Lothal has not been
completely excavated yet and the site was damaged by floods so the
exact
location of the original roads is not known.
The baths were on a raised platform in the south-east of Lothal.
They were close to
drains and a source of drinking water. They were only used by
important people.
A wharf connected the dock to the main
warehouse. This made loading goods on and off boats easier. The
warehouse was in the north-east corner of
Lothal.
The cemetery was on the north-west of
Lothal. It was outside the city walls. It is thought most of the
population of Lothal were cremated, not
buried, when they died.
A wall surrounded Lothal. The wall was damaged in floods or
stolen by people who needed the bricks so
the height of the walls is unknown.
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 1 2
3 4 5 6 7
warehouse
warehouse
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The Indus Valley Location Cards B
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
This is a well. It is near to drainage canals and the city
walls. This is where the people of
Lothal would have got water from.
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
This is a granary. It is where the people of Lothal would have
stored excess food. In the distance you can see some of the city
wall. This
structure was near the dock so that produce could be unloaded
from boats and stored easily. The granary was on a raised platform
in the
south-east of Lothal.
Attribution: Rama’s Arrow
This is a dock. It is located away from the main river to stop
it becoming full of silt and sediment. At the northern end of the
dock there is a wide
opening that allowed boats to enter. At the southern end of the
dock there is a small opening that allowed excess water to
escape.
Attribution: Bernard Gagnon
This is bathroom or a toilet structure. It was part of the lower
town. There is a drain
running through the structure. The lower town is the term used
to describe the section of the town that is not on a raised
platform.
This is the remains of the building structures in the lower
town. It is thought most of the houses had two rooms and open
courtyards.
Some of these buildings were shops.
Attribution: Rashmi.parab
8 9
10 11 12
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The Indus Valley Question Cards
Today, how much waste does the sewer system handle a day?
How much money do Thames Water say they invest in the
network
each year?
Approximately how much did the sewer system cost?
How did the ‘Great Stink’ make the sewer system happen?
What epidemic was London suffering from in the mid-19th
century?
How many tonnes of sewage went into the Thames each year in
the
1850s?
Who designed the first functioning sewer system in Britain?
Where was the first sewer system in Britain?
In what year was most of London connected to a sewer system?
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The Indus Valley Answer Cards
Today, how much waste does the sewer system handle a day?
1.8 billion gallons of sewage
How much money do Thames Water say they invest in the
network
each year?
£1 billion
Approximately how much did the sewer system cost?
£4.2 million
How did the ‘Great Stink’ make the sewer system happen?
In 1858 a hot summer made the Thames smell. This affected the
MPs in the Houses of Parliament.
What epidemic was London suffering from in the mid-19th
century?
Cholera
How many tonnes of sewage went into the Thames each year in
the
1850s?
150 million tonnes a year
Who designed the first functioning sewer system in Britain?
Engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette
Where was the first sewer system in Britain?
In London
In what year was most of London connected to a sewer system?
1866 (In the Victorian era, during Industrial Revolution)
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The Indus Valley Statement Cards
The Indus Valley civilisation was located in modern day
Pakistan
and Northwest India.
Answer: True.
The Indus Valley settlements were very basic. They did not
have houses or sanitation systems.
Answer: False, the settlements had sanitation systems and public
baths.
The Indus Valley settlements were carefully planned.
Answer: True, the north to south roads were 10 m wide. The east
to west roads
were 5 m wide.
At its height the Indus Valley civilisation was smaller than
Britain.
Answer: False, the civilisation was four times larger than
Britain.
We know about the Indus Valley civilisation from their
writing.
Answer: False, no one has been able to decode the Indus
writing.
The Indus Valley civilisation is thought to have developed
between 1 CE and 1000 CE.
Answer: False, the civilisation is dated 3200 - 1500 BCE.
During the the Indus Valley civilisation Britain was in the
Stone Age and then the Bronze Age.
Answer: True.
There were fewer than ten Indus Valley settlements.
Answer: False, there were more than 1,400 cities and town.
Excavations on the Indus Valley settlements began in 2000.
Answer: False, excavations began around 1850.
The oldest Indus Valley settlement discovered was founded before
5000 BCE.
Answer: True, Bhirrana was founded in 7500 BCE. Excavations
began in 2003.
The Indus Valley settlements have been carefully preserved.
Answer: False, they have been damaged by the weather, floods and
people removing bricks to reuse them.
Indus Valley settlements had drains, wells, public baths and
roads.
Answer: True.
Britain developed its sewer system at the same time as the
Indus Valley civilisation.
Answer: False, Britain first had a sewer system 3260 years after
the Indus
civilisation declined.
The Indus Valley civilisation developed after Ancient Rome.
Answer: False, Ancient Rome began 1000 years after the Indus
civilisation
declined.
Buildings in the Indus Valley settlements were made from
wood.
Answer: False, baked mud bricks were used.
The biggest Indus Valley settlement is Lothal.
Answer: False, the largest settlement was Mohenjo-Daro.